1. Clinical Audit as Evidence for Revalidation Dr David Scott, GMC Associate, Consultant Paediatrician and Clinical Lead for Children’s Services, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust and Former Chairman BMA CC Medical Managers Sub- committee

2. Topics to be Covered assessing the evidence for revalidation: how much of the information should be provided by the Trust and how much by the individual how do you evidence both participation and reflection on clinical audit findings?

3. Topics to be Covered clinical auditing your practice to provide evidence for revalidation the role of clinical audit staff in supporting clinicians to prepare for revalidation supporting individuals to prepare for revalidation

4. Purpose of revalidation To confirm that licensed doctors practice in accordance with the GMC’s generic standards (relicensing) For doctors on specialist/GP register, to confirm that they meet the standards appropriate for their speciality (recertification) To identify for further investigation, and remediation, poor practice where local systems are not robust enough or do not exist

5. Clinical Audit A quality improvement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systematic review of care against explicit criteria and the implementation of change. Aspects of the structure, processes, and outcomes of care are selected and systematically evaluated against explicit criteria. Where indicated, changes are implemented at an individual, team, or service level and further monitoring is used to confirm improvement in healthcare delivery.

6. The Standards (Explicit Criteria) Professional – standards that are set for the profession that determine a registrant’s ‘fitness to practise’. Subjective – the patient’s point of view. Objective – those facts that are observable and measurable by a nurse or other clinician.

7. Good Medical Practice –Knowledge, skills and performance –Safety and quality –Communication, partnership and team work –Maintaining trust

9. Types of Supporting Information for Revalidation Continuing Professional Development Quality improvement activity Significant events Feedback from colleagues Feedback from patients (where applicable) Review of complaints and compliments

10. History of Audit 1956 - medical audit. 1989 - Kenneth Clarke, then Secretary of State for Health: “systematic, critical analysis of the quality of medical care, including the procedures used for diagnosis and treatment, the use of resources, and the resulting outcome and quality of life for the patient.”

11. Clinical Audit Project (1) 1.Registration of project –Agreement of criteria for comparison –Lead auditor should be named. –There should be an entry referring to the size of the impact, the trigger, and the desired performance, and a credible (named) source. –The presentation date and venue will be decided at this stage. –An audit reference number should be issued.

12. Clinical Audit Project (2) 2.Data are made available. The lead auditor should describe the methodology of inclusion and exclusion criteria and lost data. This technique should mirror the rigour of data handling in research projects. 3.Data analysis and interpretation. Statistical methodology should be made clear.

13. Clinical Audit Project (3) 4.Presentation of the project, with recommendations for implementation. 5.Trust certification of completed audit should be provided to all participants. 6.Incorporation of the findings from the project into a protocol should be considered. 7.Registration for re-auditing, as per (1.) above.

14. http://www.hqip.org.ukHealth Quality Improvement Partnership

15. Clinical Audit and Revalidation What activities can be considered clinical audit. Principles for the use of clinical audit in revalidation Criteria and key indicators for demonstrating involvement by a doctor in the process of clinical audit Criteria and key indicators for demonstrating reflection and action in response to the results of clinical audit Agree the criteria and indicators of a good clinical audit project.

17. Audit Standards - Revalidation Participation in High Quality Clinical Audit Reflection on the results of Clinical Audit Taking action on the results of Clinical Audit Academy of Medical Royal Colleges (2009)

21. Trust Audit Programme National Regional Local Departmental Individual

22. Audit Activity Audit meetings Mortality and morbidity meetings Serious case reviews Root cause analysis (RCA) Professional review meetings Risk management meetings National audits relating to your specialty Medical record audits Peer review

23. National Audit Projects

24. Medical Record Audit Tool

25. Evidence of participation ActivityStandardEvidence Attendance at meetingsAttend 2/3 meetingsMeeting Register Audit presentationPresentation at Audit Meeting Copy of presentation Medical record reviewRCP standardsAudit report Serious case reviewsInternal/external ‘experts’ Copies of anonymised minutes Peer reviewsNICE Guidance, Protocols & guidelines Extracts from reports Out-patient clinic review Peer opinionReflections on case discussions

26. Feedback from Colleagues

27. Feedback from Patients

29. Appraisal Discussion Standards Evidence Contributory factors Probity Improvement Personal development Remediation

30. Performance of Doctors Adapted from : Birch K, Scrivens E & Field S (1999)

31. Insight “I shut my eyes in order to see” Paul Gaughuin (1848- 1903)

32. The Role of Clinical Audit Staff Support and advice Manage database of clinical audits Arrange and support audit meetings Participate in networks

33. Support for Revalidation Activity data Outcome data Complication rates Mortality & morbidity data Serious incidents Patient satisfaction data

34. Conclusion Participation in an enhanced appraisal process combined with effective audit of your clinical practice should satisfy and reassure patients, lead to greater job satisfaction and a recommendation for revalidation.

35. Future Reading Academy of Medical Royal Colleges. Clinical Audit and Revalidation - Report and Recommendations. https://www.p-cat.org.uk/downloads/Clinical-Audit- Revalidation.pdf https://www.p-cat.org.uk/downloads/Clinical-Audit- Revalidation.pdf Royal College of Physicians. What is meant by ‘clinical audit’ for the purposes of revalidation? http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/faqs/what-meant-clinical- audit-purposes-revalidation http://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/faqs/what-meant-clinical- audit-purposes-revalidation