1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 1 Project:IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: FM-UWB for Wearable BAN Date Submitted: 20 January, 2009 Source: John F.M. Gerrits & John R. Farserotu CSEM Systems Engineering Jaquet Droz 1, CH2002 Neuchatel, Switzerland Voice: +41 32 720 56 52, FAX: +41 32 720 57 20, E-Mail: john.gerrits@csem.ch Re:This document is CSEMs response to the Call For Proposal from the IEEE P802.15 Task Group 6 on BAN. Abstract:This document presents FM-UWB: a constant envelope LDR UWB air interface for short range BAN applications. Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 2 FM-UWB Alliance CSEM, Neuchâtel, Switzerland John F.M. Gerrits, Dr. John R. Farserotu, Jérôme Rousselot NXP Semiconductors, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Gerrit van Veenendaal ACORDE TECHNOLOGIES S.A., Santander, Spain Dr. Manuel Lobeira TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands Prof. John R. Long

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 3 Presentation Outline 1.Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 4 Wearable Medical BAN applications MBAN Bio-Medical –EEG Electroencephalography –ECG Electrocardiogram –EMG Electromyography (muscular) –Blood pressure –Blood SpO2 –Blood pH –Glucose sensor –Respiration –Temperature –Fall detection Sports performance –Distance –Speed –Posture (Body Position) –Sports training aid

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEMSlide 5 Key Wearable Medical BAN requirements ParameterMedical BAN requirement Coexistence and Robustness Good (low interference to other systems, high tolerance to interference) SAR Regulations< 1.6 mW (US) / < 20 mW (EU) QoS (Medical BAN)PER < 10%, delay < 125 ms Data Rates10 kbps to 10 Mbps Power ConsumptionLow, autonomy > 1 year (e.g. with 1% duty cycle, MAC sleep modes, 500 mAh battery) ReliabilityRobust to multipath interference, > 95% link success/availability Insertion/de-insertion< 3 seconds Transmission range> 3 m

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 6 1.Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype Outline

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 7 Sub carrier Transmitter architecture Spreading BW: 30 - 250 kbps 60 - 500 kHz > 500 MHz freq: baseband 1 - 4 MHz 6 - 9 GHz Modulation FSK FM RF Data An analog FM signal may have any bandwidth independent of modulation frequency or bit rate. This is analog spread spectrum. 50 W RF

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 8 FM-UWB Transmitter Signal Flat power spectral density Steep spectral roll-off Good coexistence SAR compliant

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 9 1.Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Link Margin, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype Outline

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 10 Instantaneous despreading BW: > 500 MHz 60 - 500 kHz 30 - 250 kbps freq: 6 - 9 GHz 1 - 4 MHz baseband FSK demodulation RF Data Sub-carrier Receiver architecture

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 11 Receiver processing gain G PdB = 30 dB @ R = 250 kbps G PdB = 39 dB @ R = 31.25 kbps Only noise/interference in the subcarrier banwidth is taken into account. This bandwidth reduction after the wideband FM demodulator yields real processing gain: Processing gain increases for lower bit rates: Processing gain mitigates Multiple-access interference Frequency-selective multipath Interference

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 12 Link Margin: Required RF SNR SNR MIN = -7dB for BER 1x10 -6 at 250 kbps [Eurasip 2005]

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 13 Link Margin: Received signal at 3 meters. P RX (3m) = -74 dBm d = 3m f = 7.5 GHz = 4 cm

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 14 Link Margin: Receiver Input Noise and SNR SNR MIN = -7dB 9 dB of theoretical link margin, leaving room for practical implementation loss. P N = -174 +10log 10 (500x10 6 )+5 = -82 dBm B RF = 500 MHz NF RX = 5 dB P RX (3m) = -74 dBm SNR RF (3m) = 12 dB -

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 15 Robustness to frequency-selective multipath CM3CM4 [ICUWB 2007]

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 16 Robustness to narrowband interference In-band narrowband interference up to 15 dB stronger than the wanted signal is tolerated. FM-UWB Interferer

17. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 17 PHY Synchronization Synchronization like a narrowband FSK system CSMA: listen before transmit Start of transmissionReceiver synchronized < 400 s synchronization time

18. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 18 1.Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype Outline

19. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 19 WiseMAC-HA Star or mesh topology No. of devices is scalable (traffic limited e.g. 6 to 256) Robust and reliable: DAA Ability to decide on efficient modes changes (Low Power WiseMAC or High Throughput CSMA) Sensor (LP) Sink

20. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 20 Frequency Management RF FDMA is used to further increase capacity ChannelN RF RF center frequency H1H1 1006400 MHz H2H2 1096976 MHz H3H3 1187552 MHz H4H4 1278128 MHz H5H5 1368704 MHz

21. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 21 1.Wearable MBAN Applications & Requirements 2. Regulations, Coexistence, SAR 3. QoS, Robustness 4. Medium Access Control 5. Hardware Prototype Outline

22. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 22 Todays FM-UWB High Band Prototype IC

23. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 23

24. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 24 Prototype Characteristics RF center frequency6.4 – 8.7 GHz RF bandwidth500 MHz RF output power-15 dBm Subcarrier frequency1 - 2 MHz Subcarrier modulationFSK Raw bit rate< 250 kbps Receiver sensitivity< -85 dBm TX, RX switching time < 100 s RX synchronization time < 400 s Power consumption15 mW Rx 5.5 mW Tx (*) Transmitter P TX 5.5 mW RF VCO2.5 mW RF Output stage2.0 mW DDS1.0 mW Receiver P RX 15 mW Low Noise Amplifier5.0 mW Wideband FM Demodulator4.0 mW Subcarrier processing5.0 mW DDS1.0 mW (*): First Generation Multi-chip set Target power consumption 4 mW Tx, 8 mW Rx

25. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 25 Final Product Size, Complexity Product size limited by antenna and battery Low Complexity [1], Small Chip Area 20 x 20 mm

26. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEMSlide 26 Possible ways of merging with other radios At the PHY level: exploit common radio front-end blocks TX RF VCO, output stage RX LNA, downconversion mixer At the MAC level: Common MAC LDR FM-UWB and MDR (IR/DS) radio FM-UWB 7.25-8.5 GHz, Narrowband 2.4 MHz At the system level: e.g. common control Low power, yet robust FM-UWB control

27. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 27 Concluding remarks Good co-existence with existing air interfaces Robustness interference, multipath Spectral properities flatness, spectral roll-off Simple radio architecture no frequency conversion relaxed HW specifications enable low power consumption fast synchronization FM-UWB is a true low-complexity LDR UWB radio technology designed to meet the requirements for Wearable Medical BAN and compatible with requirements of other standardization bodies, e.g., ETSI eHealth.

28. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 John F.M. Gerrits / John R. Farserotu, CSEMSlide 28 Annex

29. doc.: IEEE 802.15-09-0054-00-0006 Submission January, 2009 Slide 29 References [TCAS2008] John F.M. Gerrits, John R. Farserotu and John R. Long, "Low-Complexity Ultra Wideband Communications", IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II, Vol. 55, No. 4, April 2008, pp. 329 - 333. [ICUWB2007] John F.M. Gerrits, John R. Farserotu and John R. Long, "Multipath Behavior of FM-UWB Signals", ICUWB2007, Singapore, September 2007. [TG6_2007]John F.M. Gerrits, and John R. Farserotu, "FM-UWB: A Low Complexity Constant Envelope LDR UWB Communication System", IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), 16 - 20 July 2007, San Francisco, California, USA, doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0778-04-0ban. [EURASIP2005] John F.M. Gerrits, Michiel H.L. Kouwenhoven, Paul R. van der Meer, John R. Farserotu, John R. Long, Principles and Limitations of Ultra Wideband FM Communications Systems, EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Volume 2005, Number 3, 1 March 2005, pp. 382 - 396.