1. spread spectrum https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

2. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum 1 Frequency-hopping spread spectrum https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

3. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum 1 Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) is a method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly switching a carrier among many frequency channels, using a pseudorandom sequence known to both transmitter and receiver. It is used as a multiple access method in the frequency- hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA) scheme. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

4. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Civilian use 1 In the US, since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) amended rules to allow frequency hopping spread spectrum systems in the unregulated 2.4 GHz band, many consumer devices in that band have employed various spread-spectrum modes. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

5. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Civilian use 1 Some walkie-talkies that employ frequency- hopping spread spectrum technology have been developed for unlicensed use on the 900 MHz band. Several such radios are marketed under the name eXtreme Radio Service (eXRS). Despite the name's similarity to the FRS allocation, the system is a proprietary design, rather than an official U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated service. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

6. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Technical considerations 1 In the US, FCC part 15 on unlicensed system in the 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz bands permits more power than non-spread spectrum systems. Both frequency hopping and direct sequence systems can transmit at 1 Watt. The limit is increased from 1 milliwatt to 1 watt or a thousand times increase. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) prescribes a minimum number of channels and a maximum dwell time for each channel. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

7. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Technical considerations 1 Spread spectrum systems rely on excess signal to noise ratios for sharing of spectrum https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

8. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Multiple inventors 1 During World War II, the US Army Signal Corps was inventing a communication system called SIGSALY, which incorporated spread spectrum in a single frequency context. However, SIGSALY was a top-secret communications system, so its existence did not become known until the 1980s. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

9. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Variations of FHSS 1 Adaptive Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (AFH) (as used in Bluetooth) improves resistance to radio frequency interference by avoiding using crowded frequencies in the hopping sequence. This sort of adaptive transmission is easier to implement with FHSS than with DSSS. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

10. Frequency-hopping spread spectrum - Variations of FHSS 1 The GSM cellular system uses frequency hopping, as a form of frequency interleaving, in view to avoid that two phone calls in adjacent cells constantly interfere with each other. However, this is not considered as spread spectrum, since the two phonecalls within the same cell never use the same frequency. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

11. Spread spectrum 1 Spread-spectrum telecommunications This is a technique in which a telecommunication signal is transmitted on a bandwidth considerably larger than the frequency content of the original information. Frequency hopping is a basic modulation technique used in spread spectrum signal transmission. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

12. Spread spectrum 1 Spread spectrum generally makes use of a sequential noise-like signal structure to spread the normally narrowband information signal over a relatively wideband (radio) band of frequencies https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

13. Spread spectrum 1 Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS), direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), time-hopping spread spectrum (THSS), chirp spread spectrum (CSS), and combinations of these techniques are forms of spread spectrum https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

14. Spread spectrum - Techniques 1 Techniques known since the 1940s and used in military communication systems since the 1950s "spread" a radio signal over a wide frequency range several magnitudes higher than minimum requirement. The core principle of spread spectrum is the use of noise-like carrier waves, and, as the name implies, bandwidths much wider than that required for simple point-to-point communication at the same data rate. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

15. Spread spectrum - Spread-spectrum clock signal generation 1 An ability to disable spread-spectrum clocking in computer systems is considered useful for overclocking, as spread spectrum can lower maximum clock speed achievable due to clock skew. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

16. Spread spectrum - Sources 1 History on spread spectrum, as given in "Smart Mobs, The Next Social Revolution", Howard Rheingold, ISBN 0- 7382-0608-3 https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

17. Chirp spread spectrum 1 In digital communications, chirp spread spectrum (CSS) is a spread spectrum technique that uses wideband linear frequency modulated chirp pulses to encode information. A chirp is a sinusoidal signal whose frequency increases or decreases over time (often with a polynomial expression for the relationship between time and frequency). In the picture is an example of an upchirp—as you can see, the frequency increases linearly over time. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

18. Chirp spread spectrum - Overview 1 Additionally, chirp spread spectrum is resistant to the Doppler effect, which is typical in mobile radio applications. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

19. Chirp spread spectrum - Uses 1 Chirp spread spectrum was originally designed to compete with ultra-wideband for precision ranging and low-rate wireless networks in the 2.45 GHz band https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

20. Chirp spread spectrum - Uses 1 Chirp spread spectrum is ideal for applications requiring low power usage and needing relatively low data rates (1 Mbit/s or less) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

21. Chirp spread spectrum - Uses 1 Chirp spread spectrum may also be used in the future for military applications as it is very difficult to detect and intercept when operating at low power. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

22. Direct-sequence spread spectrum 1 In telecommunications, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a modulation technique. As with other spread spectrum technologies, the transmitted signal takes up more bandwidth than the information signal that modulates the carrier or broadcast frequency. The name 'spread spectrum' comes from the fact that the carrier signals occur over the full bandwidth (spectrum) of a device's transmitting frequency. Certain IEEE 802.11 standards use DSSS signaling. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

23. Direct-sequence spread spectrum - Transmission method 1 In contrast, frequency-hopping spread spectrum pseudo-randomly re-tunes the carrier, instead of adding pseudo-random noise to the data, the latter process results in a uniform frequency distribution whose width is determined by the output range of the pseudorandom number generator. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

24. Channel access method - Code division multiple access (CDMA)/Spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) 1 The code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme is based on spread spectrum, meaning that a wider radio spectrum in Hertz is used than the data rate of each of the transferred bit streams, and several message signals are transferred simultaneously over the same carrier frequency, utilizing different spreading codes https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

25. Channel access method - Code division multiple access (CDMA)/Spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) 1 One form is direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-CDMA), used for example in 3G cell phone systems. Each information bit (or each symbol) is represented by a long code sequence of several pulses, called chips. The sequence is the spreading code, and each message signal (for example each phone call) use different spreading code. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

26. Direct sequence spread spectrum 1 In telecommunications, 'direct-sequence spread spectrum' ('DSSS') is a modulation technique. As with other spread spectrum technologies, the transmitted signal takes up more Bandwidth (signal processing)|bandwidth than the information signal that modulates the carrier or broadcast frequency. The name 'spread spectrum' comes from the fact that the carrier signals occur over the full bandwidth (spectrum) of a device's transmitting frequency. Certain IEEE 802.11 standards use DSSS signaling. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

27. Miniature helicopter - Spread spectrum 1 Systems such as FHSS (frequency- hopping spread spectrum) used by Futaba Corporation|Futaba employ frequency hopping on the 2.4GHz band instead of the various frequencies in the lower MHz ranges. The advantage is that radios are no longer using a fixed frequency during flight, mitigating the risk of interference on that fixed frequency. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

28. Miniature helicopter - Spread spectrum 1 Systems such as Spektrum and JR use the DSM2 DSSS(Direct-sequence spread spectrum) method, where they transmit on a pair of fixed channels chosen when the radio and receiver are turned on. Any subsequent systems would avoid using these channels and continue searching for another unused pair of channels. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

29. Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques - Steganography, Covert Channels, and Spread Spectrum 1 Basic spread spectrum uses a fixed set of frequencies, but the signal strength in any one frequency is too low to detect without correlation to other frequencies. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

30. Clandestine HUMINT operational techniques - Steganography, Covert Channels, and Spread Spectrum 1 Frequency-hopping spread spectrum is a related technique, which can use the parallel transmission of true spread spectrum, not using any one frequency long enough for plausible interception. The pattern of variation among channels may be generated and received using crytographic methods. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-spread-spectrum-toolkit.html

31. For More Information, Visit: https://store.theartofservice.co m/the-spread-spectrum- toolkit.html https://store.theartofservice.co m/the-spread-spectrum- toolkit.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com