1. Ch 3, Sec 3-4: The Middle and Southern Colonies

2. The Colonies Middle ColoniesSouthern Colonies New YorkMaryland New JerseyNorth Carolina PennsylvaniaSouth Carolina Virginia Georgia

3. Problems in England 1642-English Civil War Puritans left the colonies to help fight King Charles I – Charles was beheaded A fight for land in the colonies started between England and the Dutch

4. New Amsterdam Colony Dutch West India Company 1621 Bought land from the Manhate people Turned out to be a great trading port for importing/exporting goods Patroons-people who brought over 50 people to the colony and ran the area like a king

5. Fight for New Amsterdam England wanted the port city Sent a fleet to attack the city and England won King Charles II gave the land to his brother – Duke of York-renamed the colony New York

6. Colony of New York Proprietary colony-owner owned/controlled all the land/government Promised religious freedom Change of gov’t: – Before 1691-Governor and council appointed by the Duke of York (colonists had no say in the gov’t) – Colonists demanded/granted the right to vote by 1691

7. New Jersey Land given up by Duke of York created NJ Colony Proprietary Colony-John Berkeley/George Carteret Gave out land to get colonists Promised religious freedom, trial by jury, and a representative gov’t Not profitable-both men sold their shares NJ became a royal colony

8. Colony of Pennsylvania 1680-William Penn collected a debt with the King to get the colony started Quakers- – believed that you did not have to go to church for religious truths – Pacifists-did not believe in fighting – Not popular in England

9. Plan for Pennsylvania Set up for religious toleration – Philadelphia-City of Brotherly Love Penn-America’s 1 st town planner/colony’s constitution writer Paid for all lands taken from the natives Had an elected representative gov’t

10. Workers for Southern Colonies Tobacco/building colonies was labor intensive England emptied prisons to build the colonies Indentured Servants could work off debt by going to colonies and working for 3-7 years Slaves were brought to the colonies

11. Maryland Lord Baltimore inherited the colony from his dad before the colony started Lord Baltimore sent his 2 brothers to run the colony for him Colony for Catholics Grew tobacco, corn, wheat, fruit, and vegies Baltimore-port city/largest settlement

12. How did people get land in Maryland? Lord Baltimore gave family/friend large tracts of land Each colonist was given 100 acres of land along with land for each person he brought with him: – Wives got 100 acres – Servants got 100 acres – Each kid was given 50 acres

13. Act of Toleration Said Protestants and Catholics could worship freely to keep the peace Peace didn’t last long King of England made Maryland’s official church the Anglican Church – Punished Catholics for being Catholic just like in England

14. Virginia Expands: Land Problem/Solution By the 1640s, good farm land was gone on the coast Settlers started stealing land inland from the coast from natives Settlers blamed the gov’t for not protecting them from native attacks

15. Virginia Expands-Bacon’s Rebellion Nathaniel Bacon-tobacco farmer wants more land Steals native lands – Burned down native villages and Jamestown – Forced the governor out of Virginia Results: – British troops came over to put down rebellion – Militia was created to push out natives of land and protect the settlers

16. Start of the Carolina Colonies Started off as 1 colony 8 people were given control Founded Charleston Conflict started between the men of how to govern the land Carolina split into North and South Carolina

17. North and South Carolina North Carolina: – Mostly tobacco farmers – Cut down trees and sold tar for ship building South Carolina: – Richer than NC – Better farm land-rice and indigo=cash crops – Traded deer, lumber, and beef – Highest use of slave labor in the colonies

18. Georgia Founded in 1733 Created for English debtors and poor people Led by James Oglethorpe England used Georgia to block Spanish from coming into the other English colonies

19. Georgia’s plan Created small farms Outlawed slavery, Catholics, and rum Ended up as a refugee colony for Europe’s unwanted groups Oglethorpe lost control of the colony – Slavery and rum was now allowed Control given back to the king of England