1. The Postwar Years at Home Chapter 27

2. Businesses Reorganize Per capita income up Per capita income up GNP doubles GNP doubles Economic growth Economic growth Conglomerates – Large corporations that owns smaller ones (ATT) Conglomerates – Large corporations that owns smaller ones (ATT) Franchises – right to open business under parent company Franchises – right to open business under parent company Ray Kroc – mass produces hamburgers – rise of fast food industry! Ray Kroc – mass produces hamburgers – rise of fast food industry!

3. Technology Transforms Life Television ABC, CBS, and NBC I Love Lucy, Mickey Mouse Club Computers – developed during war Transistor – circuit device Reduced size of machines Nuclear Power - electricity Advances in Medicine Polio vaccine – Jonas Salk Antibiotics - bacteria Surgery – new techniques

4. Workforce, Suburbs, Highways White collar jobs – switch service industries White collar jobs – switch service industries Baby boom Baby boom Moving to the Suburbs Moving to the Suburbs GI Bill – College & low interest loans for houses GI Bill – College & low interest loans for houses Levittowns – suburban “cloned” homes Levittowns – suburban “cloned” homes Cars and Highways Cars and Highways Interstate Highway Act 1956 Interstate Highway Act 1956 Credit Cards – status symbol; consumer goods again Credit Cards – status symbol; consumer goods again

5. The Mood of the 1950’s Comfort and Security Youth Culture – silent generation; carefree A Resurgence of Religion Response to “godless” communism Billy Graham Women – support role, raise children, in suburbia w/new ovens Men – work and support the family Dr. Benjamin Spock – child rearing; importance of Mother Betty Friedan – The Feminine Mystique – challenged roles

6. Challenges to Conformity Rock and Roll – Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Bill Haley Rock and Roll – Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Bill Haley Elvis Presley Elvis Presley Beatniks – rebelled against conformity; rebellious Beatniks – rebelled against conformity; rebellious Jack Kerouac Jack Kerouac

7. Domestic Politics and Policy Truman Truman People wanted goods, wage hikes People wanted goods, wage hikes Took steps against labor Took steps against labor Taft-Hartley Act – 80 day cooling off period Taft-Hartley Act – 80 day cooling off period Fair Deal – extension of New Deal – p. 780 Fair Deal – extension of New Deal – p. 780 Reelected in 1948 Reelected in 1948 Ike – 1952 – K1,C2 (Korea, Communism, Corruption) Ike – 1952 – K1,C2 (Korea, Communism, Corruption) Nixon VP – cut spending, reduce gov., reduce taxes, “modern republicanism” Nixon VP – cut spending, reduce gov., reduce taxes, “modern republicanism” Checkers speech Checkers speech

8. Demands for Civil Rights Truman – active in civil rights, banned discrimination in hiring; met opposition Jackie Robinson Brown v. Board of Ed. 1954 Montgomery bus boycott; Rosa Parks Little Rock; Gov. Faubus posted national guard troops at school to prevent integration Eisenhower places them under federal control.