1. EDUCATION System in Pakistan1

2. Constitution of Pakistan2

3. Concurrent Legislative List:
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b
“The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period”
Concurrent Legislative List:
Curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy, centres of excellence, standard of education & Islamic education 3

4. Millennium Development Goals
(2001)
1. Ensuring that by 2015 all children, particularly girls, children in difficult circumstances and those belonging to ethnic minorities, have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality
2. Eliminating gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005, and achieving gender equality in education by 2015, with a focus on ensuring girls’ full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality 4

5. EDUCATION SCENARIO 5

6. Literacy Rates
47%
67%
Pakistan: 55%
Male: 67%
Female: 42%
28%
58%
67%
48%
Literacy Definition
(As in 1998 Census)
42%
58%
“The ability of a person who can read a newspaper and write a simple letter in any language”
55%
22%
67%
42% 6
Sources: Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) Survey

7. Educational Institutions by Level
Total
Public
Private
Pre-primary
1,081
287
794
Mosque school
14,123
14,035 88
Primary
122,349
105,526
16,823
Middle
38,449
14,334
24,115
Secondary
25,090
10,550
14,540
British System
281 11
270
NFBE
4,831
2,008
2,823
Inter & Degree Colleges
1,882
1,025
857
Universities
116 59 57
Technical/ Professional
1257
426
831
Vocational
3,059
916
2,143
Deeni Madaris
12,153
354
11,799
Others
3,120
2,241
879
TOTAL
227,791
151,772
(67%)
76,019
(33%) 7
Source: National Education Census 2006, GoP

8. Institutions by Medium of Instruction
Type
# of Institutions
Urdu
English
Sindhi
Others
Total
227,791
148065
(65%)
22779
(10%)
34168
(15%)
Public
151,744
103,186
(68%)
3,035
(2%)
33,384
(22%)
12,139
(8%)
Private
76,047
43,347
(57%)
21,293
(28%)
1,521
9,886
(13%)
Source: National Education Census 2006, GoP 8

9. Total schools upto Middle level
160,798
PAKISTAN
Missing Facilities
53,481
(33%)
46,766
(29%)
81,633
(50%)
9,776
(6%)
57,216
(35%)
No Boundary
Wall
No Drinking
Water
No Electricity
No Toilet
No Building 9
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006

10. EDUCATION BUDGET AS % AGE OF GDP (2005-06): SOUTH ASIA
Country
Percentage
Iran
4.7
India
3.8
Bangladesh
2.4
Maldives
7.5
Nepal
3.4
Pakistan
2.21 (05-06)
2.44(07-08)
Source: EFA Global Monitoring Report 2008 10

11. Education Policy 11

12. Challenges Weakened Governance Fragmentation
Lack of Clarity in Inter-Tier Relationships
Poor Quality of Teachers & Managers
Quality of curriculum, textbooks & exams
Low level of literacy
Out of school children
Dropouts
Public Private Partnership
In-adequate financing
Gender Equity
Poor monitoring & evaluation
Imbalance in primary, middle & secondary schools
Inconvenient school location 12

13. Public/ Govt Schools
There is a huge difference amongst public schools in cities, small towns and villages
Some of the public schools in big cities are well resourced . At the same time in smaller towns and village areas some schools might not have basic facilities like desks, books, blackboards, electricity, doors, windows, toilets, drinking water, playgrounds, 60 per cent have no boundary walls and 16 percent are without a building.

14. Public/ Govt Schools
Some of the major problems public schools face include
limited financial resources
poor quality of content and a greater demand for education amongst parents of school-aged children.
overcrowded and/or underfunded.
These issues have largely fuelled the revival of private schools in Pakistan.

15. Private schools There is a huge variety of private schools in Pakistan
Not all private schools are elite, some cater for middle class and some for the poorest of the population as well
Private schools have an advantage to add things to the curriculum ( things for students grooming that is not for assessment)
Even the best private/ public schools teach 80% theory and 20 %activity based learning

16. In most schools teaching is for assessments so how much the child has learned is not what is the main concern
Most schools promote rote learning
Most schools teach obsolete concepts and methods of teaching that are not effective. There are only a handful of schools private and public where students are given good education

17. Student to teacher ratio in average private schools 30:1, state schools 50:1

18. Students from PK studying abroad

19. According to UNESCO (2008)
Over that period there was a significant growth of two thirds from around 12,000 in 1999 to 21,000 in 2005.
These changes have been produced by a number of factors.
The domestic provision of places by Pakistani universities is well below the demand
There is also a shortage of applied master’s courses in the country.
An increasing proportion of the population is becoming more affluent, both within the country and among those living abroad, and they require access to overseas education for their children
There is pressure on students to obtain applied mater’s degree if they aim for employment in an increasingly competitive job market.(skill shortage summary here)

20. Some pictures

21. Campaign against use of plastic bags

22. Thank you