1. Project Introduction 이 상 신 Korea Electronics Technology Institute

2. 2 Contents Wireless Surveillance System based on WSN Forest Fire Monitoring System The Unmanned Tracking System based on WSN

3. Wireless Surveillance System based on WSN

4. 4 Overview of Wireless Sensor Network What is wireless sensor network? –A large group of many networked sensors to monitor conditions temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, and motion –Sensor network nodes have Sensing, computation, and networking abilities –Sensor network features Low cost, small size, low power consumption Application areas of WSN –Environmental monitoring, fire detection, seismic detection, military surveillance, and so on What is the best protocol in a specific application? AODV@SMAC? ZigBee? –There are so many different requirements as each application area We designed an optimized protocol in specific application area R-WSLP (Real-time Wireless Sensor Line Protocol)

5. 5 Wireless surveillance system Wireless surveillance system based on wireless sensor networks –For detecting the incursion of unauthorized objects or intruders –To assist guard soldiers in the military demarcation line –Burglar alarm, protecting critical infrastructures, and homeland defense

6. 6 Requirements of wireless surveillance system –Low latency in multi-hop communication Primary Requirement & our major goal –Low power consumption –High reliability Features of wireless surveillance system –Linear sensing field –Low traffic environment –No mobility –Directed data path (end  sink)

7. 7 The Basic Idea of R-WSLP Latency in multi-hop communication –Mainly caused by sleep delay originating from periodic sleep for reducing energy consumption Real-time Wireless Sensor Line Protocol (R-WSLP) –Proposed for minimizing the network latency –Solve the sleep delay problem in the multi-hop network –Utilize periodic listen and sleep mechanism to minimize power consumption

8. 8 The Basic Idea of R-WSLP Immediate forwarding –if a node receives a message from its child node –immediately forwards the message to the parent node Time synchronization according to the data path –Time synchronizes with the parent node Nodes achieve local time synchronization using the information of neighbor node – peer-to-peer time synchronization

9. 9 Network Topology of R-WSLP In peer-to-peer time synchronization, the nodes requires pre- determined data path Using ad hoc linear network –Linear topology –Easy to use peer-to-peer time synchronization Because topology itself means data path –Suitable for wireless surveillance system Linear sensing field Low traffic environment No mobility Directed data path (end  sink)

10. 10 Network Topology of R-WSLP Select data path by routing algorithm If the data path is corrupted –nodes select a new data path using update routing information Select data path when they are joining to the network If the data path is corrupted –try to recovery Ad hoc mesh network Ad hoc linear network

11. 11 Time Synchronization Node 1 Node 2 RX Data TX Data RX Ack RX Data TX Data RX Ack RX Data TX Data RX Ack Superframe RX Data TX Data RX Ack RX Data TX Data RX Ack RX Data TX Data RX Ack Node 3 Forwarded messages without sleep latency Synchronize TX Data Slot to Parent ’ s RX Data Slot Using SFD (Start Frame Delimiter ) of Sync Frame Nodes select their time slots according to the time schedule of the parent node –It is not conflicted with time schedule of neighbors Data Frame ACK and Sync Frame

12. 12 R-WSLP Overview

13. 13 Latency Latency of R-WSLP Processing time 1 Hop Latency n-1 n n+1 RxAck Sleep Guard t proc t fd Frame duration t fd t guard Guard time t proc

14. 14 Low power consumption For low power consumption –Every node repeats periodic sleep and wakeup –Divide superframe into active period and inactive period. –Each node communicates during active period and goes to sleep durin g inactive period. To minimize network delay –Use piggyback acknowledgement mechanism –To save the time required for acknowledgement, nodes send the data packet in the TX period with acknowledgement packet

15. 15 Low power consumption SleepRxAckRxDataTxData OSC on Bios on PLL Lock&RX on t osc t bios t rx/tx_on Sleep t rx_ack Processing Sleep OSC on Bios on RX PLL Lock&TX on t sleep t tx_data Sleep OSC on Bios on PLL Lock/RX on t rx_data TX RX GuardSleep WaitAck t guard t proc t wait_ack Energy Consumption

16. 16 The Process for Joining a Network Composed of several procedures as follows A.Neighbor scan To search the neighbor nodes which could be parent node B. Select the parent Is there a terminal node? Yes -> Select the terminal node No -> select the neighbor node which has the greatest RSSI value C. Synchronization Synchronize the time with the parent node D. Contention for joining In case of two or more nodes try to join the same node E. Sending a join request message Sends a join request message to a parent node for joining a network

17. 17 Select the parent In the result of scan, a terminal node exists –Select the terminal node as the parent Terminal node does not exist –Select the parent node of a link which has the most RSSI value Just one neighbor node 90 M SMMMT New SMMMT SMT 609085 SMM 65 M Selected 906030 TMM Selected Cannot be selected Sync Frame The result of scan time

18. 18 Contention for joining Used the RSSI value for resolving contention problem zone1 zone2 zone3 zone4 zone5

19. 19 Reliability Support R-WSLP should guarantee the reliability –One of the most important issues to alarm emergency situation To support this requirement we offer the recovery mechanism –for the node failure and the link failure Recovery for the node failure and the link failure Extend their time slot for their new child node or new parent node

20. 20 Hardware Platform for Wireless Surveillance System The hardware platform of sensor node for wireless surveillance system –network module used the Chipcon ’ s CC2420(2.4GHz) for wireless communication and msp430 and as micro controller Also, used Chipcon ’ s CC1000 for 900MHz band –sensing module used Honeywell ’ s HMC 1002 as magnetic sensor SensorTec STMA-506 as ultrasound sensor

21. 21 Conclusion Low delay & Low energy consumption –R-WSLP achieves low network latency by eliminating sleep delay –R-WSLP guarantees fast delivery in low duty cycle network –The network latency in R-WSLP is not affected by duty cycle. Implementation of the wireless surveillance system Future Works –Required low power sensors for wireless surveillance system –Try to apply various real time applications Tree topology & ring topology Real time backbone network

22. Forest Fire Monitoring System

23. 23 Forest Fire Monitoring System Real time Forest Fire Monitoring System Experiment (at KETI’s Security Fence)

24. The Unmanned Tracking System based on WSN

25. 25 Introduction

26. 26 System Structure

27. 27 Sensor Network Module Sensor Network Node Network Module Sensor Module power 1.2V, 2500mAhr, AA (3) 2-axis magnetic sensor : Honeywell HMC1002 (±2G) Ultra sound sensor : SensorTec STMA- 506 (5m)

28. 28 Sensor Arrangement Magnetic Sensor Range : 4m Sonar sensor Range : 0.3m~5m

29. 29 Location Awareness

30. 30 Demo Scenario

31. 31 Demo Field Test Server 침입자 / 추적자 Magnetic Sensor Range : 4m Sonar sensor Range : 0.3m~5m Directivity : 10°

32. 32 Control & Monitoring S/W