1. FOOD FOR THOUGHT FEED THE WORLD POPULATION Externato de Penafirme - GEOGRAPHY– april 2015 FOOD FOR THOUGHT FEED THE WORLD POPULATION Externato de Penafirme - GEOGRAPHY– april 2015

2. The concerns related to sustainable development of countries, led the United Nations to synthesize the main problems in the world and formulate some goals to achieve. There were defined eight key objectives, which were divided into several goals to achieve.

4. Millennium Development Goals Millennium

5. Malthus believed that population growth would exceed the productive capacity of land, leading therefore to hunger.

6. Today we know that food production is in itself sufficient to feed the world's population, however the distribution of food in the world is unbalanced.

7. …an exercise that will make us think... Instructions: Stand up and pick up your chairs. The chairs represent the areas of the world regions. The containers of water represent the available drinking water. The balloons represent the meat. Sandbags represent cereals. You represent the world population. The colour of your card represents the regions. The population has to be on the chairs (the area in km2). Each region will have to appoint a leader... to whom be delivered the available meat, cereals and water (sound of the whistle). Products can not be left on the chairs (be creative!?). …an exercise that will make us think... Instructions: Stand up and pick up your chairs. The chairs represent the areas of the world regions. The containers of water represent the available drinking water. The balloons represent the meat. Sandbags represent cereals. You represent the world population. The colour of your card represents the regions. The population has to be on the chairs (the area in km2). Each region will have to appoint a leader... to whom be delivered the available meat, cereals and water (sound of the whistle). Products can not be left on the chairs (be creative!?).

8. …After the exercise, each group will prepare a short conclusion Your presentation should be a resume and contain some solutions to the situation that occurred in your region. You can present it in a creative mode. …After the exercise, each group will prepare a short conclusion Your presentation should be a resume and contain some solutions to the situation that occurred in your region. You can present it in a creative mode.

10. Who are the hungry? According to the latest Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) statistics from 2014, there are 805 million hungry people in the world and 98 percent of them are in developing countries. statistics from 2014 They are distributed like this:

11. Some facts on world hunger… Some 805 million people in the world do not have enough food to lead a healthy active life. That's about one in nine persons on earth. (That means: we here in the room are 45 persons: 5 of us do not have enough to eat!!!) The vast majority of the world's hungry people live in developing countries. Asia is the continent with the most of the hungry people - two thirds of the total. The percentage in southern Asia has fallen in recent years but in western Asia it has increased slightly. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest prevalence (percentage of population) with hunger. One person in four there is undernourished. Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45%) of the deaths in children under five - 3.1 million children each year. Some 805 million people in the world do not have enough food to lead a healthy active life. That's about one in nine persons on earth. (That means: we here in the room are 45 persons: 5 of us do not have enough to eat!!!) The vast majority of the world's hungry people live in developing countries. Asia is the continent with the most of the hungry people - two thirds of the total. The percentage in southern Asia has fallen in recent years but in western Asia it has increased slightly. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest prevalence (percentage of population) with hunger. One person in four there is undernourished. Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45%) of the deaths in children under five - 3.1 million children each year.

12. Some facts on world hunger… causes nearly half (45%) of the deaths in children under five - 3.1 million children each year. One out of six children -- roughly 100 million -- in developing countries is underweight. One in four of the world's children are stunted. In developing countries the proportion can rise to one in three. If women farmers had the same access to resources as men, the number of hungry in the world could be reduced by up to 150 million. 66 million primary school-age children attend classes hungry across the developing world, with 23 million in Africa alone. WFP calculates that US$3.2 billion is needed per year to reach all 66 million hungry school-age children. causes nearly half (45%) of the deaths in children under five - 3.1 million children each year. One out of six children -- roughly 100 million -- in developing countries is underweight. One in four of the world's children are stunted. In developing countries the proportion can rise to one in three. If women farmers had the same access to resources as men, the number of hungry in the world could be reduced by up to 150 million. 66 million primary school-age children attend classes hungry across the developing world, with 23 million in Africa alone. WFP calculates that US$3.2 billion is needed per year to reach all 66 million hungry school-age children.

13. What causes hunger? Poverty trap People living in poverty cannot afford nutritious food for themselves and their families. This makes them weaker and less able to earn the money that would help them escape poverty and hunger. Lack of investment in agriculture Too many developing countries lack key agricultural infrastructure, such as enough roads, warehouses and irrigation. The results are high transport costs, lack of storage facilities and unreliable water supplies. Climate and weather Natural disasters such as floods, tropical storms and long periods of drought are on the increase -- with calamitous consequences for the hungry poor in developing countries (Ethiopia, Somalia and Kenya). Deforestation by human hands accelerates the erosion of land which could be used for growing food. Poverty trap People living in poverty cannot afford nutritious food for themselves and their families. This makes them weaker and less able to earn the money that would help them escape poverty and hunger. Lack of investment in agriculture Too many developing countries lack key agricultural infrastructure, such as enough roads, warehouses and irrigation. The results are high transport costs, lack of storage facilities and unreliable water supplies. Climate and weather Natural disasters such as floods, tropical storms and long periods of drought are on the increase -- with calamitous consequences for the hungry poor in developing countries (Ethiopia, Somalia and Kenya). Deforestation by human hands accelerates the erosion of land which could be used for growing food.

14. What causes hunger? War and displacement Across the globe, conflicts consistently disrupt farming and food production. Fighting also forces millions of people to flee their homes, leading to hunger. In war, food sometimes becomes a weapon. Soldiers will starve opponents into submission by seizing or destroying food and livestock and systematically wrecking local markets. Unstable markets In recent years, the price of food products has been very unstable. Roller-coaster food prices make it difficult for the poorest people to access nutritious food consistently. When prices rise, consumers often shift to cheaper, less- nutritious foods, heightening the risks of micronutrient deficiencies and other forms of malnutrition. War and displacement Across the globe, conflicts consistently disrupt farming and food production. Fighting also forces millions of people to flee their homes, leading to hunger. In war, food sometimes becomes a weapon. Soldiers will starve opponents into submission by seizing or destroying food and livestock and systematically wrecking local markets. Unstable markets In recent years, the price of food products has been very unstable. Roller-coaster food prices make it difficult for the poorest people to access nutritious food consistently. When prices rise, consumers often shift to cheaper, less- nutritious foods, heightening the risks of micronutrient deficiencies and other forms of malnutrition.

15. What causes hunger? Food wastage One third of all food produced (1.3 billion tons) is never consumed. This food wastage represents a missed opportunity to improve global food security in a world where one in 8 is hungry. Producing this food also uses up precious natural resources that we need to feed the planet. Each year, food that is produced but not eaten guzzles up a volume of water equivalent to the annual flow of Russia's Volga River. Producing this food also adds 3.3 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, with consequences for the climate and, ultimately, for food production. Food wastage One third of all food produced (1.3 billion tons) is never consumed. This food wastage represents a missed opportunity to improve global food security in a world where one in 8 is hungry. Producing this food also uses up precious natural resources that we need to feed the planet. Each year, food that is produced but not eaten guzzles up a volume of water equivalent to the annual flow of Russia's Volga River. Producing this food also adds 3.3 billion tonnes of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, with consequences for the climate and, ultimately, for food production.

16. There are solutions? … ONGs Nutrition support ONGs School meals ONGs Help for poor farmers Systems and research that respects the local farmers know-how. Buy organic products Buy local products Fair trade … … ONGs Nutrition support ONGs School meals ONGs Help for poor farmers Systems and research that respects the local farmers know-how. Buy organic products Buy local products Fair trade …

17. FOOD FOR THOUGHT FEED THE WORLD POPULATION Externato de Penafirme - GEOGRAPHY– april 2015 FOOD FOR THOUGHT FEED THE WORLD POPULATION Externato de Penafirme - GEOGRAPHY– april 2015