1. Quiz
What was Egypt’s physical setting like?
How did the Egyptians use the Nile?
What is a shadoof?
What are hieroglyphics?
5. What crops did the ancient Egyptians grow?

2. Quiz Answers
Surrounded by deserts, Mediterranean and Red Sea nearby, cataracts in Nile River, fertile land around the river, marshes,
It was used for drinking, cooking, bathing, food source, water crops, washing, transportation
A shadoof is a long pole with a bucket attached to lift water from the Nile.
Writing system using picture symbols
They grow wheat, barley, flax

3. Chapter 2, Section 1 The Nile Valley Trapped floodwater
Dug canals or ditches
Irrigation
Used a shadoof
Built dikes

4. Settling the Nile Terms to Know: Places to Locate
Cataract: fast-moving water, rapids
Delta: area of fertile soil
Places to Locate
Egypt: civilization that developed in the Nile River valley on the continent of Africa
Nile River: world’s longest river flowing from south to north to the Mediterranean Sea
Sahara: world’s largest desert found in Africa

5. Academic Vocabulary Terms to Review Sum It Up
rely: to depend on for help or support
feature: special part of quality that stands out
Terms to Review
civilization: The Egyptian civilizations used the Nile River in many ways.
city-state: Mesopotamian city-states often fought with their enemies.
Sum It Up
What was Egypt’s physical setting like?
The Nile ran through a narrow green valley surrounded by desert. Cataracts to the south and delta marshes to the north. The region was bordered by seas to the north and the east.

6. The River People
Terms to Know
papyrus: reed plant that grew along the Nile used to make baskets, sandals, rafts, and paper
hieroglyphics: Egyptian system of writing make up of symbols
Academic Vocabulary
secure: safe, free from danger, protected
technology: knowledge used to create tools or methods for completing a task

7. Terms to Review Sum It Up
irrigation: Irrigation helped Egyptian farmers grow food for themselves and their animals
technology: Technology gives us better ways of doing jobs that are faster and easier.
Sum It Up
What crops did ancient Egyptians grow?
Ancient Egyptians grew crops such as wheat, barley, and flax seeds.

8. A United Egypt Drawing Conclusions
1. Narmer led his army and took control of Lower Egypt, and ruled from Memphis, located on the border of the two kingdoms
2. Narmer wore a crown to symbolize unity.
3. Narmer’s descendants passed on the power forming a dynasty.
Terms to Know
dynasty: a line or series of rulers from the same family

9. Academic Vocabulary Sum It Up emerge: to appear What is a dynasty?
A line of rulers, or leaders, all coming from the same family

10. Early Egyptian Life Summarizing
1. The pharaoh was at the top of the early Egyptian social structure.
2. Egypt’s upper class was made up of nobles, priests, and other wealthy people.
3. Egypt’s middle class included people who ran businesses or produced goods.
4. Farmers made up the largest group of early Egyptians.
5. Unskilled workers were at the bottom of the social structure in Egypt.
6. Women had more rights in Egypt than in most other early civilizations

11. Academic Vocabulary Sum It Up farmers portion: a part or section of
obtain: to acquire, to gain possession of
Sum It Up
Who made up the largest group in Egyptian society?
farmers

12. Why did the early Egyptians settle in the Nile River valley?
Early Egyptians settled in the valley because the surrounding land was dry, with little rainfall. The river provided water for farming, drinking, bathing, and as a food source of fish.
What role did the Nile River valley play in the development of the Egyptian civilization?
The Nile valley provided excellent land for farming, access to trade routes, and protection from invaders. This allowed the people and culture to grow and prosper.

13. How was early Egyptian society divided?
Egyptian life was based on a structured social system. The highest classes live with great wealth and were at the top of the pyramid. Lower classes lived very simple lives. Most workers were artisans, traders, farmers, or unskilled . Fathers were the head of the home, but women had rights. Girls were taught household duties and boys were taught a trade. Few children went to school.