1. Bet Ha-Knesset House of Meeting House of Meeting Synagogue Synagogue Bet T’filah or Bet Ha- Midrash Bet T’filah or Bet Ha- Midrash

2. Bimah Desk or platform Desk or platform To read Torah scrolls To read Torah scrolls No prescribed position No prescribed position

3. Mechitzah Divides men and women in Orthodox worship places Divides men and women in Orthodox worship places Erzat nashim or court of women in the Temple is the origin Erzat nashim or court of women in the Temple is the origin Worshipping together was considered distracting

4. Yizkor Tables of remembrance Tables of remembrance To recall the dead To recall the dead

5. Menorah Isaiah 42:6 Isaiah 42:6 Chanukah

6. Aron Kodesh Holy Ark Houses Torah scrolls Parochet or curtain Usually tablets representing the commandments Ner tamid or eternal flame Congregation should face it and it should be east

7. Star of David Interlocking triangles Interlocking triangles Magen David Magen David Became a Zionist symbol State of Israel

8. Yarmulke or Kippa Skull cap Skull cap Not required by law Not required by law Respect for God Respect for God From Roman times From Roman times

9. Shema Hear, O Israel! The LORD is our God, the LORD alone! Hear, O Israel! The LORD is our God, the LORD alone! Therefore, you shall love the LORD, your God, with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength. Take to heart these words which I enjoin on you today. Drill them into your children. Speak of them at home and abroad, whether you are busy or at rest. Bind them at your wrist as a sign and let them be as a pendant on your forehead. Write them on the doorposts of your houses and on your gates. Therefore, you shall love the LORD, your God, with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength. Take to heart these words which I enjoin on you today. Drill them into your children. Speak of them at home and abroad, whether you are busy or at rest. Bind them at your wrist as a sign and let them be as a pendant on your forehead. Write them on the doorposts of your houses and on your gates.

10. Tefillin Leather pouches Small Torah scrolls inside Fulfill the commandment of the Shema

11. Mezuzah Small Box Small Box v is on the front for the Shema v is on the front for the Shema Small torah scroll inside Small torah scroll inside

12. Numbers 15:38-41 The LORD said to Moses, "Speak to the Israelites and tell them that they and their descendants must put tassels on the corners of their garments, fastening each corner tassel with a violet cord. When you use these tassels, let the sight of them remind you to keep all the commandments of the LORD, without going wantonly astray after the desires of your hearts and eyes. Thus you will remember to keep all my commandments and be holy to your God. I, the LORD, am your God who, as God, brought you out of Egypt that I, the LORD, may be your God." The LORD said to Moses, "Speak to the Israelites and tell them that they and their descendants must put tassels on the corners of their garments, fastening each corner tassel with a violet cord. When you use these tassels, let the sight of them remind you to keep all the commandments of the LORD, without going wantonly astray after the desires of your hearts and eyes. Thus you will remember to keep all my commandments and be holy to your God. I, the LORD, am your God who, as God, brought you out of Egypt that I, the LORD, may be your God."

13. Tallit and Tallit Katan Tallit Tallit Tallit Katan Tzittzit are the tassles or fringe

14. Jewish Calendar Combines solar and lunar features Combines solar and lunar features Hodesh – that which is renewed Hodesh – that which is renewed Lunar month is 29.5 days; 2 months = 59; 354 days or 11 short of solar calendar Lunar month is 29.5 days; 2 months = 59; 354 days or 11 short of solar calendar Double the month of Adar in years 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, and 19 to keep seasons right Festivals on specific days on Jewish calendar (15- 22 Nisan is Passover), but will vary on the solar calendar.

15. What Year? Anno Mundi or “from the creation of the world” Anno Mundi or “from the creation of the world” 3760 BCE 3760 BCE 7 th month or Tishrei 7 th month or Tishrei 3760 + 2005 = 5765 AM; at the New Year in October (often September) we go to 5766

16. Rosh Hashanah Head of the Year or New Year’s Day Head of the Year or New Year’s Day 1 st of Tishrei (Sept or Oct on our calendar) 1 st of Tishrei (Sept or Oct on our calendar) Focus is on God as creator Focus is on God as creator Starts a 10 day period of penitence or yamim noraim (days of awe) or asseret y’mey t’shuvah (days of repentance)

17. Yom Kippur Day of Atonement Day of Atonement Holiest Day of the Year Holiest Day of the Year Tashlich or casting away sins Tashlich or casting away sins Kittel or special robe Kittel or special robe

18. Pesach Passover Passover Z’man cheiruteinu Z’man cheiruteinu Chag ha-matzot Chag ha-matzot Chag ha’aviv Chag ha’aviv Seder or “order” on the first night Haggadah Matzot Karpas Haroset Maror Beitzah Zeroah

19. Shavuot Pentecost or Festival of Weeks Pentecost or Festival of Weeks 50 days (7x7+1) 50 days (7x7+1) Moses gets the Torah at Sinai Moses gets the Torah at Sinai

20. Sukkot Feast of Booths or Tabernacles Feast of Booths or Tabernacles Wandering in Wilderness Wandering in Wilderness 3 walled structures 3 walled structures Z’man simchateinu or a time of rejoicing Z’man simchateinu or a time of rejoicing

21. Kosher Kashrut – right, fit, suitable Kashrut – right, fit, suitable Treyf or torn Treyf or torn Leviticus 11; Deut 14 Leviticus 11; Deut 14 Animals Must chew cud Must have cloven hooves Fish If they lack fins or scales, they are out Scales must be easily removable No scavengers

22. More Guidelines Most birds are okay Most birds are okay No insects No insects Milk and eggs from unclean animals are also unclean Milk and eggs from unclean animals are also unclean No animals killed by other animals No animals with deflects or flaws Certain parts are to be avoided: no suet, no blood

23. Ritual Slaughter Shechitah Ritual slaughter shochet Draining the blood

24. Meat and Dairy Exodus 23:19; 34:26 and Deut 14:21 Exodus 23:19; 34:26 and Deut 14:21 Can’t boil meat and dairy together; can’t eat together Can’t boil meat and dairy together; can’t eat together Chok – law with a reason beyond comprehension; just do it Chok – law with a reason beyond comprehension; just do it Pareve or neutral