1. Global Forum on Sustainable Development FINANCING WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ALL Paris 18-19 December 2003

4. Starts withThingsPeople Core ActivityConstructing LatrinesIgniting and Facilitating Processes Latrines designed byEngineersLocal People Number of designsOne or a fewOver 30 in Bangladesh MaterialsCement, pipes, bricks, etcLocal eg. bamboo and plastic, tin, etc CostHigherCan be under $1 IndicatorsLatrines ConstructedNo more open defaecation SustainabilityPartial and patchy100% so far Key motivationSubsidySelf-respect Coverage/usagePartialTotal Benefits to those with sanitation Lower (environment still dirty) Higher (environment clean) Who benefitsUsually the better offAll including poorest THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN RURAL SANITATION PAST Target Driven Partial Sanitation (TDPS) FUTURE Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS)

5. Non-Negotiable Principles for Rural CLTS No hardware subsidy –Communities help the poorest No blueprint design –Local design Start with people –They can do it Facilitate –They appraise, plan and act Go at their pace –Slow at first for faster later