1. Reminders Exam II on April 8 (NOT APRIL 3!!!) Exam II on April 8 (NOT APRIL 3!!!) Activity 2 due Thursday (3/30) Activity 2 due Thursday (3/30)

2. Review What is program music? What is program music? What is absolute music? What is absolute music? Program music was considered progressive, absolute music conservative. Program music was considered progressive, absolute music conservative. What is the story of Berlioz’s Symphony fantastique? What is the story of Berlioz’s Symphony fantastique? What do the two movements we listened to depict? What do the two movements we listened to depict?

3. Review What is the idée fixe? The Dies irae? What is the idée fixe? The Dies irae? What are some of the musical differences between classical and Romantic music? What are some of the musical differences between classical and Romantic music?

4. Smetana and Nationalism Bedrich Smetana (1824-84) Bedrich Smetana (1824-84) Founder of Czech national school of music Founder of Czech national school of music A Bohemian born composer who was caught up in the political movement for independence from Austria A Bohemian born composer who was caught up in the political movement for independence from Austria Ties into a larger tend of nationalism everywhere Ties into a larger tend of nationalism everywhere

5. Smetana and Nationalism 8 operas in the Czech language 8 operas in the Czech language Dance music Dance music Programmatic works, depicting aspects of his homeland Programmatic works, depicting aspects of his homeland

6. Smetana's Ma Vlast Means “My Fatherland” Means “My Fatherland” a series of 6 symphonic poems a series of 6 symphonic poems Definition of Symphonic poem (also called tone poem) Definition of Symphonic poem (also called tone poem) a new genre a new genre a single movement orchestral work a single movement orchestral work Based on an extramusical program Based on an extramusical program

7. The Moldau A symphonic poem from Ma Vlast Named after a river in Bohemia Story of the tone poem is about different parts of Bohemia as the river as it flows through it

8. The Moldau Some things represented in music... -bubbling brook (source of the river -The mighty stream: broad expansive melodies -Hunting scene: brass fanfares Some things represented in music... -bubbling brook (source of the river -The mighty stream: broad expansive melodies -Hunting scene: brass fanfares

9. The Moldau -Peasant dance: polka-like dance rhythms -Nymphs in the moonlight: special instrumental effects, high strings, harp etc. -St. John rapids: agitated, frantic music -Peasant dance: polka-like dance rhythms -Nymphs in the moonlight: special instrumental effects, high strings, harp etc. -St. John rapids: agitated, frantic music

10. The Moldau -Largest part of the River: exuberant triumphant music -Castle Vysehrad: hymn-like, triumphant section -River flows on, fading away -Largest part of the River: exuberant triumphant music -Castle Vysehrad: hymn-like, triumphant section -River flows on, fading away

11. The Romantic symphony More conservative composers still writing absolute music... More conservative composers still writing absolute music... Four-(or more) movements in traditional forms: sonata allergo, scherzo-trio, etc. Four-(or more) movements in traditional forms: sonata allergo, scherzo-trio, etc.

12. Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904) A Bohemian (Czech) composer A Bohemian (Czech) composer Wrote both program music and absolute music Wrote both program music and absolute music Wrote music in the character of Czech folk melodies (a nationalistic thing) Wrote music in the character of Czech folk melodies (a nationalistic thing) Spent some time in the US… Spent some time in the US… And encouraged US composers to use their own folk music And encouraged US composers to use their own folk music

13. Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904) Americans followed European models Americans followed European models Dvorak: the best folk material for Americans was African-American music Dvorak: the best folk material for Americans was African-American music He had African-American students and learned spirituals from them He had African-American students and learned spirituals from them

14. Dvorak: New World Symphony Written in the US Written in the US Standard 4-movement symphony, with traditional forms Standard 4-movement symphony, with traditional forms Loosely based on Longfellow’s Song of Hiawatha Loosely based on Longfellow’s Song of Hiawatha melody of slow movement has the character of an African-American spiritual (Goin’ Home) melody of slow movement has the character of an African-American spiritual (Goin’ Home)

15. Johannes Brahms Known for being a more conservative composer… Known for being a more conservative composer… Because he wrote in traditional forms... Because he wrote in traditional forms... And most works don’t have programmatic titles And most works don’t have programmatic titles

16. Johannes Brahms Wrote 4 symphonies Wrote 4 symphonies Among the best known in the repertory Among the best known in the repertory Wrote the first one at age 40 (afraid of the standard Beethoven set) Wrote the first one at age 40 (afraid of the standard Beethoven set)

17. Johannes Brahms Symphony #3 Symphony #3 Not on assigned listening Not on assigned listening Uses sonata form Uses sonata form Development varies theme 1 and moves away from the tonic (main key0 Development varies theme 1 and moves away from the tonic (main key0