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 Describe Eisenhower’s leadership style and political philosophy concerning government.  Discuss the status of American Society at mid-century and its.

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Presentation on theme: " Describe Eisenhower’s leadership style and political philosophy concerning government.  Discuss the status of American Society at mid-century and its."— Presentation transcript:

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2  Describe Eisenhower’s leadership style and political philosophy concerning government.  Discuss the status of American Society at mid-century and its major themes.  Outline the basic elements of mass culture as well as the criticism of mass culture.

3  What were the results of the increased amount of suburbs in American during the 1950’s?

4  Written by economist John Kenneth Galbraith.  Pointed out how well American Capitalism had worked since WWII.  Urged less personal spending.  More public funding. ◦ Schools, medical care, social services.  Consumer goods and economic growth was defining factor for the post war period.

5  Believed cooperation, self- restraint and a disinterested public service could fix industrial strife, high inflation and partisan politics from Truman era.  Believed in limited federal power and voluntary relationship between business and government.

6  Rose to leadership in army through playing it safe, listening to subordinates.  “Middle of the Road.”  Wanted to run the Government in a businesslike manner. ◦ Nine business men in cabinet.  Let states and corporate interests guide domestic policy.

7  Submerged Land Acts.  Oil exploration in Louisiana's bayous, America’s largest wetlands.  Unregulated use of toxic chemicals.  Use of DDT and other pesticides.

8  In the Legacy of the New Deal.  Expanded Social Security and unemployment insurance.  Created Department of Health, Education and Welfare. ◦ Appointed Oveta Culp Hobby, second Woman to hold a cabinet position.  Helped sustain farm prices.

9  Federal Subsidizing helped millions of Americans. ◦ Helped reach middle class, attend college and technical schools and live in newly built suburbs.  The Federal Housing Administration was created to extend the governments role on subsidizing the housing industry.

10  Insured long-term mortgage loans made by private lenders for home building. ◦ Attracted more private loaners. ◦ Only needed 10% down payment, low monthly interest rates.  Most loans went to residential developments outside cities.  Discriminated against multi-unit housing.  Wanted neighborhoods to be same class and race.

11  Most suburbs were built as planned communities.  Developer William Levitt described his firm as “The General Motors of the housing industry.  Put up hundreds of identical houses a week. ◦ Precut materials, assembled onsite.  By 1960, 17,00 houses, not one African American Family.

12  The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act. ◦ GI Bill of Rights  The Federal Highway Act of 1956. ◦ Created the best road system in the world.  The National Defense Education Act (NDEA) ◦ Created stronger science, math, technology education. ◦ Gave low interest loans for college students.

13  The Suburban Boom increased the idea of a nuclear family. ◦ The Feminine Mystique- voiced frustrations of suburban women.  Religious rebirth. ◦ By mid 1950’s over 75% of Americans claimed they were church members. ◦ Churches built around new suburbs.

14  Became the embodiment of postwar suburbia.  Cars became essential. ◦ Large road system. ◦ Many drive in facilities. ◦ “Centerless Cities.”

15  Similar life led to conforming to society.  David Riesman- The Lonely Crowd ◦ “other-directed”  William H. Whyte’s Organization Man ◦ Belief in belongingness. ◦ Needed to fit in with their jobs and communities.  C. Wright Mills’ White Collar ◦ Men don’t just sell their time and energy to their jobs, the sell their personality too.

16  State Schools expanded and Technical Schools upgraded to full Universities.  Factors for expansion ◦ GI Bill and NDEA ◦ Government spending on Research and Development in universities. ◦ A degree was a gateway to the middle class and a decent job. ◦ Business ideals were reflected within the University.

17  During WWII, government spent mass amounts of money in this field.  Many dreaded diseases began to be phased out of American life.  Polio Vaccine ◦ Between 1947-1951 crippled 39,000 Americans annually. 58,000 in 1952.

18  Many poor and elderly couldn’t afford it.  Rural communities lacked doctors and facilities.  Decline of family doctors (house calls)  Accused of doing unnecessary procedures.  The American Medical Association (AMA) ◦ Did nothing to help expand increase of Doctors. ◦ Fought against Truman and Eisenhower’s attempts to expand medical care.

19  What were the results of the increased amount of suburbs in American during the 1950’s?


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