1. Content Standard 11- Animal Characteristics- Invertebrates
Biology AHSGE
Content Standard 11- Animal Characteristics- Invertebrates

2. Standard 11- Animal Characteristics
CONTENT STANDARD 11. Classify animals according to type of skeletal structure, method of fertilization and reproduction, body symmetry, body coverings, and locomotion.
ELIGIBLE CONTENT
A. Compare invertebrates and vertebrates.
B. Compare endoskeletons and exoskeletons.
C. Compare internal and external fertilization.
D. Compare sexual and asexual reproduction.
E. Compare bilateral and radial symmetry.
F. Classify animals according to type of skeletal structure.
G. Classify animals according to method of fertilization and reproduction.
H. Classify animals according to type of body symmetry.
I. Classify animals according to type of body coverings.
J. Classify animals according to type of locomotion.
K. Classify animals according to multiple physical characteristics.

3. The Animal Kingdom Multicellular with true tissues
Specialized eukaryotic cells
Muscular/nervous systems unique to animals
Have their own means of locomotion
Consumers- ingest food
1,326,239 classified species
9,812,298 total species

4. Invertebrate vs. Vertebrate
Invertebrates- Animals lacking a backbone
Phylum Porifera
Phylum Cnidaria/Coelenterata
Phylum Nematoda
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Phylum Annelida
Phylum Mollusca
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Arthropoda
Vertebrates- Animals with a true backbone
Phylum Chordata
Classes Agnatha, Osteichthyes, and Chondrichthyes
Class Amphibia
Class Reptilia
Class Aves
Class Mammalia

6. PHYLUM PORIFERA Sponges Asymmetrical- no symmetry
Covered with tiny openings, or pores, called ostia
Larger openings are called oscula
Sponges are sessile
Bodies completely lack symmetry
Skeleton made of spicules (endoskeleton)
Asexual reproduction (budding);Internal fertilization (sexual)

7. Phylum Porifera

8. Phylum Cnidaria/Coelenterata
This phylum includes:
Jellyfish
Hydra
Coral (Calcium carbonate exoskeleton)
Characteristics:
Radial symmetry
Medusa- Free-floating, umbrella-shaped body (Lack skeleton)
Polyp- Sessile, tube-like body
Tentacles- Arm-like projections covered in stinging cells (cnidocytes/nematocysts)
Asexual rep. (budding);External fertilization (Sexual)

9. Phylum Cnidaria/Coelenterata
Hydra (Top)
Jellyfish (Bottom)

10. Phylum Cnidaria/Coelenterata
Coral

11. Phylum Platyhelmithes
Flatworms
Liver Flukes, Planaria and tapeworms
Marine flatworms
Characteristics:
Ribbon-like bodies
Bilateral symmetry
Branched digestive system
No skeleton
Asexual (fission); Hermaphrodites (sexual)
Free movement
Skin breathing

12. Phylum Platyhelmithes
Tapeworm
Planaria

13. Phylum Platyhelminthes
Liver fluke

14. Phylum Platyhelminthes
Marine flatworm

15. Phylum Nematoda Roundworms Ascaris, Trichinella and hookworms
Characteristics:
Flattened bodies
Bilateral symmetry
Many are parasites
Fluid-filled body cavity called a pseudocoelem
Digestive tube
No skeleton
Sexual reproduction (Internal fertilization)
Free movement
Skin breathinig

16. Phylum Nematoda
Ascaris
Trichinella

17. Trichinosis Trichinella spiralis is found in pork
Trichinosis is a disease caused by the Trichinella worm.
Eggs hatch in the host’s gut
Symptoms:
Diarrhea
Fever
Muscle pain
Death

18. Hookworms Hookworms attach to the inside of the digestive tract
Often found in pets
Hookworms

19. Phylum Annelida Segmented worms Crop and gizzard digestion
Bilateral symmetry
Internal fertilization (sexual)
Hydrostatic endoskeleton
Muscular movement
Skin breathing
Leeches
Used to be used in medicine to clean blood
Earthworms
Benefits:
Aerate the soil
Provide nutrients to the soil

20. Phylum Annelida
Earthworm
Leech

21. Phylum Annelida
Marine segmented worm

22. Phylum Echinodermata Marine animals Radial symmetry
Endoskeleton of ossicles
Water-vascular system for movement
Spicules- spike-like projections
Tube feet- suction cups
External fertilization (sexual)

23. Phylum Echinodermata Types of Echinoderms: Sand dollars Sea urchins
Sea cucumbers
Sea stars (starfish)

24. Phylum Echinodermata
Sea Urchin
Sea star (starfish)

25. Phylum Echinodermata
Sand dollar
Sea cucumber

26. Phylum Mollusca Soft-bodied animals Bilateral symmetry
Visceral mass- Central mass containing organs
Mantle- Outer layer of the body
No skeleton
Radula- Tongue-like organ
Foot (Pseudopodium)- Used for locomotion
Many have a shell to protect the soft body
Univalve- One-part shell
Bivalve- Two-part shell
Sexual (external and internal fertilization)

27. Phylum Mollusca Types of Molluscs Oysters Clams Mussells Snails
Octopus
Squid

28. Phylum Mollusca
Oysters
Clams

29. Mussells
Phylum Mollusca

30. Phylum Mollusca
Snail
Octopus
Ink- chemical defense

31. Phylum Mollusca
Squid

32. Phylum Arthropoda Animals with: Exoskeleton Bilateral symmetry
Jointed legs- Bendable
Compound eyes- Many lenses
Molting- shedding exoskeleton to grow
Malpighian tubules: function much like kidneys/silk
Segmented bodies
Head
Thorax
Abdomen
Cephalothorax- fused head and thorax
External and internal fertilization

33. Phylum Arthropoda Class Crustacea- Five pairs of legs
Class Insecta- Three pairs of legs
Class Arachnida- Four pairs of legs
Class Chilopoda- One pair of legs per segment
Class Diploda- Two pair of legs per segment

34. Class Crustacea
Barnacle Alaskan King Crab

35. Class Crustacea
Lobster Shrimp

36. Class Crustacea
Crawfish
Crayfish

37. Class Insecta
Ant
Cricket

38. Class Insecta Grasshopper Societal insects(Hierarchy):
Ants, bees, wasps, hornets, and termites
Division of labor
Castes- Roles played by individuals

39. Class Insecta
Left- Fly
Right- Hornet

40. Metamorphosis
Complete metamorphosis- Adult lays eggs, eggs hatch into a larvae, larvae develops into a pupa and surrounds itself with a chrysalis/cocoon and emerges as an adult
Incomplete metamorphosis- Eggs hatch into a nymph and grow into an adult.

41. Class Arachnida
Black widow
House spider

42. Class Arachnida
Brown recluse
Brown recluse bite

43. Class Arachnida
Scorpion

44. Class Chilopoda
Centipede

45. Class Diploda
Millipede