1. 4-D COASTAL OCEAN DYNAMICS DETECTED BY SURFACE CURRENT RADAR AND AUVs L. K. Shay Meteorology and Physical Oceanography University of Miami P. Edgar An Ocean Engineering Florida Atlantic University SCIENTIFIC GOAL: To provide a first-order description of complex oceanic flows and their relationship to surface processes in the littoral ocean subjected to tidal currents, western boundary currents, topographical changes and surface winds. RESEARCH SUPPORTED BY ONR.

2. LITTORAL ZONE l Complex Coastal Processes. l 2-D/ 3-D Flow Fields. l Boundary Current & Topography. l Waves & Boundary Layer Winds. l Impact: Civilian and US Navy Needs. l Radar/AUV/Mooring/Ship-based Approach. l Applicable to Any Theater.

3. Ocean Explorer AUV

4. VHF RADAR l Phased Array 32 Elements. l Electronic Beam Forming. l 700 Cells (250 m resolution). l 60 km Square Domain. l 20 Minute Sample Cycle. l Theoretical Limit 11 km. l Spectra and Currents.

5. ENGINEERING OBJECTIVES: l Design/Implement Multiple ADCPs as Part of AUV Payload. l Evaluate Side-Looking Beam Orientations. l Map Currents Relate To Surface Dynamics. l Train Next Generation Graduate Students (i.e. Tactical Oceanography)

6. SCIENCE OBJECTIVES: l Coherent Structures (Vortices, Fronts) l Isolate BC and Tidal Flows/Forcing of Iws At Shelf Break. l Expand IWs Into Baroclinic Modes. l Determine Wavenumber Spectra. l Assess Boundary Layer Processes During Storm and Quiescent Periods.

7. Experimental Domain

8. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN l VHF Mode of OSCR (7x9 km: 250 m Cell Spacing). l Ship-Based CTD/ADCP (2x2 km) l 4-AUV Sampling Patterns (0.5-1km). l Cyclesonde. l NOVA/USF Moorings. l NAVY ADCPs.

9. Experimental Domain

10. Sub-Mesoscale Vortex

11. Vortex Propagation

12. Surface Current Regimes Strong Florida CurrentLobe Structure

13. AUV MISSIONS l Mixed Layer: (Current and Turbulence) l Tidal Current: l Bottom Boundary: l Turbulence: l Planned Adverse Weather: l 6 and 12-hr repeated grids : 500 m x 500 m. l 15-26 hr: 1km x 1km l 7 hr: 1 km x.500 km l 4-6 hr: 1 km Xsects l 12 hr : 500 m x 500 m (March-April 00)

14. AUV Section

15. AUV Maps

16. Ship ADCP Transect

17. Ship ADCP/AUV and OSCR Comparison

18. Mooring Comparison

19. FUTURE RESEARCH l Long-Term Monitoring of Florida Current Using HiFAR (100 km range). l Develop Long-Range AUVs (24-48 hr). l Surface/Subsurface Moorings (Cross- Shelf) l Ship-Based Observations (Cross-Shelf) l Drifter-Based Deployments l Modeling/Assimilation

20. GOAL: l To assess long-term variability of the Florida Current and its influence on Coastal Circulation and Atmospheric Weather Patterns/Events. l Important to Civilian Needs (Ship Traffic; Pollutant Dispersion; Renourishment.) l Important to Navy (Ship/Radar Signatures; Acoustics;Internal Waves)

21. SFTF APPLICATIONS l US Navy Coastal Surveys. l METOC (JTFX) Operations. l Ship-based Operations In Differing Venues/Theaters. l Coupling With Models ( i.e. LES). l Provides Environmental Data To Assess Impact on Fleet Operations.

22. SUMMARY l Synergistic Approach: Synoptic Variability. l Fine-Scale to Submesoscale Processes. l 2-D/3-D Variability not Mean. l Real Time: JTFX (Ships,Aircraft,AUV). l Improve Predictive Capability At Navy Centers. l Train Next-Generation Students.