1. EVALUATING HEALTH INFORMATION ONLINE Lydia N Collins Consumer Health Coordinator

2. CONSUMER HEALTH – THEN AND NOW… 1972 Patient Bill of Rights 1972 Patient Bill of Rights Realities of Health Care today: Patients are now asked to make decisions about their own disease process. Patients are now asked to make decisions about their own disease process. Most patients do not have the tools to make these kinds of decisions Most patients do not have the tools to make these kinds of decisions Libraries can help! Libraries can help!

3. PEW INTERNET HEALTH ONLINE STUDY 2013 Interesting Findings Pew Health Online 2013 Pew Health Online 2013

4. HEALTH LITERACY… The ability to read, understand and act on health information [Pfizer 2002] The ability to read, understand and act on health information [Pfizer 2002] The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions [Healthy People 2020] The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions [Healthy People 2020] The degree to which an individual has the capacity to obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions [Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, Title V] The degree to which an individual has the capacity to obtain, communicate, process, and understand basic health information and services to make appropriate health decisions [Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, Title V]

5. WHAT IS THE STRONGEST PREDICTOR OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S HEALTH STATUS? Age Age Income Income Employment status Employment status Education Education Literacy skills Literacy skills Racial/Ethnic group Racial/Ethnic group

6. FILL IN THE BLANKS One out of ? American adults reads at the 5th grade level or below. One out of ? American adults reads at the 5th grade level or below. one out of 5 Most Americans read at the 8th to 9th grade level, yet most health care materials are written above the ? grade level. Most Americans read at the 8th to 9th grade level, yet most health care materials are written above the ? grade level. 10 th grade

7. DISCUSSION What are the groups thoughts on health literacy and how it impacts the individual and society What are the groups thoughts on health literacy and how it impacts the individual and society

8. WHY IS HEALTH LITERACY SO CRITICAL? Essential life skill Essential life skill Public health imperative Public health imperative Essential part of social capital Essential part of social capital Critical economic issue Critical economic issue Sources: “Navigating Health: The Role of Health Literacy”, Kickbusch The health literacy of America's adults: Results from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy, Kutner et al Health literacy: An update of public health and medical literature., rudd et al.

9. EVALUATING WEB SITES

10. DISCUSSION 2 What are the key elements of web site evaluation?

11. WEBSITE EVALUATION  Accuracy  Authority  Bias  Currency  Coverage  Usability  Privacy

12. ACCURACY & AUTHORITY Questions to ask: Where did the information come from? Is the information reviewed by experts? Does the site make unbelievable claims? Who runs the site? Is there contact information (for the organization/webmaster? Is there an editorial board? What information is found in the “about us” section?

13. BIAS Questions to ask: Why was the site created? Why was the site created? What do they want from you? What do they want from you? Who is paying for the site? Who is paying for the site? Does the site’s information favor the sponsor? Does the site’s information favor the sponsor? Do “they” want your personal information? What will “they” do with that information? Do “they” want your personal information? What will “they” do with that information? Does the site have advertisements? Are the ads labeled? Does the site have advertisements? Are the ads labeled?

14. CURRENCY & COVERAGE Questions to ask: Is it up-to-date? Does the site have a last updated date? What is that date? Does the site have a last reviewed date? What is that date? What is the “review policy”? Are there numerous “broken links” throughout the site?

15. USABILITY (& PRIVACY) Questions to ask: Is the site user friendly? Easy to navigate? Does the site ask you for personal information? Do “they” tell you how personal information will be used? Are you comfortable with how personal information will be used? Does the site recommend that one confer with their health professional?

16. TRUST IT OR NOT (EVALUATION ACTIVITY)

17. WEBSITE COMPARISON: IT’S FLU SEASON HTTP://WWW.FLU.GOV/ HTTP://WWW.FLUFACTS.COM/INDEX.JSP

18. TRUST IT OR TRASH IT Genetic Alliance: http://www.trustortrash.org/

19. TRUST IT OR TRASH IT? TRUST IT OR TRASH IT?

20. HOW TO USE TRUST IT OR TRASH IT? http://www.trustortrash.org/TrustorTrash.pdf

21. RESOURCES TO EVALUATE WEB SITES

22. MEDLINEPLUS MEDLINEPLUS http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/evaluatinghealthinformation.html

23. MEDLINEPLUS: WEB SURFING http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/healthywebsurfing.html

24. EVALUATION TUTORIAL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/webeval/webeval.html

25. MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION https://www.mlanet.org/resources/userguide.html

26. FAMILYDOCTOR.ORG HEALTH INFO ONLINE http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/healthcare-management/self-care/health-information-on-the-web-finding-reliable-information.printerview.all.html

27. NCI: EVALUATING INFORMATION http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/health-info-online

28. HEALTH IT.GOV http://www.healthit.gov/patients-families/find-quality-resources

29. FDA: EVALUATING HEALTH INFORMATION http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/BuyingMedicinesOvertheInternet/ucm202863.htm

31. MEDLINEPLUS MAGAZINE A quarterly publication of the Friends of the National Library of Medicine. A quarterly publication of the Friends of the National Library of Medicine. Get a free subscription! Get a free subscription! Libraries can order in bulk Spanish available also http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/magazine/index.html http://www.fnlm.org/Program_MLP/MLP_intro.html

32. INFORMATION RX.ORG http://informationrx.org/

33. HEALTHY LIBRARIES – HEALTHY COMMUNITIES Consider offering health programming @ your library. Partner with local agencies, Request speakers, apply for NN/LM MAR Funding (HIA), Post community events and/or consider hosting a health fair! Author Floyd Stokes & Soraya Collins @ Beaver Area Memorial Library – 18 Oct 2014

34. REFLECTION Think of the three most important take home messages from today’s presentation. Think of the three most important take home messages from today’s presentation. Think of three people to share this information. Think of three people to share this information.

35. For questions regarding the content of this presentation or to request training please contact: NN/LM MAR nnlmmar@pitt.edu Developed by NN/LM staff. This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHS-N-276-2011-00003-C with the University of Pittsburgh-Health Sciences Library System. Web site: http://nnlm.gov/mar Phone: 1.800.338.7657 1.412.648.2065 Serving Delaware, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania CONTACT NN/LM MAR