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Sensor Technology for Civil and Mechanical Systems (STCMS) Shih-Chi Liu, Program Director sliu@nsf.govsliu@nsf.gov (703) 292-7017
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The 4 th International Conference of Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, 10/06 Engineering: Culture, Tradition, and Diversity
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What Do We Do? Research Teaching Practice
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As an Engineer… What do we do? -- Research, Teaching, and Practice What is the nature of our work? -- Analysis & Design (> 80%)
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Directorate for Engineering FY 06 Budget Assistant Director Richard Buckius Assistant Director Richard Buckius Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Office of Industrial Innovation OII (SBIR/STTR) Office of Industrial Innovation OII (SBIR/STTR) Bioengineering & Environmental Systems BES Bioengineering & Environmental Systems BES Civil & Mechanical Systems CMS Civil & Mechanical Systems CMS Chemical & Transport Systems CTS Chemical & Transport Systems CTS Engineering Education & Centers EEC Engineering Education & Centers EEC Electrical & Communications Systems ECS Electrical & Communications Systems ECS Design & Manufacturing Innovation DMI Design & Manufacturing Innovation DMI Bruce Hamilton ($46.53M) Warren DeVries ($58.25M) Kesh Narayanan ($102.87M) Geoffrey Prentice, Acting ($63.06M) Adnan Akay ($80.28M) Usha Varshney ($64.95M) Gary Gabriele ($134.81M) Mike Roco NSF: $5,581.17M ENG: $575.38M
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NSF Operation Guiding Principles: People Ideas Tools
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Five Pillars of Scholarship
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NSF Earthquake Hazard Mitigation EHM Historical Milestones Program Annual Budget 19647780919472 Northridge Loma Prieta Newmark NEHRP Report 14.0 M 18.0 M 8.0 M San Fernando 2.0 M 0.5 M Alaska US-Japan Large-Scale Testing Program US-PRC Protocol Annex III US-Taiwan
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New Structural System Design 1950---Structures Mostly Non-Engineered 1960---Moment Resisting Frames Shear Walls 1970---Rigorous Bldg Codes Development for Steel, R/C & Masonry Bldgs 1980---Braced Frames, Reinforced Masonry 1990---Precast/Prestressed & Composite/Hybrid Systems Future—Smart Structures
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US-Taiwan Cooperation 1978—US Group Visit (ST Mau & Penzien) Newmark, Clough, Jennings… * Penzien spent one yr at NTU *Feitzui Dam study (Clough/Mau, Penzien) * Kaohsiung Cross-harbor Tunnel (Penzien) * SMART Array (Bolt/Penzien/Tsai/Mau) *Workshops
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US-Taiwan Cooperation (Cont) 1999---Chi-Chi EQ * Int’l WS in Taichun (NSC sponsored) (Liu & 12 US & foreign researchers) * NSF initiated an one-yr initiative * US EQ Engr Centers approached NSC & NCREE to initiate center-to-center research—but not much has happened
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When I was Young (1978)
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EASTERN & WESTERN CULTURE Family value Individual value Personal level Business manner Traditional Less traditional Verbal Commitment Written contract Sharing of wealth Self-sufficient Long-term gain Short-term gain Balanced Centralized
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Balance & Harmony “Shoveling Manure For a Day is an Excellent Counterbalance to Intellectual Work.” -Baruck Blumberg Director, NASA Institute of Astrobiology 1976 Nobel Prize in Medicine
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Balance & Harmony Examples of Yin and Yang Shade Sunshine Hidden Exposed Earth Heaven Moon Sun Female Male Inward-looking Outgoing Closed Open
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Moore’s Law – Revisited year log (people per computer) Number Crunching Data Storage productivity interactive streaminginformation to/from physical world Mainframe Minicomputer WorkstationPCLaptop PDA 60 70 80 90500010 spatial & temporal fidelity We are on the verge of a vast increase in the spatial & temporal fidelity at which we instrument & analyze the physical world.
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Sensors & Sensing Systems Sensing Systems: Sensors & Assoc electronic or optical processing that make the measurement usable Smart Sensors: Sensors to have self calibrating and self diagnosis capabilities
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Hybrid Autonomic Fly Trap epidermis vein Parenchyma cells epidermis Sensing hair K+K+ expand H2OH2O H+H+ Insect touches the antenna located in the middle of leaf. Rapid closure of the leaf trap the insect. Cross-section view before the leaf motion. After the leaf motion. (Courtesy of Profesor M. Taya)
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Bio-Inspired Engineered Systems www.jamesedmunds.com A. Kobayashi (www.gps.caltech.edu) SiO 2 Au Materials Nature 424: 853 (2003) Optic s Sensors (Self-Assembled) Structures Autumn et al. Nature (2000) Catalysis
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Sensors and Sensor Networks Initiative FY 2003. --$45M FY 2004 –~$39M FY 2005 –-$30M
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Program Metrics No. of Proposals No. of Awards Success Rate (%) Dwell Time (months) 200316316104.66 20028310124.93 20018712146.72 Proposals # doubled, but funding rate is decreasing.
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Opportunity in Sensors Research Sensors for the Detection of Explosives $20 million Credit: Mete Sozen and Julio Ramirez, Purdue University School of Civil Engineering
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Future Trends MULTIPLE HAZARD SOL’N s TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS --information technology --new materials & new systems --wide use of sensors, actuactors, etc -- autoadaptive media TRADITIONAL & NONTRADITIONAL APPROACHES
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TEACHING Generous time for students Continuous curriculum updating Knowledge transfer across the lines & out of the box Enable students to search and innovate on his own Concurrent teaching & learning Cultivating & mentoring Creating opportunities enabling students to mature ……… Bottom Line: How many high-quality students has the teacher graduated?
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Who are good teachers here today? All of you are! In Particular: --Mete Sozen,….. --Tomizuka --Joe Penzien
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The Best Teacher Ever? The God-- as a teacher He has taught for K’s/M’s of years He has had millions of students all over the world Except a few, most students were loyal to Him He reaches out to students of all geographic locations, all genders, all races, all ages, and rich and poor
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WHY GOD NEVER REC’VED TENURE AT ANY UNIVERSITY? oHe had only one major publication oIt was in Hebrew oIt had no reference oIt wasn’t not published in a refereed journal oSome doubt he wrote it Himself oHe may have created the world, but what has He done since? oThe scientific community can’t replicate His results
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WHY GOD NEVER REC’VED TENURE AT ANY UNIVERSITY? (Cont.) oHe rarely come to class and just told students: “Read the Book” oSome say He has his son teach the class oHe expelled His first two students oHis office hours were irregular and sometimes held on a mountaintop oAlthough there were only 10 requirements, most students failed
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The World Forum on Smart Materials and Smart Structures Technology (SMSST ’ 07) May 22-27, 2007 Chongqing & Nanjing, China http://www.smsst07.org
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Hosts Chongqing Nanjing
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China
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Time to Toast Again Questions?
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Useful Web Addresses National Science Foundation: www.nsf.govwww.nsf.gov Civil & Mechanical Systems: http://www.eng.nsf.gov/cms/http://www.eng.nsf.gov/cms/ Grant Proposal Guide: http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf0423 http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf0423 FY2004 Guide to Programs: http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf04009 http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?nsf04009 Sensors and Sensor Networks (FY2004 version): http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04522 http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04522 Mathematical Sciences: Innovations at the Interface with the Sciences and Engineering (FY2004 version): http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04538 http://www.nsf.gov/pubsys/ods/getpub.cfm?ods_key=nsf04538 Program Officers (Dynamic Systems, Modeling, Sensing and Control) –Dr. Shih-Chi Liusliu@nsf.gov703-292-7017sliu@nsf.gov
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