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Chapter 10 Marketing communication and personal selling
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Learning objectives 1 Discuss the role of promotion in the marketing mix 2 Discuss the elements of the promotional mix 3 Describe the communication process 4 Explain the goals and tasks of promotion 5 Discuss the AIDA concept and its relationship to the promotional mix
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Learning objectives (cont.)
6 Describe the factors that affect the promotional mix 7 Describe personal selling 8 Discuss the key differences between relationship selling and traditional selling 9 List the steps in the selling process 10 Describe the functions of sales management
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Define the term marketing
Learning objective 1 Discuss the role of promotion in the marketing mix Define the term marketing
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1 Promotion Communication by marketers that informs, persuades and reminds potential buyers of a product in order to influence an opinion or elicit a response.
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1 Promotional strategy A plan for the optimal use of the elements of promotion: advertising public relations personal selling sales promotion.
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Overall marketing objectives
1 The role of promotion Overall marketing objectives Promotional mix Advertising Public relations Personal selling Sales promotion Promotion plan Marketing mix Product Distribution Promotion Price Target market
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Describe four marketing management philosophies.
Learning objective 2 Describe four marketing management philosophies. Discuss the elements of the promotional mix
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Elements of the promotional mix
2 Elements of the promotional mix Advertising Public relations Personal selling Sales promotion
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2 Promotional mix Combination of promotion tools used to reach the target market and fulfill the organisation’s overall goals.
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2 Advertising Impersonal, one-way mass communication about a product or organisation that is paid for by a marketer.
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2 Public relations The marketing function that evaluates public attitudes, identifies areas within the organisation that the public may be interested in and executes a program of action to earn public understanding and acceptance.
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2 Publicity Public information about a company, good or service appearing in the mass media as a news item.
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2 Sales promotion Marketing activities – other than personal selling, advertising and public relations – that stimulate consumer buying and dealer effectiveness.
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2 Personal selling Planned presentation to one or more prospective buyers for the purpose of making a sale.
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Integrated marketing communication
2 Integrated marketing communication The method of carefully coordinating all promotional activities to produce a consistent, unified message that is customer-focused.
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Describe four marketing management philosophies.
Learning objective 3 Describe four marketing management philosophies. Describe the communication process
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3 Communication The process by which we exchange or share meanings through a common set of symbols.
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Marketing communication
3 Marketing communication Categories of communication: interpersonal communication mass communication
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The communication process
3 The communication process As senders As receivers Inform Persuade Remind Develop messages Adapt messages Spot new communication opportunities
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The sender and encoding
3 The sender and encoding Sender The originator of the message in the communication process. Encoding The conversion of a sender’s ideas and thoughts into a message, usually in the form of words or signs.
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The communication process
3 The communication process Noise Sender Encoding message Message channel Decoding message Receiver Message channel
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Learning objective 4 Explain the goals and tasks of promotion
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Goals and tasks of promotion
4 Goals and tasks of promotion Informing Reminding Target audience Persuading
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Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.)
4 Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.) Informative objective Increase awareness Explain how product works Suggest new uses Build company image
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Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.)
4 Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.) Persuasion objective Encourage brand switching Change customers’ perception of product attributes Influence buying decision Persuade customers to call
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Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.)
4 Goals and tasks of promotion (cont.) Reminder objective Remind customers that product may be needed Remind customers where to buy product Maintain customer awareness
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Learning objective 5 Discuss the AIDA concept and its relationship to the promotional mix
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5 The AIDA Concept Model that outlines the process for achieving promotional goals in terms of stages of consumer involvement with the message. Attention Interest Desire Action
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AIDA and the promotional mix
5 AIDA and the promotional mix Awareness Interest Desire Action Personal selling Somewhat effective Very Advertising Very effective Somewhat Not Sales promotion Somewhat effective Somewhat effective Very effective Very effective Public relations Very effective Not
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Learning objective 6 Describe the factors that affect the promotional mix
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Factors affecting the promotional mix
6 Factors affecting the promotional mix Nature of product Stage in product life cycle Target market factors Type of buying decision Promotion funds Push or pull strategy
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Nature of the product 6 Product characteristics
Business product vs consumer product Costs and risks Social risk
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Stage in the product life cycle
6 Stage in the product life cycle Maturity Maturity Growth Growth Decline Sales ($) Introduction Time
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Product life cycle and the promotional mix
6 Product life cycle and the promotional mix Maturity Sales ($) Growth Decline Introduction Time Light advertising, pre-introduction publicity Heavy use of advertising, PR for awareness, sales promotion for trial Advertising, PR, brand loyalty, personal selling for distribution Ads decrease, sales promotion, personal selling, reminder and persuasive Ads and PR decrease, limited sales promotion, personal selling for distribution
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Target market characteristics
6 Target market characteristics For: Widely scattered market Informed buyers Repeat buyers Advertising Sales promotion Less personal selling
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Type of buying decision
6 Type of buying decision Routine advertising sales promotion Not routine or complex public relations Complex personal selling
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Available funds 6 Trade-offs with funds available
Number of people in target market Quality of communication needed Relative costs of promotional elements
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Push and pull strategies
6 Push and pull strategies Push strategy Manufacturer promotes to wholesaler Wholesaler promotes to retailer Retailer promotes to consumer Consumer buys from retailer Orders to manufacturer Pull strategy Manufacturer promotes to consumer Consumer demands product from retailer Retailer demands product from wholesaler Wholesaler demands product from manufacturer Orders to manufacturer
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Learning objective 7 Describe personal selling
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7 Personal selling Provides a detailed explanation or demonstration of product. Message can be varied to fit the needs of each prospective customer. Can be directed to specific qualified prospects. Costs can be controlled by adjusting sales force size.
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Learning objective 8 Discuss the key differences between relationship selling and traditional selling
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8 Relationship selling A sales practice that involves building, maintaining and enhancing interactions with customers in order to develop long-term satisfaction through mutually beneficial partnerships.
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Relationship selling (cont.)
8 Relationship selling (cont.) Focus: Building mutual trust Long-term value-added benefits to buyer
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Relationship vs traditional selling
8 Relationship vs traditional selling Traditional personal selling Sell products Focus on closing sales Limited sales planning Discuss product Assess ‘product-specific’ needs ‘Lone wolf’ approach Pricing/product focus Short-term sales follow-up Relationship selling Sell advice, assistance, counsel Focus on customer’s bottom line Sales planning is top priority Build problem-solving environment Conduct discovery in scope of operations Team approach Profit impact and strategic benefit focus Long-term sales follow-up
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Learning objective 9 List the steps in the selling process
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Steps in the selling process
9 Steps in the selling process Generate leads Qualify leads Probe customer needs Develop solutions Handle objections Close the sale Follow up
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Learning objective 10 Describe the functions of sales management
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Sales management responsibilities
10 Sales management responsibilities Define sales goals and sales process Determine sales force structure Recruit and train sales force Compensate and motivate sales team Evaluate sales team
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