2. 7.3 – Cell Structures & Organelles
State Standard
SB1a
Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis & cell reproduction.

3. Plasma (Cell) Membrane
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Plasma (Cell) Membrane
Function: controls what comes into & what goes out of the cell
Structure: Semi-permeable phospholipid bi-layer

4. Cytoplasm Substance between the plasma membrane & nucleus
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Cytoplasm
Substance between the plasma membrane & nucleus
Includes cytosol (liquid), organelles, cytoskeleton, & various particles

5. Cytoskeleton Made of microtubules & microfilaments
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Cytoskeleton
Made of microtubules & microfilaments
Structural support & transport mechanism

6. Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center” Function: holds the DNA Parts:
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Nucleus
Nickname: “The Control Center”
Function: holds the DNA
Parts:
Nucleolus: dark spot in the middle of the nucleus that helps make ribosomes
Nuclear Envelope – covers
the nucleus – has tiny pores

7. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Animal Cell
Go to Section:

8. Ribosomes Function: make proteins
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Ribosomes
Function: make proteins
Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic

9. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Animal Cell
Go to Section:

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Nickname: “Roads”
Function: The internal delivery system of the cell

11. Rough ER: Smooth ER: Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types:
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum
2 Types:
Rough ER:
Rough appearance because it has ribosomes
Function: site of protein synthesis - that’s why it has ribosomes
Smooth ER:
NO ribosomes
Function: makes lipids

12. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Complex
Animal Cell
Go to Section:

13. Golgi Apparatus/Body/Complex
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Golgi Apparatus/Body/Complex
Nickname: The shippers
Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell
Appearance: stack of pancakes
Hint: Golgi begins w/ G. G is for Gift. We wrap a gift in a package before we send it.

14. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Animal Cell
Go to Section:

15. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes
Nickname: “Clean-up Crew”
Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells
Hint: “Lyso-Lysol” – Lysol products are for cleaning
***only found in
animal cells***

16. Animal Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Animal Cell

17. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy formation
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Mitochondria
Nickname: “The Powerhouse”
Function: Energy formation
Breaks down food to make ATP
ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy

18. Animal Cell 7.3 Structures and Organelles Cytoplasm Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Mitochondria
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Bodies
Animal Cell

19. Centrioles Found in animal cells & most protist cells Occur in pairs
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Centrioles
Found in animal cells & most protist cells
Occur in pairs
Function: important for cell division

20. Short, numerous projections that look like hairs
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Cilia
Short, numerous projections that look like hairs
400x
Flagella
Longer and less numerous than cilia
Create movement with a whiplike motion
26,367x

21. Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!!

22. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Cell Membrane
Plant Cell
Go to Section:

23. 7.3 Structures and Organelles
Large Vacuole
Function: stores water

24. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Plant Cell
Go to Section:

25. 7.3 Structures and Organelles
Chloroplast
Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell
Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

26. Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
7.3 Structures and Organelles
Section 7-2
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Plant Cell
Go to Section:

27. 7.3 Structures and Organelles
Cell Wall
Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane
Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells

28. Plant Cell 7.3 Structures and Organelles Cytoplasm Vacuole Smooth ER
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Rough ER
Plant Cell

29. Comparing Plant and Animal Cells

30. 7.3 Structures and Organelles
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Structures and Organelles

31. 7.3 Structures and Organelles
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Structures and Organelles

32. Which cell organelles are directly involved with
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Chapter Diagnostic Questions
Which cell organelles are directly involved with
the production of proteins?
ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus
cell membrane, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
nucleus, centriole, vacuole
endoplasmic reticulum, cilia, mitochondrion

33. Which organelle is similar to the section of a
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Formative Questions
Which organelle is similar to the section of a
factory that organizes, boxes, and ships the
final product?
chloroplast
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion

34. In which structure is light energy captured and
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
7.3 Formative Questions
In which structure is light energy captured and
converted to chemical energy?
chloroplast
lysosome
nucleus
vacuole

35. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells.
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Chapter Assessment Questions
Compare and contrast plant and animal cells.
Answer: Plant cells have both cell walls and
chloroplasts. Animal cells do not have
these structures. Only animal cells contain
lysosomes. Both plant and animal cells
have plasma membranes, a nucleus,
mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi apparatus, centrioles, a
nucleolus, ribosomes, and a cytoskeleton.

36. Muscle cells require a great amount of energy.
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Standardized Test Practice
Muscle cells require a great amount of energy.
Which would you expect to find in large
numbers in muscle cells?
centrioles
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
ribosomes

37. In what type of cell would you most likely
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Standardized Test Practice
In what type of cell would you most likely
expect to find numerous lysosomes?
a plant cell that stores food, enzymes,
or other materials
a plant cell that uses light energy for
photosynthesis

38. In what type of cell would you most likely
Chapter 7
Cellular Structure and Function
Standardized Test Practice
In what type of cell would you most likely
expect to find numerous lysosomes?
a single-celled organism that moves
around its environment
a white blood cell that digests bacteria
and viruses