1. Organic Chemistry

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3. Distribute Syllabi

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5. Begin Instruction

6. Organic Chemistry The chemistry of carbon compounds Sometimes called carbon chemistry

7. Organic Chemistry The backbone element in the molecules of all living things is carbon

8. Carbon Chemistry Carbon is one of the only elements that can form long chains Carbon can form 4 covalent bonds

9. Organic Chemistry Carbon forms covalent bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens

10. Carbon Bonding Carbon has 4 valence electrons which can hybridize in many ways

11. Carbon Bonding To determine the hybridization, draw the Lewis Dot Diagram of the carbon compound

12. Hybridization sp 3 4-single bonds sp 2 2-single bonds & 1-double bond sp2 doubles or T + S

13. Multiple Bonds To make multiple bonds, p-orbitals are required

14. Hybridization sp 3 no p-orbitals sp 2 1 p-orbital sp2 p-orbitals

15. Single bonds & the first bond in multiple bonds involve end-to-end overlap: 

16. Multiple Bonds After the 1 st bond, any others are   bonds: side-to-side p-overlap

17. AX 4 or sp 3 H H-C-H H

18. AX 3 or sp 2 H C=O H

19. AX 2 or sp O=C=O H-C N

20. Carbon Bonds sp 3 4  bonds sp 2 3  & 1  bonds sp2  & 2  bonds

21. Carbon sp 3 Shapes AX 4 tetrahedral AX 3 Etrigonal pyramidal AX 2 E 2 v-shaped

22. AX 4 or sp 3 H H-C-H H

23. AX 3 E or sp 3.. R-N-H H

24. AX 2 E 2 or sp 3.. R-O: H

25. Carbon sp 2 Shapes AX 3 trigonal planar AX 2 Ev-shaped

26. AX 3 or sp 2 H C=O H

27. AX 2 E or sp 2 O S: R

28. Carbon sp Shape AX 2 linear

29. AX 2 or sp O=C=O H-C N