1. Main CycleMore Info Fertilizer Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaSO 4 *2H 2 O All P Fertilizers Lime CaO, Ca(OH) 2 CaCO 3 CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 Other Shells Slag Marl Moisture OFF ON pH of Soil Temporarily held on exchange sites, but tightly held on charged soils Calcium Minerals Lime, Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum, Florapatite, Plagioclases, Gabbro, Basalts Leaching CaCl 2, CaSO 4 Major Form Moisture OFF ON Plants Animals ON OFF Mining Weathering (dissolution) Decomposition of Plant and Animal Residues Ca 2+ removed As plant matter 4x in leaves vs. grain Main CycleMore Info Uptake decreases with Presence of high Al 3+ Higher availability of Ca 2+ Improves uptake of NH 3 Soil Microbes Click on ON or OFF To see how the cycle Is effected by moisture Calcium Cycle Authers:Jason Warren, James Johnson, Derrel White, Lori Gallimore and Micah Deleon

2. Main CycleMore Info Fertilizer Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaSO 4 *2H 2 O All P Fertilizers Lime CaO, Ca(OH) 2 CaCO 3 CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 Other Shells Slag Marl Moisture OFF ON pH of Soil Temporarily held on exchange sites, but tightly held on charged soils Calcium Minerals Lime, Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum, Florapatite, Plagioclases, Gabbro, Basalts Leaching CaCl 2, CaSO 4 Major Form Moisture OFF ON Plants Animals ON OFF Mining Weathering (dissolution) Decomposition of Plant and Animal Residues Main Cycle Movement of calcium In the presents of moisture Moisture Ca 2+ removed As plant matter 4x in leaves vs. grain Uptake decreases with Presence of high Al 3+ Soil Microbes Higher availability of Ca 2+ Improves uptake of NH 3

3. Main CycleMore Info Fertilizer Ca(NO 3 ) 2 CaSO 4 *2H 2 O All P Fertilizers Lime CaO, Ca(OH) 2 CaCO 3 CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 Other Shells Slag Marl Moisture OFF ON pH of Soil Temporarily held on exchange sites, but tightly held on charged soils Calcium Minerals Lime, Calcite, Dolomite, Gypsum, Florapatite, Plagioclases, Gabbro, Basalts Leaching CaCl 2, CaSO 4 Major Form Moisture OFF ON Plants Animals ON OFF Mining Weathering (dissolution) Decomposition of Plant and Animal Residues Main CycleMore Info Dissolution of Fertilizer,Lime and Other sources of Ca 2+ can not occur Ca 2+ removed As plant matter 4x in leaves vs. grain Uptake decreases with Presence of high Al 3+ Higher availability of Ca 2+ Improves uptake of NH 3 Soil Microbes

4. Main CycleMore Info More Information on Calcium Effect of pH on availability: Sources of Calcium: References: Form taken up by plants: Mobility in soil: Mobility in plant: Role of nutrient in plant growth: Role in microbial growth: Concentration in plants: Content present in soils: Deficiency symptoms: Interactions with other nutrients: Main Cycle Mayo Clinic about Calcium and Osteoporosis

5. Main CycleMore Info More Info. on Calcium Form taken up by plants Ca +2 Mobility in Soil No, slight mobility in soil solution Mobility in plant Movement occurs in xylem to the leaves (one way ticket) Main Cycle

6. More Info More Info. on Calcium Role of nutrient in plant growth: Required for cell wall rigidity, cell division of meristems and root tips, normal mitosis, membrane function, acts as a secondary messenger, aids in storage of phosphates in vacuoles, actively involved in photosynthesis and found in the endoplasmic reticulum Role in microbial growth: Needed for Rhizobium and Azotobacter Main CycleMore Info

7. Main CycleMore Info More Info. on Calcium Interactions with other nutrients: –Since Ca +2 is so directly related to pH in solution, it effects all of the other nutrients. When NO 3 -N is applied to soil, Ca +2 absorption increases in the plant. Increases in Ca +2 in soil decreases Al +3 in acid soils, as well as decreasing Na + in sodic soils. Increases in Ca +2 taken up by plants cause deficiencies of Mg +2 and K +. MoO 4 -2 and H 2 PO 4 - availability increases with increases in Ca +2 concentrations.

8. Main CycleMore Info More Info. on Calcium Concentration in plants: –Fresh weight of plants typically contains 0.1-5.0%, can contain up to 10% dry weight in leaves before plant experiences toxicity Deficiency symptoms: –First seen in the younger leaves of plants, loss in plant structure, under extreme deficiencies gel-like conditions, root development no longer takes place, stunted plant growth

9. Main CycleMore Info More Info. on Calcium Content present in soils: –Tropical soils: 0.1-0.3% –Temperate soils: 0.7-1.5% –Calcareous soils: >3.0% –Largely dependent on parent material of soil and rainfall

10. Main CycleMore Info More Info. on Calcium Effect of pH on availability: Depends on mineral Sources of Calcium: –Lime (CaO) (Ca(OH) 2 ), Calcite (CaCO 3 ), Dolomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2, Gypsum (CaSO 4. 2H 2 O), any Phosphorus fertilizer, Anorthite (CaAl 2 Si 2 O 3 ), biotite, apatite, augite & hornblende.

11. Main CycleMore Info More Info. On Calcium References Amjad, Z. (ed.) 1998. Calcium Phosphates in Biological and Industrial Systems. Klower Academic Press. Boston, MA.Lindsay, W.L. 1979. Chemical Equilibria in Soils. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. pp. 86-102. Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press. New York, NY. pp. 285-298. Tisdale, S.L., Nelson, W.L., Beaton, J.D. and Havlin, J.L. 1993. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. Macmillan Publishing Company. pp. 289-296. Main CycleMore Info