2.  Treaty: A treaty is a negotiated agreement that clearly spells out the rights, responsibilities and relationships of First Nations(Indigenous peoples and their governments. An agreement between First Nations and the Crown. Between 1871 and 1906, six "numbered" Treaties (Treaties 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10) covering what is now the Province of Saskatchewan were signed between the Crown and First Nations.  www.fnmr.gov.sk.ca/community/glossary/ www.fnmr.gov.sk.ca/community/glossary/

3. land ownership governance wildlife environmental management financial benefits taxation A treaty is also a full and formal expression of reconciliation between First Nations and government.

4.  The name for the Treaties among the Chippewa and Mississauga Indian Nations in Southern Ontario in 1923 is The Williams Treaties.  The Williams Treaties are the last Treaties signed between the Canadian Government and an Indigenous groups in Canada.  The first Treaties signed in Canada were in Southern Ontario. (Niagara Falls and Fort Erie)

5.  The "gunshot treaty“ as it was known stated that Indians would not come within a gunshot of York at Lake Ontario.  The “gunshot treaty” appeared to have been a blank contract and was to be filled in later.  Supreme Court of Canada, held that the seven Williams Treaty First Nations had surrendered their traditional right to fish for food when they signed the Williams Treaty in 1923.