1. By: Holden Luce

2.  Mapp was accused of harboring a criminal involved in a bombing case.  The Officers confronted Mapp at her home and demanded that she turn him over.  The officers “Claimed” to have a warrant.  While the officers searched the home for the fugitive they found a box of obscene photos which were illegal in Ohio at the time.

3.  When Mapp was taken to court the officers were unable to produce a warrant.  After the case was taken to the supreme court it was decided that the 4 th amendment protects citizens against unlawful searches and that the evidence obtained by the Ohio officers was to be thrown out.

4.  Gideon was seen walking out of a pool room with a bottle of wine and his pockets full of coins.  The owner of the pool room confirmed that money was taken and that a few bottles of beer and wine were missing.  After he was taken to court he defended himself and was later found guilty.

5.  While in jail Gideon studied the 6 th amendment and appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court against the Secretary to the Florida Department of corrections Louie Wainwright.  Gideon argued that the states 14 th amendment had violated his 6 th amendment because he was not offered counsel.  In the end Gideon was retried with a state lawyer and was aquited.

6.  Miranda was arrested because of Massive amounts of evidence that linked him to the raping and kidnapping of an 18 yr old girl 10 days earlier.  After two hours in a interrogation room Miranda signed a confession that stated that he had done this voluntarily and he had heard his rights.  Miranda was convicted to 20 to 30 years but appealed saying that he was not offered any of his rights.

7.  The State argued that Miranda did not specifically ask for counsel and that it wasn’t their place to give him one if he didn’t ask for one.  Miranda was retried and sentenced to 20 to 30 years again, He got parole in ‘72 and returned to his old neighborhood autographing police cards.  He was stabbed to death in ‘76 after an argument.

8.  Mapp Vs Ohio affirmed the right that people had against illegal searches.  Gideon Vs Wainwright affirmed the right that people had the right to an attorney even if they couldn’t afford one.  Miranda Vs Arizona affirmed the right that people had when being arrested and being interrogated. (Miranda Rights)

9.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_v._Ariz ona http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_v._Ariz ona  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gideon_v._Wain wright http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gideon_v._Wain wright  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapp_v._Ohio http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapp_v._Ohio  http://www.oyez.org/cases/1960- 1969/1962/1962_155 http://www.oyez.org/cases/1960- 1969/1962/1962_155