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Ions and Ionic Bonding-Part II Compounds and Their Bonds Objectives: Writing Ionic Compounds Naming Ionic Formulas
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Ionic Compounds Formed by the attraction between cations and anions Electrons transfer from metals to nonmetals
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Formulas of Ionic Compounds Formulas of ionic compounds are determined from the charges on the ions new compounds are NEUTRAL atoms ions – Na + F : Na + : F : NaF sodium fluorine sodium fluoride formula Charge balance: 1+ 1- = 0
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Writing a Formula Write the formula for the ionic compound that will form between Ba 2+ and Cl . Solution: 1. Identify the charge of the ions 2. Write the positive ion and the negative ion until the charges equal zero Ba 2+ Cl Cl 3. Write the number of ions needed as subscripts in the chemical formulaBaCl 2
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Learning Check Write the correct formula for the compounds containing the following ions: A. Na +, S 2- 1) NaS 2) Na 2 S3) NaS 2 B. Al 3+, Cl - 1) AlCl 3 2) AlCl 3) Al 3 Cl C. Mg 2+, N 3- 1) MgN 2) Mg 2 N 3 3) Mg 3 N 2
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Solution A. Na +, S 2- 2) Na 2 S B. Al 3+, Cl - 1) AlCl 3 C. Mg 2+, N 3- 3) Mg 3 N 2 Al 3+ O 2– Al 2 O 3
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Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Name the metal first (standard element name) Name the nonmetal, using the suffix –ide to replace the last vowel of the nonmetal element name Ex: Chlorine Chloride Nitrogen Nitride Examples: NaClsodium chloride ZnI 2 zinc iodide Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide
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Learning Check Complete the names of the following binary compounds: Na 3 Nsodium ________________ KBrpotassium________________ Al 2 O 3 aluminum ________________ MgS_________________________
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Solution Complete the names of the following binary compounds: Na 3 Nsodium nitride KBrpotassium bromide Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide MgSmagnesium sulfide
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Transition Metals Many form 2 or more positive ions 1+ 2+ 1+ or 2+ 2+ or 3+ Ag + Cd 2+ Cu +, Cu 2+ Fe 2+, Fe 3+ silver cadmium copper(I) ion iron(II) ion ion ion copper (II) ion iron(III) ion
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Learning Check A. The formula for the ionic compound of Na + and O 2- is 1) NaO2) Na 2 O3) NaO 2 B. The formula of a compound of aluminum and chlorine is 1) Al 3 Cl2) AlCl 2 3) AlCl 3 C. The formula of Fe 3+ and O 2- is 1) Fe 3 O 2 2) FeO 3 3) Fe 2 O 3
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Solution A. The formula for the ionic compound of Na + and O 2- is 2) Na 2 O B. The formula of a compound of aluminum and chlorine is 3) AlCl 3 C. The formula of Fe 3+ and O 2- is 3) Fe 2 O 3
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Names of Variable Ions Use a roman number after the name of a metal that forms two or more ions Transition metals and the metals in groups 4A and 5A FeCl 3 (Fe 3+ ) iron (III) chloride CuCl (Cu + ) copper (I) chloride SnF 4 (Sn 4+ ) tin (IV) fluoride PbCl 2 (Pb 2+ )lead (II) chloride Fe 2 S 3 (Fe 3+ ) iron (III) sulfide
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Learning Check Complete the names of the following binary compounds with variable metal ions: FeBr 2 iron (_____) bromide Cu 2 Ocopper (_____) oxide SnCl 4 ___(_____ ) ______________ Fe 2 O 3 ________________________ CuS________________________
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Solution Complete the names of the following binary compounds with variable metal ions: FeBr 2 iron ( II ) bromide Cu 2 Ocopper ( I ) oxide SnCl 4 tin (IV) chloride Fe 2 O 3 iron (III) oxide CuScopper (II) sulfide
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Learning Check Name the following compounds: A. CaO 1) calcium oxide2) calcium(I) oxide 3) calcium (II) oxide B. SnCl 4 1) tin tetrachloride2) tin(II) chloride 3) tin(IV) chloride C. Co 2 O 3 1) cobalt oxide 2) cobalt (III) oxide 3) cobalt trioxide
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Solution Name the following compounds: A. CaO1) calcium oxide B. SnCl 4 3) tin(IV) chloride C.Co 2 O 3 2) cobalt (III) oxide
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