1. Chemical Names and Formulae SNC1P Mr. M. Couturier

2. Chemical Names IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which sets the standards of chemistry, which includes naming chemicals. IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry which sets the standards of chemistry, which includes naming chemicals.

3. A few definitions A binary compound is a compound that contains two different elements. A binary compound is a compound that contains two different elements. A polyatomic ion consists of two or more different non-metal atoms, which are joined by covalent bonds. A polyatomic ion consists of two or more different non-metal atoms, which are joined by covalent bonds.

4. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds When naming a compound with a metal and a non-metal, you must: When naming a compound with a metal and a non-metal, you must: Name the metal first Name the metal first Name the non-metal next but add the suffix –ide. Name the non-metal next but add the suffix –ide.

5. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Complete the chemical compound using electron diagrams and then name it. Examples: Complete the chemical compound using electron diagrams and then name it. Na and Cl: Na and Cl: K and S: K and S: Mg and N: Mg and N: Li and C: Li and C: Ca and Br: Ca and Br: Ba and F: Ba and F:

6. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Examples: Na and Cl:NaClsodium chloride Na and Cl:NaClsodium chloride K and S:K 2 Spotassium sulfide K and S:K 2 Spotassium sulfide Mg and N:Mg 3 N 2 magnesium nitride Mg and N:Mg 3 N 2 magnesium nitride Li and C:Li 4 Clithium carbide Li and C:Li 4 Clithium carbide Ca and Br:CaBr 2 calcium bromide Ca and Br:CaBr 2 calcium bromide Ba and F:BaF 2 barium fluoride Ba and F:BaF 2 barium fluoride

7. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds Note that regardless of the number of atoms present, the name of the compound is simply named by the metal and the non-metal (with the –ide suffix). However, this is only true when dealing with metals that are only willing to give a specific number of electrons. For example, calcium always gives 2 electrons. However, this is not always the case with transition metals. Note that regardless of the number of atoms present, the name of the compound is simply named by the metal and the non-metal (with the –ide suffix). However, this is only true when dealing with metals that are only willing to give a specific number of electrons. For example, calcium always gives 2 electrons. However, this is not always the case with transition metals.

8. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds When looking at the periodic table you will note that there is an “ionic charge” listed. For example, Fe can sometimes give 2 electrons (forming the cation Fe 2+ ) and sometimes it gives 3 electrons (forming the cation Fe 3+ ). When looking at the periodic table you will note that there is an “ionic charge” listed. For example, Fe can sometimes give 2 electrons (forming the cation Fe 2+ ) and sometimes it gives 3 electrons (forming the cation Fe 3+ ).

9. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds ElementCation Preferred Name Other Name Copper Cu + Copper (I) Cuprous Cu 2+ Copper (II) Cupric Iron Fe 2+ Iron (II) Ferrous Fe 3+ Iron (III) Ferric Lead Pb 2+ Lead (II) Plumbous Pb 4+ Lead (IV) Plumbic Mercury Hg + Mercury (I) Mercurous Hg 2+ Mercury (II) Mercuric Tin Sn 2+ Tin (II) Stannous Sn 4+ Tin (IV) Stannic

10. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Given the cation, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Examples: Given the cation, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Fe 2+ and S: Fe 2+ and S: Cu 2+ and N: Cu 2+ and N: Fe 2+ and F: Fe 2+ and F: Fe 3+ and F: Fe 3+ and F: Hg + and Br: Hg + and Br: Hg 2+ and Br: Hg 2+ and Br:

11. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Given the cation, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Examples: Given the cation, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Fe 2+ and S: FeS iron (II) sulfide or ferrous sulfide Fe 2+ and S: FeS iron (II) sulfide or ferrous sulfide Cu 2+ and N: Cu 3 N 2 copper (II) nitride or cupric nitride Cu 2+ and N: Cu 3 N 2 copper (II) nitride or cupric nitride Fe 2+ and F: FeF 2 iron (II) fluoride or ferrous fluoride Fe 2+ and F: FeF 2 iron (II) fluoride or ferrous fluoride Fe 3+ and F: FeF 3 iron (III) fluoride or ferric fluoride Fe 3+ and F: FeF 3 iron (III) fluoride or ferric fluoride Hg + and Br: Hg 2 Br 2 mercury (I) bromide or mercurous bromide Hg + and Br: Hg 2 Br 2 mercury (I) bromide or mercurous bromide Hg 2+ and Br: HgBr 2 mercury (II) bromide or mercuric bromide Hg 2+ and Br: HgBr 2 mercury (II) bromide or mercuric bromide

12. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds TRICK: The suffix –ous is used for the lower charge whereas the suffix –ic is used for the higher charge. TRICK: The suffix –ous is used for the lower charge whereas the suffix –ic is used for the higher charge.

13. Metal+Non-Metal Compounds ElementCation Preferred Name Other Name Copper Cu + Copper (I) Cuprous Cu 2+ Copper (II) Cupric Iron Fe 2+ Iron (II) Ferrous Fe 3+ Iron (III) Ferric Lead Pb 2+ Lead (II) Plumbous Pb 4+ Lead (IV) Plumbic Mercury Hg + Mercury (I) Mercurous Hg 2+ Mercury (II) Mercuric Tin Sn 2+ Tin (II) Stannous Sn 4+ Tin (IV) Stannic

14. Non-Metal Compounds When naming a compound with a non-metals you must: When naming a compound with a non-metals you must: Name the leftmost element first Name the leftmost element first Add the suffix –ide to the next element Add the suffix –ide to the next element Add Greek prefixes for the numbers of atoms (except if the first element only has one) Add Greek prefixes for the numbers of atoms (except if the first element only has one)

15. Greek class NumberGreek 1mono 2di 3tri 4tetra 5penta 6hexa 7hepta 8octa 9nona 10deca

16. Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Given the following non-metals, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Examples: Given the following non-metals, determine the compound formed as well as it name. NO NO N 2 O N 2 O NO 2 NO 2 N 2 O 5 N 2 O 5 N 2 O 3 N 2 O 3

17. Non-Metal Compounds Examples: Given the following non-metals, determine the compound formed as well as it name. Examples: Given the following non-metals, determine the compound formed as well as it name. NOnitrogen monoxide NOnitrogen monoxide N 2 O dinitrogen monoxide N 2 O dinitrogen monoxide NO 2 nitrogen dioxide NO 2 nitrogen dioxide N 2 O 5 dinitrogen pentoxide N 2 O 5 dinitrogen pentoxide N 2 O 3 dinitrogen trioxide N 2 O 3 dinitrogen trioxide

18. Polyatomic Ions When naming a compound with one or more polyatomic ions, you must: When naming a compound with one or more polyatomic ions, you must: Name the cation first Name the cation first Name the anion second Name the anion second

19. Polyatomic Ions NameIon Ammonium NH 4 + Hydronium H3O+H3O+H3O+H3O+ Bicarbonate HCO 3 - Cyanide CN - Hydrogen Sulfate HSO 4 - Hydroxide OH - Nitrate NO 3 - Nitrite NO 2 -

20. Polyatomic Ions Examples: Examples: Ammonium cyanide: Ammonium cyanide: [NH 4 + ] + [CN - ] [NH 4 + ] + [CN - ] (NH 4 )CN (NH 4 )CN Ammonium hydroxide: Ammonium hydroxide: [NH 4 + ] + [OH - ] [NH 4 + ] + [OH - ] (NH 4 )OH (NH 4 )OH

21. Polyatomic Ions Examples: Examples: Barium sulfate: Barium sulfate: [Ba 2+ ] + [SO 4 2- ] [Ba 2+ ] + [SO 4 2- ] BaSO 4 BaSO 4 Iron (II) nitrate OR ferrous nitrate Iron (II) nitrate OR ferrous nitrate [Fe 2+ ] + [NO 3 - ] [Fe 2+ ] + [NO 3 - ] Fe(NO 3 ) 2 Fe(NO 3 ) 2

22. Polyatomic Ions NameIon Ammonium NH 4 + Hydronium H3O+H3O+H3O+H3O+ Bicarbonate HCO 3 - Cyanide CN - Hydrogen Sulfate HSO 4 - Hydroxide OH - Nitrate NO 3 - Nitrite NO 2 -