1. EXPATRIATES - LOCALS Finding the right mix in ambition, skills and localization By: Ali Saleem – MSc in HRM for Hospitality Industry Mauroof Mohamed – BA in HRM

2. Generally, companies may have three methods of staffing: Ethnocentric Approach - filling positions with parent company nationals Polycentric Approach – host country nationals employed Geocentric Approach – any national with the correct qualifications and experience is hired to fill the position.

3. The right mix ? So, what do we want: ▫More locals than expatriates? ▫Equal amount of locals and expatriates? ▫More local managers? ▫More locals for front line? ▫More locals at HR jobs or Finance?

4. We should be careful? Foreign investments in the Maldives GATS – General Agreement on Trade in Service Need to run a successful business Business is about efficiency and profitability and social responsibilities

5. Why we worry so much about expatriates? ▫Expatriate spill-over ▫Irritation ▫Negative Socio-Cultural impact ▫Negative economic impacts

6. HOWEVERE ……. Our aim should be to learn from the expatriates and help them to adopt Even most experienced countries has problems with expatriates

7. Expats love Singapore, but don’t mix much HSBC Bank International surveyed more than 3,100 expatriates in 26 countries. Expats in Singapore did not prioritize socializing with local people and it came 24th out of 26th for expats choosing to join a community group and 18th in terms of the ease of making local friends," says the report.

8. Major issues Localization SelectionInductionTraining Work Force Development Training Understanding the right to work and earn a decent living Establish a work culture

9. Failure in Localization Failure in Work force development Expatriate & Local employment problems

10. Possible remedies – Local labor force development Modern apprenticeship Basic skill level apprenticeships Management Apprenticeships and Traineeships Springboard activities – inspire career in hospitality Education Training Inspire Competitions Career guidance Industry exposure Financing

11. Possible remedies – Localization Selection Motivation Health Language ability Family consideration Resourcefulness & initiatives Induction & Training Take part in cultural programs Visit local Islands as a part of community induction Government mandatory programs or requirements

12. Typical program for expatriates may include: ▫Cross cultural training, ▫Language training, ▫Documentary and practical information on the new location, ▫Sensitivity training, ▫Arrival orientation, ▫Field trips where possible, ▫The appointment of a mentor..

13. Government & Private Sector partnership Initiatives Stop brain drain ▫Example - TOKTEN (Transfer of Knowledge Through Expatriate Nationals) Program ▫ILO program ▫Objectives:  Reduce the impact of brain drain by utilizing the services of highly qualified national expatriates  Transfer the latest know-how and cutting edge technology through national professionals working in the developed world.  Promote institutional capacity-building through technical expertise and policy advice.

14. Government & Private Sector partnership Initiatives Annual HR Conference Annually all Hospitality HR managers come together, meet and discuss pressing issues and submit outcomes of the meeting to the government policy formulation considerations

15. Government & Private Sector partnership Initiatives Internet based HR forum Device and manage an online forum to continually seek inputs from involved in the industry in relation to HR issues

16. Government & Private Sector partnership Initiatives National HR Managers’ Guild (Maldives Hospitality Human Resource Managers’ Club to manage industry initiatives collectively) ▫Produce various research reports on human resources such as:  Recruitment, retention, turnover  Reward management  Trends in learning, training and development  Performance management  Satisfaction and motivation surveys etc.

17. A total solution LOCAL EMPLOYMENT ISSUES SOLVED NATURALLY Solve workforce development issues Solve Localization problem