1. City Life in the North

2. The Industrial Revolution completely changed the way people lived.
Families before the Industrial Revolution:
Lived further apart
Were self sufficient

3. I. CITY LIFE
A. Because of the Industrial Revolution, people moved to cities to be near factories.

4. B. Immigrants from other countries increased in number because they did not have to have $ to pay for land, and the jobs required little training.

5. These growing cities had new dangers:
1. Fire
2. Sewage

6. 3. Poor Roads
Disease spread quickly

7. II. Factory Life

8. A. Factory shifts were usually 12 hour shifts
B. All members of the family worked in factories.

9. C. Small children were useful because they could climb on the machinery and their little hands could reach parts that an adult’s could not.
D. Women and children earned ½ the wage (pay) that the men did for the same job.

11. E. There was no workmen’s compensation or health insurance, so if you were hurt on the job, you would probably be fired.

13. III. Unions

14. A. Many workers believed that the factory working conditions were unfair.

15. B. These workers found that working together accomplished more than one person could alone.

16. C. The groups formed by workers to protect their rights and change their work environments were called trade unions, or shortened to just unions.

17. D. These unions pushed for shorter hours, more pay, and safer conditions.

18. E. One tool unions used to bargain with their employers was the strike.
A strike is when workers refuse to work until their demands are met.

19. F. Unions still exist today in many areas of work
F. Unions still exist today in many areas of work. Strikes are still an effective tool of negotiation!