1. Chapter 7 Electrical properties

2. Typical values of electrical conductivity

3. Formation of polyacetylene and polyethylene

4. Polyparaphenylene and polypyrrole

5. TCNQ, TTF,…

6. Electrical resistance of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7

7. Meissner effect showing repulsion of a superconductor

8. Levitation inaction

9. Type I and II superconductors

10. Some superconducting materials

11. Perovskite-related cuperate structures showing octahedral YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6 YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 BaTiO 3 Rb x WO 3 ABO 3 A 3 B 3 O 9-2 A 3 B 3 O 9-3 Cu 2+ Cu + Cu 2+ Cu 3+ Y Ba

12. Perovskite-related cuperate structures showing square planar

13. Cu +3, d 8 ; Cu +2, d 9 ; and Cu(I), d 10 s 1

14. Crystal structures of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 and YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6

15. T c vs oxygen content YBa 2 Cu 3 O  YBa 2 Cu 3 O  Pressure of O 2 in bars Oxygen loss on heating

16. T c as a function of lattice parameter for K 3 C 60 more metallicless metallic The interaction of C 60 3- anions determines conductivity.

17. Conductivity of metals, semiconductors and insulators

18. Relation between electronic properties and magnitude of the band gap

19. p-type semiconductivity in gallium-doped silicon

20. n-type semiconductivity in arsenic-doped silicon

21. A pn junction

22. Migration of cation vacancies

23. Schematic ionic conductivity of doped NaCl crystal E m = activation energy of cation migration E f = activation energy to form Schottky defects  = ne  0 exp(-E m /RT) n = N exp(-E f /2RT) Low temp High temp Na 1-2x Mn x V x Cl

24. Pathway for Na + migration in NaCl

25. Triangular interstice

26. Ionic conductivity of pure NaCl as a function of temperature

27. Conductivity in NaCl crystals

28. Migration of interstitial Ag + ions by direct interstitial jump and indirect interstitialcy mechanism

29. Effect of Cd +2 on conductivity of AgCl crystals  depends on [Ag i + ] Addition of Cd 2+ decreases [Ag i + ] first, then increase [V Ag ]. This indicates more than one mechanisms for conductivity.

30. Solid electrolytes as intermediate between normal crystalline solids and liquids

31. Ionic conductivity of some solid electrolytes LT HT

32. Oxide layers in  -alumina

33. Oxide packing in  - and  ’’-alumina

34. Conduction plane in  -alumina

35. Conductivity of PbF 2 An example of F - anionic conductor

36. Some oxide ion conductors

37. Electrochemical cell containing a solid electrolyte

38. Components of a secondary lithium battery

39. A thin film electrochromic device

40. Oxygen concentration cell

41. Dielectric material between two plates of a parallel plate capacitor

42. Hysteresis loop of a ferroelectric

43. Some ferroelectric materials

44. Spontaneous polarization of a TiO 6 octahedron in BaTiO 3

45. Dipole orientation in a ferroelectric, an antiferroelectric, and a ferrielectric

46. Ferroelectric domains separated by a domain wall or boundary

47. Dielectric constant for barium titanate ceramic paraelectricantiferroelectric  ‘= C/(T-  ) Curie-Weiss Law

48. Antiferroelectric-ferroelectric transition in PbZrO 3 as a function of applied field antiferroelectric ferroelectric

49. Displacement of phosphorus within a PO 2 (OH) 2