1. Overview of the Aging Population Josephine Gittler Wiley B. Rutledge Professor of Law Colloquium The Aging Population, Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias: Law & Public Policy University of Iowa College of Law January 12, 2012 1

2. Growth in the Aging Population 2

3. In 2009: The number of persons 65+ was 39.6 million, or 12.9% of the total population. From 2010-2050: It’s projected that persons 65+ will more than double from 40.2 million, or 13% of the total population, to 88.5 million, or 20.2% of the total population. 3 Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging, A Profile of Older Americans: 2010 (2011).

4. Growth in the Aging Population  The “oldest old”, 85+ are the fastest growing segment of the population  From 2010-2050, it is projected that the “oldest old” will more than triple, from 5.7 million, or 14% of the population 65 and older, to 19 million, or 21% of the population 65 and older. 4 Source: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging, A Profile of Older Americans: 2010 (2011).

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6. 6 Source: Finney, Daniel P. (2011, Dec. 1). Iowa near front of U.S. senior population boom, Des Moines Register.

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8. Increasing Life Expectancy 1900 47.3 years 8 2009 78.02 years

9. Growth in Aging Population: The Baby Boomers (born between 1946-1964) 9

10. Baby Boomers Are Aging 77.3 million baby boomers started turning 65 in 2011. 10

11. Aging Patterns by Gender and Race 11

12. 12 Source: G RAYSON K. V INCENT & V ICTORIA A V ELKOFF, U.S. C ENSUS B UREAU, T HE N EXT F OUR D ECADES : T HE O LDER P OPULATION IN THE U NITED S TATES 2010 TO 2050, P OPULATION E STIMATES AND P ROJECTIONS (2010).

13. 13 Source: W AN H E & M ARK N. M UENCHRATH, N ATIONAL I NSTITUTE ON A GING & U.S. C ENSUS B UREAU, 90+ IN THE U NITED S TATES : 2006-2008, A MERICAN C OMMUNITY S URVEY R EPORTS (2011). Source: G RAYSON K. V INCENT & V ICTORIA A V ELKOFF, U.S. C ENSUS B UREAU, T HE N EXT F OUR D ECADES : T HE O LDER P OPULATION IN THE U NITED S TATES 2010 TO 2050, P OPULATION E STIMATES AND P ROJECTIONS (2010).

14. Dependency Ratios 14

15. 15 Old-age dependency Youth dependency Dependency Ratios for the United States: 2010 to 2050 37 45 22 28 35 37 4648 67 74 83 85 2050201020202030 2040 Note: Total dependency=((Population under age 20 + Population aged 65 years and over) / (Population aged 20 to 64 years)) * 100. Old-age dependency = (Population aged 65 years and over / Population aged 20 to 64 years) * 100. Youth dependency = (Population under age 20 / Population aged 20 to 64 years) * 100. Source: G RAYSON K. V INCENT & V ICTORIA A V ELKOFF, U.S. C ENSUS B UREAU, T HE N EXT F OUR D ECADES : T HE O LDER P OPULATION IN THE U NITED S TATES 2010 TO 2050, P OPULATION E STIMATES AND P ROJECTIONS (2010).

16. Effects of Aging 16

17. The Aging Population: Chronic Diseases & Disabilities  Chronic disease and disability take a disproportionate toll on the elderly  Most older people have at least one chronic disease, e.g. heart disease, cancer, or diabetes.  Physical disabilities increase with age, e.g. vision, hearing, and mobility impairments.  Older persons, particularly the “oldest old” are at risk for Alzheimer’s and other dementias. 17 Sources: Federal Interagency Forum on Age Related Statistics. (2011). Older Americans 2010, Key Indicators of Well-Being. U.S. Administration on Aging. (n.d.). A Profile of Older Americans: 2010.

18. Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults: Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias 18  As the population ages, the number of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias is predicted to increase.  Dementia is a group of symptoms affecting the intellectual and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily functioning.  Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia.

19. 19  Dementia is not a normal part of aging. But risk of dementia increases with advancing age.  Most persons with dementia are aged 65 and older  1 of 8 individuals 65 years of age and older have Alzheimer’s disease.  Nearly one-half of people over 85 years have dementia. Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults: Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias Sources: Alzheimer’s Association. (n.d.). Risk Factors.; Alzheimer’s Association. (2011). 2011 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures.

20. 20 In 2011,  An estimated 5.4 million persons of all ages, and 5.2 million persons aged 65 and older had Alzheimer’s  1 in 8 persons aged 65 and older have Alzheimer’s  Nearly one half of persons aged 85 and older have Alzheimer’s  Alzheimer’s disease is the 6 th leading cause of death nationwide and the 5 th leading cause of death in Iowa. Cognitive Impairment Among Older Adults: Alzheimer’s and Other Dementias Sources: Alzheimer’s Association. (n.d.). Risk Factors.; Alzheimer’s Association. (2011). 2011 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and Figures.

21. The Aging Population: Functional and Cognitive Limitations  As a result of chronic diseases and disabilities, a substantial proportion of the aging population, especially the “oldest old” have functional and cognitive limitations.  Functional and cognitive limitations may result in an inability to perform or difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). 21

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23. For Further Information: 23 Professor Josephine Gittler 412 Boyd Law Building University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242 josephine-gittler@uiowa.edu josephine-gittler@uiowa.edu (319) 335-9046