1. Plagiarism and Works Cited 2008/2009

2. Plagiarism Plagiarism, Play this Pronunciation. «PLAY juh rihz uhm», is the act of presenting another person's literary, artistic, or musical work as one's own. For example, a student who copies from reference books has committed plagiarism. A work need not be identical to the original to be a plagiarism. But it must be so similar that it has obviously been copied.

3. Plagiarism Cont. Plagiarism is regarded as unethical. The copyright laws of many nations make plagiarism and other unauthorized copying a crime punishable by fine or imprisonment. In addition, the creator of a copyrighted work may sue anyone who plagiarizes it. Educational institutions prohibit plagiarism, and a student who plagiarizes will be subject to disciplinary penalties.

4. Plagiarism Cont. Plagiarism does not include the adoption of character types, general plots, or other ideas from existing works. Nearly all writers and artists do such borrowing, but they express the ideas in new ways. The great English playwright William Shakespeare took most of his plots from published historical and literary works. But he transformed the borrowed materials into works that were uniquely his own.

5. Plagiarism cont. plagiarism also does not normally include the copying allowed under the fair use principle of the copyright law. This principle permits limited reproduction of another person's work without permission for such purposes as teaching, research, news reporting, or criticism. In most cases, the author of the original work should be named.

6. See also Copyright; Intellectual property. Contributor: Kent Dunlap, LL.M., Principal Legal Advisor, Copyright Office, Library of Congress. How to cite this article: To cite this article, World Book recommends the following format: Dunlap, Kent. "Plagiarism." World Book Online Reference Center. 2008. [Place of access.] 12 Dec. 2008.

7. Intellectual Property Intellectual property refers to intangible products of human creativity over which people or groups exercise legal control. Something that is intangible cannot be held or touched. Works protected by intellectual property laws include books, computer programs, designs, inventions, motion pictures, music, paintings, symbols, and trade secrets. Rules for granting intellectual property protection differ from country to country, though international agreements have set many common guidelines.

8. Citing a Book Author's name, last name first. Full book title. [underlined or in italics] City of publication: Publisher's name, year of publication. Example: Gordon, Karen Elizabeth. The Transitive Vampire: A Handbook of Grammar. New York: Cahill, 1985.

9. Book With Two Authors First listed author's name, last name first, next listed author's name(s) in normal form. Full book title. [underlined or in italics] City of publication: Publisher's name, year of publication. Example: Garbarino, Merwyn S., and Robert F. Sasso. Native American Heritage. 3rd ed. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, Inc., 1994.

10. Citing a Website Author's name, last name first [if given]. “ Article or Web page title. ” [enclosed in double quotation marks] Web site title. [underlined or in italics] Publication date or latest update of the site. Producer or sponsor of the site. Access date. URL. [enclosed in angle brackets] Example: Beasley, Maurine H. “ Roosevelt, Eleanor. ” World Book Student. 2008. World Book, Inc. 20 Aug. 2008..