1. A « European » Perspective Short term: SMOS L2 processor validation Long term: DA in an hydrological models

2. SMOS Data type ► multi-angular; dual polarization L band ► SM 4 % vol; 3 day revisit ► Spatial resolution better than 50 km ► Launched 09 2007 ► Level 1: brightness temperature at H and V polarisation ► Level 2: daily soil moisture and ocean salinity (swath) maps at basic temporal and spatial resolutions

3. 2 / 1 parameter retrieval

4. SMOS L2 Algorithm

5. SM L2 retrieval: simplifications ► 200 LCC (ECOCLIMAP) aggregated into 10 ► Auxillary data not always available ► No direct model for every LCC ► Lack of info on very dry soils / sandy soils ► Only a limited number of emission sources > Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) 1st issue 12/2005 last issue 12/2006

6. How NAFE can contribute ? ► Scaling: do simple strategies/algorithms (such as the L2 SM processor) perform well ? ► A lot of the RT parameters have been calibrated on local experiments  SMOSREX = « typical » grassland  « La Londe » = « typical » forest etc  -> need to be checked at larger scales / other locations ► Interested in typical scales o(>1km) with sub-pixel variability of o( 1km) with sub-pixel variability of o(<1km)

7. CESBIO/INRA: short term ► AMSR: radiometric extrapolation C -> L (Philippe Richaume and Patricia De Rosnay) ► Intercomparison of 2 soil emissivity models for soil moisture retrieval algorithms (Patricia De Rosnay)  the tau-omega model and a coherent model;  focus on AMSR data;  compare the SM inversion performance with what one gets in sahelian environments (African Monsoon project) ► Forward RT modelling for forested envt, Litter effects and litter/surface soil moisture relationship (Jennifer Grant) ► L2 algorithm evaluation over several NAFE LCC (?)

8. CESBIO/INRA: long term ► “Development and evaluation of disagregation and assimilation methods of SMOS radiobrightness into hydrological models” ► Multispectral RS Data Assimilation  TIR (disagregation and/or data assimilation)  L-band (SMOS resolution)  NDVI (forcing/disagregation) ► DA of RS data directly, or disaggregated SM ? ► Evaluation on variables (e.g. root zone SM) and fluxes (e.g. streamflow)

9. Disagregation study ► What’s written in the 2005 proposals:  “1 km airborne brightness temperature maps will be aggregated to produce a coarse-resolution brightness temperature corresponding to the size of one SMOS pixel.  A geostatistical procedure based on LC, Soil Type and Topography will be used together with the SMOS generated brightness temperature to produce field scale surface soil moisture maps  Surface soil moisture maps produced will be compared to soil moisture fields obtained by inversion of the L- band brightness temperature maps acquired by the aircraft as well as ground-based soil moisture measurements.” (Philippe Maisongrande ?)

10. Data Assimilation: NAFE’05 data ► A coupled SVAT-Lateral redistribution model (ISBA3L/TOPMODEL/Isochrones) will be calibrated against streamflow and in-situ soil moisture data obtained for the network of continuous monitoring sites (Hélène Roux is building up on previous work by Jennifer Pellenq + ?) ► The performance of the data assimilation methods will be assessed by comparing predictions and measurements of streamflow and soil moisture content during NAFE’05  HR TIR info alone (Hélène ?)  disagregated L-band / SM info alone (Olivier ?)  combined HR TIR/ LR L-band info (Gilles ?)

11. Proposals/Fundings ► Chances to get a coSMOS3 campaign during NAFE’06 are small ► ESA cal/val project: provides ESA data but no $ !  Jetse is PI / Jeff and Gilles co-I  Data will be accessible for validation after launch ► CNES TOSCA 2005 application:  funding for at least 2 pers. for ~3 weeks for NAFE’06  Focus on SMOS calib. for TOSCA 2006 application ► SMOS data flow should start by the end of 2007 ► Commissioning phase ends up ~6 months after launch

12. NAFE’06 ? ► if Murrumbidgee wins: it sounds like we’ll replace « streamflow » by « evaporation » in the proposal, but objectives won’t change much (or I’m totally wrong ???) > still very relevant for SMOS ► if Goulburn wins: cool, we’ll build on previous studies ! (good for long-term DA)