1. Using Federally – Provided Systems to Meet State and Local Positioning Needs Civil GPS Service Interface Committee U.S. States and Local Government Subcommittee Regional Meeting Bozeman, MT April 21, 2010 Timothy A. Klein Senior Policy Advisor/RITA NDGPS Coordinator NDGPS@dot.gov

2. 2 GPS is a Critical Component of the Global Information Infrastructure 2 Satellite Operations Satellite Operations Power Grids Personal Navigation Personal Navigation Communications Aviation Fishing & Boating Fishing & Boating Oil Exploration Trucking & Shipping Surveying & Mapping Precision Agriculture Disease Control

3. 3 New Civil GPS Capabilities Ongoing modernization program is adding three new civil GPS signals –L2C, L5, L1C -- in addition to existing L1 C/A –Technical documentation available online, free Availability of new GPS capabilities will drive user equipment sales, upgrades New signal designs and signal combinations will spur new applications, markets 3

4. 4 4 FAA’s GPS Augmentation Programs

5. 5 5 FAA’s WAAS Architecture

6. 6 WAAS Orbital Architecture Telesat 107  W Intelsat 133  W

7. 7 WAAS Operational Issue Control has been lost for one of two WAAS GEO satellites –Intelsat Galaxy 15 (133° West) –Will drift out of usable orbit in two-to-three weeks WAAS service lost to northwest Alaska Potential service interruptions to North America –Three-to-five times this year, five minutes each, for WAAS Uplink Station Switchovers –Creates a single point of failure for WAAS service FAA is pursuing two alternatives –Revitalize Inmarsat 3 (178° East) – 16 months –Accelerate testing of Inmarsat-4F3 – December 2010

8. 8 Nationwide Differential GPS Expansion of maritime differential GPS (DGPS) network to cover terrestrial United States Built to international standard adopted in 50+ countries

9. 9 9 Transportation operational requirements: –Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) –on behalf of state and local DOT stakeholders –routine use in Federal-Aid Program –survey, construction, quality, asset management –roadside management –law enforcement –Association of American Railroads –baseline reference –National Governor’s Association –use by state DOTs, resource management agencies Terrestrial NDGPS Capabilities and Uses

10. 10 Other federal, state/local and private operational requirements: –Department of Agriculture/Department of Interior (NPS, USFS, BLM, etc.) –One meter real-time positioning and navigation –Fire management and safety –Department of Commerce (NOAA) –Continuously Operating Reference Stations –Severe weather forecasting –State, County and Local Governments –Departments of Transportation, Natural Resources, Environmental Protection, Agriculture, Parks –Private/Non-Profit Sector –U.S. GPS Industry Council –National Precision Farming Association –Professional Land Surveyors Terrestrial NDGPS Capabilities and Uses (2)

11. 11 Cooperation with Canada 16 U.S. and 11 Canadian DGPS sites cooperate for increased coverage along the border

12. 12 NDGPS in Dredging Army Corps of Engineers uses include: –Aids to Navigation –Underwater Surveying –Dredging (2 meter accuracy requirement)

13. 13 Precision Agriculture Maximize use of resources –Optimized plowing of crop rows –Tailored applications of seeds, fertilizer, water, pesticides –Improved management of land, machinery, personnel, time –Greater crop yields Minimize environmental impacts –Localized identification and treatment of distressed crops reduces chemical use –Precise leveling of fields prevents fluid runoff

14. 14 States and Local Governments – Public Safety Emergency response –Law Enforcement –Fire Fighting –Search and Rescue –Paramedics –Disaster Relief Transportation Management –Traffic operations systems –Public road inventory –Asset management –Snowplow guidance

15. 15 Severe Storm Forecasting NOAA’s Earth Systems Research Laboratory uses M/NDGPS data to estimate the amount of water vapor over the U.S. every 30 minutes –Used by weather forecasters to monitor rapidly changing conditions –This knowledge is critical for forecasting severe weather events such as tornados, hurricanes, thunderstorms, and snow storms –Used in several operational NOAA weather models

16. 16 Monitoring Space Weather NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center uses NDGPS data to map the spatial distribution of free electrons in the ionosphere, once every 15 minutes –The distribution of free electrons in the ionosphere affects HF radio communication and delays the arrival of GPS signals –Delay is interpreted as position errors, which can be as large as 100 meters in extreme cases –Solar storms proven to affect on-orbit satellite performance and transmissions, including GPS

17. 17 National Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) Enables highly accurate, 3-D positioning post-processed –1 – 10 cm-level precision in differential mode –Tied to National Spatial Reference System –Feeds into local RTNs (not competitive) 1,200+ sites operated by 200+ public, private, academic organizations NOAA’s Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) automatically processes coordinates submitted via the web from around the world OPUS-RS (Rapid Static) delivers results from user data sets as short as 15 minutes (post-processed)

18. 18 NOAA/National Geodetic Survey test-streaming NDGPS corrections to users over Internet –Improved civil sector customer service –Enabling technology for commercial services DHS expects NDGPS and CORS to be part of GPS Interference Detection and Monitoring (IDM) capability –Critical infrastructure protection beyond transportation –Could support a Nationwide Emergency Communications System DOT continuing to pursue potential high accuracy (HA-NDGPS) upgrade (1 cm accuracy) –Joint documentation meetings (DOT/FHWA, Coast Guard) –Depends upon requirements definition NDGPS Opportunities

19. 19 National GIS/Mapping Data and Metadata Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) –Geodata.gov shares GIS data, maps and online services Searches metadata in the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Clearinghouse –Develops framework, NSDI standards and training, projects –Geospatial One-Stop Portal and Geospatial Line of Business National Map/National Atlas State, County and Local Government Interest Pages RITA/Bureau of Transportation Statistics (RITA/BTS) –Transportation layers/FGDC Transportation Subcommittee –National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD) National States Geographic Information Council (NSGIC) –Transportation For the Nation –Coordinate/develop nationally significant geospatial transportation data

20. 20 IntelliDrive SM Safety Applications Leverage technology to make vehicles discoverable to other vehicles, infrastructure, and pedestrians Enable 360° situational awareness to the vehicle and driver