1. Research Activities PlanetLab/GENI
Aki Nakao
Univ. of Tokyo / NICT
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

2. Outline PlanetLab GENI Similar Research Activity in Japan and Asia
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

3. PlanetLab 863 nodes 447 sites 40+ countries 1000+ researchers
The largest and most popular overlay network testbed
Currently consists of 863 nodes at 447 sites
800+ Projects/ Researchers
JGN2/NICT collocate overlay nodes in Japan
Several Universities in Japan have joined
863 nodes
447 sites
40+ countries
1000+ researchers
800+ Projects
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

4. Brief History of PlanetLab
UNIX account slivers
PlanetLab 2.0 (2003-4)
Vserver slivers
PlanetLab 3.0 ( )
PLCAPI 1.0
PlanetLab 4.0 (2007-)
MyPLC1.0
Federation Idea
PlanetLab 4.2 (2008)
Federation (PLE, PLJ, (PLK, PLC,=>PLA?))
New Development (RSpec/GENI-wrapper, New Node Type, Monitoring, QA,VINI)
We are here
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

5. New Generation Network and Overlay Network Test-bed
What is Overlay
Network Testbed for ?
Innovation
Feedback Cycle
Creation of Ideas
Limitations in Prior Models
Evaluation at Labs
Publish
Evaluation at Planetary Scale
Acquire Users (Pilot Services)
Overlay Test-beds
Enables These
Establish Innovative Business
Contributions to Society
New Generation Network
Our Goals
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

6. CoDeeN: Partial Replication CDN
→　PlanetWorks (2007-)
→　Coblitz(2007-)
BBB.COM
client
server surrogate B A
AAA.COM C
CCC.COM
redirector
Large File Transfer! Faster than BitTorrent!
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

7. What made PlanetLab successful?
Centralized trust
Centralized resource control
Decentralized management (unbundled management)
The bandwidth as free
Provide only best-effort service
Make Linux the execution environment
Do not provide distributed OS services (up to users)
Evolve the API
Self-Scaling Architecture
[Tom Anderson, Timothy Roscoe, “Learning from PlanetLab”, WORLDS’06]
[Aki Nakao]
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

8. Self-Scaling Architecture (as in P2P)
Consortium
Loosely bound
Membership Agreement
Donate a few resources
At least two machines (minimum H/W requirement)
Bandwidth
“Tit-for-Tat”
Resource reciprocity
The more join, the more useful the system becomes
Primary incentives in P2P applications
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

9. PlanetLab Architecture
Stanford
Cambridge
PLC
(PlanetLab Central)
PlanetLab
Node
resource
management
Resources
U.Tokyo
The Internet
Princeton
U.C.Berkeley
MIT
CMU
PlanetLab Architecture
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

10. PlanetLab New Generation
PlanetLabNG = GENI Prototype
PlanetLab geniwrapper
PLC wrapper: prototype done, integration underway
NM wrapper: prototype in progress
Wrapper includes…
interfaces
namespaces
security mechanisms
Migration plan
seed registries from PLC’s DB
Current and new interfaces coexist
unbundle PLC over time
experiment with peering
[PlanetLab Developer's Meeting
May 13-14, 2008 (Princeton University)
Overview, Deconstructing PLC and Meeting Notes (Larry Peterson)]
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

11. GENI (briefly) with courtesy to GPO
Global Environment for Network Innovation
How we use GENI, how we build GENI?
GENI Spiral 1 / Prototype
Disclaimer: I have been granted permission to use these slides from Chip Elliott and Aaron Falk
And present these on behalf of them so that we share what is going on outside Asia.
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

12. Programmable & federated, with end-to-end virtualized “slices”
The GENI Vision A national-scale suite of facilities to explore radical designs for a future global networking infrastructure
Virtualized
Deeply programmable
Programmable & federated, with end-to-end virtualized “slices”
Mobile Wireless Network
Edge Site
Sensor Network
Federated International Infrastructure
Heterogeneous,
and evolving over time via
spiral development
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 12

13. How to use GENI: A bright idea
I have a great idea! The original Internet architecture was designed to connect one computer to another – but a better architecture would be fundamentally based on PEOPLE and CONTENT!
That will never work! It won’t scale! What about security? It’s impossible to implement or operate! Show me!
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 13

14. Trying it out
My new architecture worked great in the lab, so now I’m going to try a larger experiment for a few months.
And so he poured his experimental software into clusters of CPUs and disks, bulk data transfer devices (‘routers’), and wireless access devices throughout the GENI suite, and started taking measurements . . .
He uses a modest slice of GENI, sharing its facilities with many other concurrent experiments.
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 14

15. It turns into a really good idea
Boy did I learn a lot! I’ve published papers, the architecture has evolved in major ways, and I’m even attracting real users!
Location-based social networks are really cool!
His experiment grew larger and continued to evolve as more and more real users opted in . . .
His slice of GENI keeps growing, but GENI is still running many other concurrent experiments.
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 15

16. Experiment turns into reality
My experiment was a real success, and my architecture turned out to be mostly compatible with today’s Internet after all – so I’m taking it off GENI and spinning it out as a real company.
I always said it was a good idea, but way too conservative.
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 16

17. GENI creates a huge opportunity for ambitious research!
Moral of this story
GENI is meant to enable . . .
Trials of new architectures, which may or may not be compatible with today’s Internet
Long-running, realistic experiments with enough instrumentation to provide real insights and data
‘Opt in’ for real users into long-running experiments
Large-scale growth for successful experiments, so good ideas can be shaken down at scale
A reminder . . .
GENI itself is not an experiment !
GENI is a suite of facilities on which experiments run
GENI creates a huge opportunity for ambitious research!
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 17

18. GENI Spiral 1 has now begun! First results expected in 6-12 months
GENI Project Office Announces $12M for Community-Based GENI Prototype Development
July 22, 2008
The GENI Project Office, operated by BBN Technologies, an advanced technologies solutions firm, announced today that it has been awarded a three year grant worth approximately $4M a year from the US National Science Foundation to perform GENI design and risk-reduction prototyping.
The funds will be used to contract with 29 university-industrial teams selected through an open, peer-reviewed process. The first year funding will be used to construct GENI Spiral 1, a set of early, functional prototypes of key elements of the GENI system.
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

19. 1st GENI Solicitation – proposal areas
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 19

20. Internet2 National Lambda Rail
Generous Donations to GENI Prototyping Internet2 and National Lambda Rail
Internet2
10 Gbps dedicated bandwidth
National Lambda Rail
Up to 30 Gbps nondedicated bandwidth
40 Gbps capacity for GENI prototyping on two national footprints
to provide Layer 2 Ethernet VLANs as slices (IP or non-IP)
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

21. 3rd meeting Oct. 28-31, 2008 in Palo Alto, open to all
GENI Engineering Conferences Meet every 4 months to review progress together
3rd meeting Oct , 2008 in Palo Alto, open to all
Reviews current GENI status, Working Group meetings
Also discuss GPO solicitation, how to submit a proposal, evaluation process & criteria, how much money, etc.
Travel grants to US academics for participant diversity
Subsequent Meetings, open to all who fit in the room
Held at regular 4-month periods
Held on / near university campuses (volunteers?)
All GPO-funded teams required to participate
Systematic, open review of each Working Group status (all documents and prototypes / trials / etc.)
Also time for Working Groups to meet face-to-face
Results in prioritized list for next round of prototype funding areas (priorities decided by NetSE Council and GPO)
AsianFI 2008 Summer School 21

22. Our Research Activities wrt PL/GENI
Network Virtualization Research Lab
Recruiting PostDocs/Ph.D. students
Private PlanetLab Infrastructure
GENI / VINI / PlanetLab
JGN2+ and JGN3
Federation of Test-Beds
Within Japan and Asia
With U.S. and Europe (OneLab2)
AKARI
New Generation Network Research
Virtualization as an Architecture
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

23. CORE: Private PlanetLab
Current:
CORE
Sapporo
10 sites, 52 servers
Multi-Homed
Collaborative Overlay Research Environment
Overlay test-bed based on “Private PlanetLab”
Provision resources for mission critical services
Features we would like to have…
Custom hardware to optimize overlay forwarding
PoP/Core collocation (nodes “inside” network)
Federation (e.g. PlanetLab, OneLab)
Target overlay research
Not just on distributed system apps
More on network core architectures
Utilize both private & public environments
Local v.s. Global / Provisioned v.s. Best-Effort
Sapporo Medical U.
Tohoku U.
Sendai
Hiroshima U.
NII
Kanazawa
Kyutech
Nagano
Tsukuba
Nagoya
Tokyo
U. Tokyo
Okayama
New Generation Perspectives to Overlay Network
- Testbed for prototype and evaluate a new generation network design
- Evolutional nature of overlay network to incorporate into the design
Kitakyushu
Osaka
Keihanna
Fukuoka
Kochi
NICT Otemachi
Osaka U.
NICT Koganei
Kochi-tech
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

24. PlanetLab Federation in Japan
Public
Production
Operate public nodes
Federation with PLC/PLE/PLA
Boost PlanetLab community
JGN2plus official service
Private PlanetLab
Promote PlanetLab in Japan
GENI-like test-bed
Network virtualization research
Prototype of virtual routers
Research (Beta) 24
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

25. Net-Virt Lab Members MURATA Masayuki (Advisory) ATA Shingo
OHZAHATA Satoshi
KAMEI Satoshi (NTT Lab)
KAWAHARA Ryoichi (NTT Lab)
Eng LUA (NTT Lab)
ENOMOTO Nobuyuki (NEC)
FUJINAMI Makoto (NEC)
NISHIKI Ken’ya (Hitachi)
SATOH Hiroki (Hitachi)
MATSUI Susumu (Hitachi)
SHUDO Kazuyuki (Utagoe/NICT)
KDDI Lab people
NAKAO Akihiro (Project Leader)
YAMAMOTO Shu (KDDI)
NAKAUCHI Kiyohide
OZAKI Ryota
NISHIDA Yuji
Joined from abroad…
Kurt TUTSCHK (Germany)
Aun HAIDER (New Zealand)
Yufeng WANG (China)
Richard Potter (U.S.)
Du Ping (China)
…inviting more researchers
3 more candidates (foreign)
Maoke Chen
JonWong Kim
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

26. Research Lab Location Hakusan, Tokyo (near Utokyo)
3-Floors (3F, 4F, 6F)
AsianFI 2008 Summer School

27. Our Research Activities wrt PL/GENI
Network Virtualization Research Lab
Recruiting PostDocs/Ph.D. students
Private PlanetLab Infrastructure
GENI / VINI / PlanetLab
JGN2+ and JGN3
Federation of Test-Beds
Within Japan and Asia
With U.S. and Europe (OneLab2)
AKARI
New Generation Network Research
Virtualization as an Architecture
AsianFI 2008 Summer School