1. Submitting projects to the National Geodetic Survey for inclusion into the National Spatial Reference System Donald.Mulcare@noaa.gov NOAA,NGS State Advisor to Maryland 410.545.8963 (voice) Blue Booking

2. OVERVIEW ( 1 of 2) Data must be submitted in digital form using NGS specified formats. Minimum accuracy order is 1 st order horizontal and 2 nd order vertical Data standards and accuracies must be verified by provider using NGS software. Monumentation must be uniquely identified and conform to NGS standards.

3. OVERVIEW (2 of 2) Original field records (or acceptable copies) must be submitted. Station descriptions must be provided using the NGS WDDPROC software. A project report and survey sketch are required. Users must submit a minimally constrained and a fully constrained adjustment.

4. Is there a fee? There is no charge for quality review, archiving and the distribution of data if the requirements are met. While the NGS project reviewers may fix minor errors in a project submission, they will return a project if numerous errors are found.

5. OVERVIEW Obtain software and documentation. Prepare a plan and submit it to NGS. Observe project according to plan. Reduce observations to vectors. Organize data and prepare needed files. Perform adjustments (free and constrained) Check project accuracies and write report.

6. Software You Need ELLACC WDDPROC ADJUST CR8BB BBACCUR MODGEE QQRECORD ELEVUP MAKE86 COMPGB CHKOBS WCHKDESC OBSDES

7. Documentation

11. Create an Observation Plan Complete station listing (new and existing) Sketch of network. Characteristics of monuments established. Occupation scheme (number and length of time) Intended accuracy. Types and number of instruments.

12. Submit Plan to NGS for Approval The NGS Project Development Branch must approve your plan. A response will be provided within 10 business days. Plans are reviewed for adherence to NGS published guidelines.

13. Observe Project Make observations according to the approved plan. Rubbings, photographs or detailed sketch are required of each point. Descriptions or recoveries are required for each point. Log sheets and obstruction diagrams are required for all points.

14. Reduce observations to vectors Perform data reductions using your software. Verify solutions are good. Either compute all possible baselines or the independent baselines only. For height modernization surveys use the specifications in TM 58.

15. Create Required Files NGS program ADJUST uses three input files: B-File - station occupation records and station a priori positions A-File - adjustment parameters and constraints G-File – GPS vectors, standard deviations and correlations.

16. INPUT FILES - “BLUE BOOK” Header Records (*10*, *12*, *13*) GPS Occupation Records (*25*, *27*) Instrument Records (*70*, *72*) Control Point Records (*80*) Height Record (*86*)

17. INPUT FILES - GFILE A - Project Record B - Session Header Record C - Vector Record D - Correlation Record

18. INPUT FILES - ADJUSTMENT FILE CC - Constrained Coordinate Record DD - Dimensionality Record II - Iteration Record MM - Adjustment Mode Record PP - Print Output Record QQ - Accuracy Computation Record

19. ADJUSTMENT FLOW “Blue Book” GFILE AFILE ADJUST Adjusted “Blue Book” Adjustment Output VALIDITY CHECKING PROGRAMS

20. Input Formats and Specifications of the National Geodetic Survey Data Base Volume I. Horizontal Control,Data Silver Spring, MD 20910 September 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Ocean Service Coast and Geodetic Survey

21. “INPUT FORMATS” TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 - HORIZONTAL CONTROL (HZTL) DATA Chapter 2 - HORIZONTAL OBSERVATION (HZTL OBS) DATA Chapter 3 - GEODETIC CONTROL DESCRIPTIVE (GEOD DESC) DATA ANNEX A - NGS STATE AND COUNTRY CODES ANNEX B - STATE PLANE COORDINATES (SPC) ZONE CODES ANNEX C - CONTRIBUTORS OF GEODETIC CONTROL DATA ANNEX D - GUIDELINES FOR CONTROL POINT DESIGNATIONS ANNEX E - STATIONS ORDER-AND-TYPE (OT) CODES ANNEX F - NGS SURVEY EQUIPMENT CODES ANNEX G - ELLIPSOID HEIGHT ORDER-AND-CLASS (OC) CODES ANNEX H - STANDARD TIME ZONES ANNEX I - SUMMARY OF CODES USED IN GEODETIC SURVEY POINT DEXCRIPTIONS ANNEX J - GPS ANTENNA CODES (Superceded by ANNEX M) ANNEX K - PROJECT REPORT INSTRUCTIONS ANNEX L - GUIDELINES FOR SUBMITTING GPS RELATIVE POSITIONING DATA ANNEX M - GPS ANTENNA CODES (This new annex supercedes ANNEX J) ANNEX N - GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM DATA TRANSFER FORMAT

22. “BLUE BOOK” FILE TABLE 2-1 HORIZONTAL OBSERVATION DATA SET RECORDS ______________________________________________________________________ | [FIRST RECORD] | | *aa* - Data Set Identification Record | | *10* - Project Title Record | | *11* - Project Title Continuation Record | | *12* - Project Information Record | | *13* - Geodetic Datum and Ellipsoid Record | | *20* - Horizontal Direction Set Record | |. | | *25* - GPS Occupation Header Record | | *26* - GPS Occupation Comment Record (optional) | | *27* - GPS Occupation Measurement Record | | *28* - GPS Clock Synchronization Record | | *29* - GPS Clock Synchronization Comment Record (optional) | | *30* - Horizontal Angle Set Record | |. | |. (Distances, Vertical Angles, Azimuths) | |. | | ________________________________ | |

23. TABLE 2-1 (con’t) | ________________________________ | | *70* - Instrument Record | | *71* - GPS Antenna Record [Superseded by *72* Record] | | *80* - Control Point Record | | *81* - Control Point Record (UTM/SPC) | | *82* - Reference or Azimuth Mark Record | | *83* - Bench Mark Record [discontinued - Use *86* record instead] | | *84* - Geoid Height Record (Optional) [discontinued-Use *86*] | | *85* - Deflection Record (Optional) | | *86* - Orthometric Height, Geoid Height, Ellipsoid Height Record | | *90* - Fixed Control Record | | [LAST RECORD] | | *aa* - Data Set Termination Record | |____________________________________________________________________| ______________________________________________________________________ Note: The symbol "aa" denotes the two-character job code assigned by the submitting organization - see Chapter 1. “BLUE BOOK” FILE (con’t)

24. *25* GPS OCCUPATION HEADER RECORD *25* FORMAT CC 01-06SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. MUST BE AN INCREMENT OF 10 FROM PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07-10DATA CODE. MUST BE *25*. CC 11-14STATION SERIAL NUMBER (SSN). INSTRUMENT STATION. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SEE CHAPTER 1, PAGES 1-2 THRU 1-6, JOB CODE AND SURVEY POINT NUMBERING; CHAPTER 2, PAGES 2-8 THRU 2-9, OBSERVATION DATA RECORDS; PAGES 2-12 THRU 2-14, ASSIGNMENT OF STATION SERIAL NUMBERS; AND PAGE 2-14, TREATMENT OF ECCENTRIC OBSERVATIONS. CC 15-24DATA MEDIA IDENTIFIER. A CODE WHICH SPECIFICALLY DEFINES THE RECEIVER TYPE, DAY, YEAR, SESSION, AND STATION OBSERVED. FOR USE IN THE B-FILE AND G-FILE. SEE ANNEX L, PAGES L-1 AND L-2. THE FORMAT OF A DATA MEDIA IDENTIFIER IS: ADDDYSNNNN, WHERE: AIS THE CHARACTER WHICH INDICATES THE RECEIVER MANUFACTURER: A = ASHTECH, INC; C = TOPCON CORP; D = DEL NORTE TECHNOLOGY, INC; G = ALLEN OSBORNE ASSOCIATES, INC; I = ISTAC, INC; L = MINI-MAC TM ; M = Macrometer R ; N = NORSTAR INSTRUMENTS, LTD; O = MOTOROLA, INC; R = TRIMBLE NAVIGATION, LTD; S = SERCEL, INC; T = TEXAS INSTRUMENTS,INC; W = LEICA HEERBRUGG AG-WILD HEERBRUGG-MAGNAVOX, INC; V = NOVATEL COMMUNICATIONS, LTD; X = OTHER DDD IS THE DAY OF YEAR OF THE FIRST DATA EPOCH (UTC) Y IS THE LAST DIGIT OF THE YEAR OF THE FIRST DATA EPOCH S IS THE LETTER OR NUMBER OF THE SESSION OBSERVED NNNN IS THE PROJECT UNIQUE, FOUR (4)-CHARACTER ABBREVIATION OF A STATION NAME.

25. *25* (Con’t) *25* FORMAT (CON’T) CC 25-27 INITIALS OF THE OBSERVER CC 28-30 JOB-SPECIFIC INSTRUMENT NUMBER. THE UNIQUE THREE-DIGIT NUMBER IN THE RANGE 001 TO 999 ASSIGNED TO THE INSTRUMENT USED TO OBTAIN THIS OBSERVATION. THIS NUMBER WILL CROSS REFERENCE THE NGS SURVEY EQUIPMENT CODE IN THE *70* RECORD. CC 31-32LENGTH OF THE CABLE USED TO CONNECT RECEIVER AND ANTENNA. (XX) METERS CC 33-35JOB-SPECIFIC ANTENNA NUMBER (JSAN). THE UNIQUE THREE-DIGIT NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THE ANTENNA USED TO OBTAIN THIS OBSERVATION. THIS NUMBER WILL CROSS REFERENCE THE NGS ANTENNA CODE IN THE *71*/*72* RECORD. CC 36-80BLANK

26. *27* GPS OCCUPATION MEASUREMENT RECORD *27* FORMAT CC 01-06SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. MUST BE AN INCREMENT OF 10 FROM PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07-10DATA CODE. MUST BE *27*. CC 11-14STATION SERIAL NUMBER (SSN). INSTRUMENT STATION. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SEE CHAPTER 1, PAGES 1-2 THRU 1-6, JOB CODE AND SURVEY POINT NUMBERING; CHAPTER 2, PAGES 2-8 THRU 2-9, OBSERVATION DATA RECORDS; PAGES 2-12 THRU 2-13, ASSIGNMENT OF STATION SERIAL NUMBERS; CC 15-20DATE OF OBSERVATION.(UTC) YEAR, MONTH, DAY (YYMMDD). SEE CHAPTER 2, PAGES 2- 18, DATE AND TIME. CC 21-24TIME. HOURS, MINUTES (HHMM)(UTC). SEE CHAPTER 2, PAGE 2-7, TIME, AND PAGE 2- 18, DATE AND TIME. CC 25-29HEIGHT OF THE ANTENNA L1 PHASE CENTER ABOVE THE MONUMENT (XX.xxx) IN METERS.

27. *27* (Con’t) *27* FORMAT (Con’t) CC 30-33DRY BULB TEMPERATURE (XXX.x). ALL REQUIRED WEATHER INFORMATION CAN BE FOUND ON THE METEOROLOGICAL DATA PORTION OF THE OBSERVER'S FIELD LOG. IT IS IMPORTANT TO MAKE SURE YOU ARE ENTERING DATA FOR THE CORRECT SESSION (BEGINNING AND ENDING READINGS). CC 34 DRY BULB TEMPERATURE CODE (C/F). THE TEMPERATURE GIVEN MUST BE RECORDED IN CELSIUS OR FAHRENHEIT. NGS PREFERS CELSIUS. CC 35-38WET BULB TEMPERATURE (XXX.x). SEE DRY BULB TEMPERATURE. CC 39WET BULB TEMPERATURE CODE (C/F). SEE DRY BULB TEMPERATURE CODE. CC 40-42RELATIVE HUMIDITY (XX.x). ENTER THE PERCENTAGE OF RELATIVE HUMIDITY AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE SESSION. CC 43-48BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (XXXX.xx). (AT INITIATION AND COMPLETION) (ALLOWABLE UNITS MM, MB OR IN) THE BAROMETRIC PRESSURE CAN ALSO BE FOUND IN THE OBSERVER’S FIELD LOG. CC 49-50BAROMETRIC PRESSURE CODE. (MM, MB, IN) NGS PREFERS MB. MM - MILLIMETERS OF MERCURY MB - MILLIBARS IN - INCHES OF MERCURY CC 51-55WEATHER CODE. THE FIRST COLUMN OF THIS CODE (51) IS A PROBLEM INDICATOR FOLLOWED BY VISIBILITY, TEMPERATURE, CLOUD COVER AND WIND INDICATORS IN SUCCESSION. FOR INFORMATION CONCERNING THE WEATHER CODE TO BE USED IN CONNECTION WITH GEOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS, SEE CHAPTER 2, PAGES 2-10. CC 56-80 BLANK

28. *70* INSTRUMENT RECORD *70* FORMAT CC 01-06SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. MUST BE AN INCREMENT OF 10 FROM THE PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07-10DATA CODE. MUST BE *70*. CC 11-13JOB-SPECIFIC INSTRUMENT NUMBER (JSIN). MUST BE UNIQUE FOR EACH INSTRUMENT IN JOB. SEE PAGES 2-10 AND 2-28. CC 14-16NGS SURVEY EQUIPMENT CODE. SEE ANNEX F. USED TO IDENTIFY THE INSTRUMENT WHICH WAS ASSIGNED THE JSIN IN CC 11-13 ABOVE. CC 17-20RESOLUTION OF THE INSTRUMENT. RECORD THE SIZE OF THE SMALLEST DIRECTLY READABLE MEASUREMENT UNIT OR THE RESOLUTION PUBLISHED BY THE INSTRUMENT MANUFACTURER, WHICHEVER IS LARGER (XXxx). CC 21-22UNITS. UNITS OF THE RESOLUTION USED IN CC 17-20 ABOVE. SEE PAGE 2-28, RESOLUTION OF THE INSTRUMENT AND UNITS. CC 23-40MANUFACTURER OF THE INSTRUMENT. SEE ANNEX F. (EXAMPLES: WILD, ZEISS/JENA, HEWLETT PACKARD). CC 41-62TYPE OF INSTRUMENT OR TRADE NAME. SEE ANNEX F. (EXAMPLES; DIRECTION THEODOLITE, CALIB INVAR TAPE, RANGE MASTER, TELLUROMETER). CC 63-70MODEL OR CLASS OF INSTRUMENT. SEE ANNEX F. (EXAMPLES: T-3, MA-100, 30-MT, 100- FT). CC 71-80SERIAL NUMBER. ALPHANUMERIC AND LEFT JUSTIFIED. LEAVE BLANK IF THE SERIAL NUMBER IS NOT KNOWN.

29. *72* GPS ANTENNA RECORD GPS ANTENNA RECORD (*72*) [Note: This record supersedes the *71* record] cC 01-06SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. MUST BE AN INCREMENT OF 10 FROM THE PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07-10DATA CODE. MUST BE *72* CC 11-13JOB SPECIFIC ANTENNA NUMBER (JSAN). MUST BE UNIQUE FOR EACH ANTENNA IN JOB. CC 14-16RESERVED CC 17-36NGS ANTENNA CODE. SEE ANNEX M. USED TO IDENTIFY THE ANTENNA WHICH WAS ASSIGNED THE JSAN IN CC 11-13 ABOVE. CC 37-44RESERVED CC 45-64SERIAL NUMBER. ALPHANUMERIC AND LEFT JUSTIFIED. LEAVE BLANK IF THE SERIAL NUMBER IS NOT KNOWN. CC 65-80BLANK

30. *80* CONTROL POINT RECORD *80* FORMAT CC 01 ‑ 06 SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. INCREMENT BY 10 FROM THE PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07 ‑ 10 DATA CODE. MUST BE *80*. CC 11 ‑ 14 STATION SERIAL NUMBER (SSN). SEE PAGES 1 ‑ 1, JOB CODE AND SURVEY POINT NUMBERING AND 2 ‑ 12, ASSIGNMENT OF STATION SERIAL NUMBERS. CC 15 ‑ 44 STATION NAME. MUST NOT EXCEED 30 CHARACTERS. THE NAME OF A HORIZONTAL CONTROL POINT WITH PERIPHERAL REFERENCE MARKS AND/OR AZIMUTH MARKS MUST NOT EXCEED 24 CHARACTERS TO ALLOW FOR ADDING RM 1, RM 2, AND/OR AZ MK TO THE NAME WITHOUT EXCEEDING THE 30 CHARACTER LENGTH LIMIT. CC 45 ‑ 55 LATITUDE. DEGREES, MINUTES, SECONDS (DDMMSSsssss). CC 56 DIRECTION OF LATITUDE. RECORD CODE "N" FOR NORTH OR CODE "S" FOR SOUTH. CC 57 ‑ 68 LONGITUDE. DEGREES, MINUTES, SECONDS, (DDDMMSSsssss). CC 69 DIRECTION OF LONGITUDE. RECORD CODE "E" FOR EAST OR CODE "W" FOR WEST. NGS PREFERS THAT YOU USE THE NEW *86* RECORD FOR RECORDING THE ELEVATION (ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT) AND ELEVATION CODE INSTEAD OF THE TWO DATA FIELDS THAT FOLLOW. REFER TO PAGES 2-83 THRU 2-85.

31. *80* CONTROL POINT RECORD *80* FORMAT (Con’t) CC 70 ‑ 75 ELEVATION. RECORD ELEVATION OF MARK ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL. IN METERS (MMMMmm). ENTER THE ELEVATION TO THE NEAREST CENTIMETER (cm). IF MEASUREMENT IS ONLY OBSERVED TO THE NEAREST DECIMETER (dm), LEAVE CC 75 BLANK, IF OBSERVED ONLY TO THE NEAREST METER (M), LEAVE CC 74-75 BLANK. THE APPROPRIATE ELEVATION CODE MUST BE ENTERED IN CC 76. REFER TO PAGES 2 ‑ 34 and 2 ‑ 35, ELEVATION AND ELEVATION CODE. CC 76 ELEVATION CODE. CC 77 ‑ 78 STATE OR COUNTRY CODE. IF THE CONTROL STATE IS LOCATED IN THE UNITED STATES/CANADA, ENTER THE CODE FROM ANNEX A FOR THE STATE/PROVINCE OR TERRITORY WHICH CONTAINS THE STATION. IF NOT, ENTER THE CODE FROM ANNEX A FOR THE COUNTRY WHICH CONTAINS THE STATION. SEE ANNEX A. CC 79 ‑ 80 STATION ORDER AND TYPE. REFER TO PAGES 2 ‑ 35 THRU 2 ‑ 38, STATION ORDER AND TYPE AND SEE ANNEX E.

32. *86* CONTROL POINT RECORD *86* FORMAT CC 01-06 SEQUENCE NUMBER. RIGHT JUSTIFIED. INCREMENT BY 10 FROM THE PREVIOUS RECORD. CC 07-10 DATA CODE. MUST BE *86*. CC 11-14 STATION SERIAL NUMBER (SSN). CC 15-16 BLANK CC 17-23 ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT. IN METERS (MMMMmmm). CC 24 ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT CODE. SEE FOLLOWING TABLES. CC 25-26 ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT ORDER AND CLASS. USE PUBLISHED VERTICAL ORDER AND CLASS, OTHERWISE LEAVE BLANK. CC 27 ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT NGSIDB INDICATOR. SEE FOLLOWING TABLES. CC 28-29 ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT DATUM. SEE FOLLOWING TABLES. CC 30-35 ORGANIZATION WHICH ESTABLISHED AND/OR MAINTAINS THE ORTHOMETRIC HEIGHT OF THE CONTROL POINT. ENTER THE ABBREVIATION LISTED IN ANNEX C OR ON THE DATASET IDENTIFICATION RECORD. CC 36-42 GEOID HEIGHT. ABOVE (POSITIVE) OR BELOW (NEGATIVE) THE REFERENCE ELLIPSOID. IN METERS (MMMMmmm). CC 43 GEOID HEIGHT CODE. SEE FOLLOWING TABLES. CC 44-45 BLANK. CC 46-52 ELLIPSOID HEIGHT. IN METERS (MMMMmmm). CC 53 ELLIPSOID HEIGHT CODE. SEE FOLLOWING TABLES. CC 54-55 ELLIPSOID HEIGHT ORDER AND CLASS. SEE ANNEX G. CC 56 ELLIPSOID HEIGHT DATUM. CC 57-80 COMMENTS.

33. CR8BB Program

34. CR8BB Session Info

35. B-File Session Info

36. INPUT FILES - GFILE A - Project Record B - Session Header Record C - Vector Record D - Correlation Record

37. Sample GFILE

38. GFILE - PROJECT RECORD Project Record 01 ‑ 01 A 02 ‑ 03 Job Code (Chapter 1) Alpha 04 ‑ 07 Year, Start of Project (local) (CCYY) Integer 08 ‑ 09 Month, Start of Project (local) (MM) Integer 10 ‑ 11 Day, Start of Project (local) (DD) Integer 12 ‑ 15 Year, End of Project (local) (CCYY) Integer 16 ‑ 17 Month, End of Project (local) (MM) Integer 18 ‑ 19 Day, End of Project (local) (DD) Integer 20 ‑ 78 Title of project Alpha 79-80 Reserved

39. GFILE - SESSION HEADER RECORD Session Header Record 01-01 B 02-05 Year, First Actual Measurement (UTC) (CCYY)Alpha 06-07 Month, First Actual Measurement (UTC) (MM) Integer 08-09 Day, First Actual Measurement (UTC) (DD)Integer 10-13 Time, First Actual Measurement (UTC) (DD) Integer 14-17 Year, Last Actual Measurement (UTC) (CCYY) Integer 18-19 Month, Last Actual Measurement (UTC) (MM) Integer 20-21 Day, Last Actual Measurement (UTC) (DD) Integer 22-25 Time, First Actual Measurement (UTC) (DD) Integer 26-27 Number of Vectors in SessionInteger 28-42 Software Name and VersionAlpha 43-47 Orbit Source (agency that computes orbit)Alpha 48-51 Orbit accuracy estimate (XXX.x meters)Implied Decimal

40. GFILE - SESSION HEADER RECORD Session Header Record (con’t) 52-53 Solution Coordinate System code(table, N-6)Integer 54-55 Solution meteorological use code(table, N-6)Integer 56-57 Solution ionosphere use code(table, N-6)Integer 58-59 Solution time parameter use code(table, N-6)Integer 60-60 Nominal accuracy code(table, N-6)Integer 61-66 Processing agency code(Annex C) Alpha 67-70 Year of processing(CCYY) Integer 71-72 Month of processing (MM)Integer 73-74 Day of processing (DD)Integer 75-80 Solution type(table, N-7)Integer

41. GFILE - VECTOR RECORD Vector Record 01-01 C 02-05 Origin Station Serial Number (ssn) vector tailInteger 06-09 Differential Station Serial Numbervector headInteger 10-20 Delta X(XXXXXXX.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 21-25 Standard Deviation(X.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 26-36 Delta Y(XXXXXXX.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 37-41 Standard Deviation(X.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 42-52 Delta Z(XXXXXXX.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 53-57 Standard Deviation(X.xxxx meters)Implied Decimal 58-58 Rejection code (use upper case R to reject) Alpha 59-68 Origin Station Data Media Identifier(see page N-6) 69-78 Differential Station Data Media Identifier(see page N-6) 79-80 Reserved Note: Standard deviation values must be positive, non-zero numbers

42. GFILE - CORRELATION RECORD Correlation Record 01-01 D 02-04 Row Index NumberInteger 05-07 Column Index NumberInteger 08-16 Correlation(XX.xxxxxxx meters)Implied Decimal 17-19 Row Index NumberInteger 20-22 Column Index NumberInteger 23-31 Correlation(XX.xxxxxxx meters)Implied Decimal 32-34 Row Index NumberInteger 35-37 Column Index NumberInteger 38-46 Correlation(XX.xxxxxxx meters)Implied Decimal 47-49 Row Index NumberInteger 50-52 Column Index NumberInteger 53-61 Correlation(XX.xxxxxxx meters)Implied Decimal 62-64 Row Index NumberInteger 65-67 Column Index NumberInteger 68-76 Correlation(XX.xxxxxxx meters)Implied Decimal 79-80 Reserved

43. INPUT FILES - ADJUSTMENT FILE CC - Constrained Coordinate Record DD - Dimensionality Record II - Iteration Record MM - Adjustment Mode Record PP - Print Output Record QQ - Accuracy Computation Record

44. INPUT FILES - ADJUSTMENT FILE

45. AFILE - CC Record CC ‑ Constrained Coordinate Record A Constrained Coordinate record specifies that a station is a control point, that its coordinate(s) are constrained or "held fixed" during the adjustment. This record follows the format of the Blue Book *80* record. Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 CC 03 ‑ 10 Reserved 11 ‑ 14 Station Serial Number (integer) 15 ‑ 20 Latitude Standard Deviation (integer) 21 ‑ 26 Longitude Standard Deviation (integer) 27 ‑ 32 Height Standard Deviation (integer) 33 ‑ 44 Reserved 45 ‑ 46 Degrees Latitude (integer) 47 ‑ 48 Minutes Latitude (integer) 49 ‑ 55 Seconds Latitude (integer) 56 ‑ 56 Latitude Code (N ‑‑ POSITIVE NORTH) 57 ‑ 59 Degrees Longitude (integer) 60 ‑ 61 Minutes Longitude (integer) 62 ‑ 69 Seconds Longitude (integer) 56 ‑ 56 Longitude Code (W ‑‑ POSITIVE WEST) 70 ‑ 76 Height, units of millimeters (integer) 77 ‑ 80 Reserved

46. AFILE - DD Record DD ‑ Dimensionality Record The Dimensionality record controls the number of spatial dimensions in which the program adjusts. ADJUST may adjust in 1, 2, 2.5, or 3 dimensions. Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 DD 03 ‑ 03 Dimensions of adjustment, no default (integer) “3” for a 3 dimensional adjustment 04 ‑ 05 ".5" for a 2.5 dimensional adjustment 06 ‑ 80 Reserved

47. AFILE - II Record II ‑ Iteration Record The Iteration record options control the conditions for ceasing to iterate the adjustment solution and what is printed after the iterations are completed. The absolute value of the maximum allowable normalized residual may be changed with this record. Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 II 03 ‑ 04 Maximum number of iterations, default 5 (integer) 05 ‑ 08 Maximum allowable normalized residual (integer) 09 ‑ 11 Minimum printed normalized residual (integer) 12 ‑ 17 RMS station coordinate convergence tolerance(integer) 18 ‑ 18 Display results for slowly converging or for diverging solution 19 ‑ 19 Create adjusted option File (AFILE) and adjusted data (Blue Book) File at the end of each iteration 20 ‑ 26 Adjusted Option File Name, default is "NEWAF" 27 ‑ 80 Reserved

48. AFILE - MM Record MM ‑ Adjustment Mode Record The Adjustment Mode record controls the mode of adjustment, that is, to not iterate (Mode 0), or what should be done after The next two options on this record control whether or not a new Blue Book file should be created containing the adjusted positions. If it is to be created, a name for the file can be specified. Mode 0 ‑ This is a simulation mode. There are no iterations. This mode is normally used for network design with simulated data. Mode 1 ‑ The standard deviations of the residuals are assumed to be the same as the standard deviations of the observations. Also, the standard deviations of the parameters and station locations are not calculated. Mode 2 ‑ Same as Mode 1 except standard deviations of parameters and station locations are calculated. Mode 3 ‑ Same as Mode 2 except standard deviations of residuals are calculated.

49. AFILE - MM Record MM ‑ Adjustment Mode Record Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 MM 03 ‑ 03 Mode indicator 3 -- Compute normal residuals and inverse 04 ‑ 04 Post ‑ adjustment indicator N (default) ‑‑ DO NOT SCALE STANDARD DEVIATIONS BY A ‑ POSTERIORI STANDARD DEVIATION OF UNIT WEIGHT Y ‑‑ Scale standard deviations by a-posteriori standard deviation of unit weight 05 ‑ 05 Create Adjusted Data (Blue Book) File Y ‑‑ Create adjusted data file 06 ‑ 12 Adjusted Data File Name 13 ‑ 13 Abort if solution is singular 14 ‑ 14 Create Adjusted Position File 15 ‑ 21 Adjusted Position File Name 22 ‑ 80 Reserved

50. AFILE - PP Record PP ‑ Print Output Record The Print Output record contains the options for controlling what is listed in the output and with what format. Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 PP 03 ‑ 03 Echo Blue Book File 0 ‑‑ ECHO ALL BLUE BOOK RECORDS (default) 1 ‑‑ Echo observations only 2 ‑‑ Echo large misclosures only 04 ‑ 04 Echo G ‑ Format File 0 ‑‑ ECHO ALL G ‑ FORMAT RECORDS (default) 1 ‑‑ Echo observations only 2 ‑‑ Echo large misclosures only 05 ‑ 05 Display Constraints 06 ‑ 08 Residual Output Tolerance, units of 0.1 sigma 09 ‑ Display Direction... Angle... Zenith Distance... Distance... GPS... Constrained Residuals... Residuals Grouped Around Intersection Sta…. Position Shifts... Position Googe Numbers… Observational Summary... Adjusted Position …Doppler... -23 N ‑ E ‑ U GPS Residuals 24 ‑ 80 Reserved

51. AFILE - QQ Record QQ ‑ Accuracy Computation Record Accuracy Computation record directs that the adjusted value of the distance, azimuth, and vertical angle between two stations be calculated together with associated statistics indicating the accuracy of these adjusted quantities. Columns Descriptions and Defaults Type ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ 01 ‑ 02 QQ 03 ‑ 04 Classical and GPS survey order type (character) 1, 21, 22, 3 for classical surveys AA, A, B for a GPS survey 04 ‑ 10 Reserved 11 ‑ 14 Station Serial Number, required (integer) 15 ‑ 50 Reserved 51 ‑ 54 Station Serial Number, required (integer) 55 ‑ 80 Reserved

52. HORIZONTAL ADJUSTMENT “Blue Book” (Positions/ Heights) GFILE (Vectors) AFILE (Parameters) Free Adjustment Constrained Adjustment “Blue Book” Adjusted Positions Adjusted Ellipsoid Heights Adjustment Output Adjustment Output “Blue Book”

53. VERTICAL ADJUSTMENT “Blue Book” (Positions/ Heights) GFILE (Vectors) AFILE (Parameters) Vertical Free Adjustment Vertical Constrained Adjustment “Blue Book” Adjusted Orthometric Heights Geoid Heights Adjustment Output Adjustment Output “Blue Book”

54. ADJUSTMENT OUTPUT 1of3

55. ADJUSTMENT OUTPUT 2 of 3

56. ADJUSTMENT OUTPUT 3 of 3 First order projects are scaled by the standard deviation of unit weight. Higher order surveys are not.

57. GUIDELINES Gather Source Material ­Digitized Files ­Sketches ­Field Reports/Logs Keep Good Records for Final Report Identify Control - Horizontal and Vertical Verify Reference Systems ­System used for Reduction = System Used in Adjustment

58. GUIDELINES Validity Check Data Files ­CR8SER/COMPGB ­NEWCHKOB ­OBSCHK Run Free Adjustment ­Fix 1 position, 1 ellipsoid height ­Check for blunders within project (Reject Obs?) ­Scale Standard Errors (?)

59. GUIDELINES Run Horizontal Constrained Adjustment ­Fix all published positions and ellipsoid heights ­Evaluate residuals for consistency with control ­(Readjust Positions, Ellipsoid Heights?) Run Vertical Free Adjustment ­Add Geoid Heights ­Fix 1 position, one published orthometric height, confirm statistics match horizontal free

60. GUIDELINES Run Vertical Constrained Adjustment ­Add Geoid Heights ­Fix 1 position, all published orthometric heights ­Evaluate residuals for consistency with control (Readjust Orthometric Heights?) Run Free Adjustment to compute accuracies ­Fix 1 position and 1 ellipsoid height ­Determine if accuracies meet requirements (Readjust Positions?)

61. GUIDELINES Post processing ­Compute ellipsoid height accuracies ­Create final complete blue book file ­Rerun checking programs ­Write report Appendices ­Processing Programs ­Processing and Report Checklists

62. SUBMIT FROM OBSERVING SESSIONS: From each Station: - “To reach” description/recovery, corrections noted - Visibility Obstruction Diagram, corrections noted From each Observation Session: - Raw GPS Data on 3.5” diskette - RINEX2 Data (Obs and Nav files) on 3.5” diskette - Observation Log - Pencil Rubbing Form Note: keep for 5 years as backup - 3.5” diskettes of raw data, photocopy of Observation Logs

63. SUBMIT FROM ADJUSTMENT PROCESSING: The following may be ASCII files or paper listings unless otherwise noted. Keep backups until notified that the database has been loaded. Free Adjustment Constrained Horizontal Adjustment Constrained Vertical Adjustment (NAVD88) Free Adjustment with Accuracies Final combined Blue Book file (ASCII) Final Gfile (ASCII)

64. SUBMIT FROM ADJUSTMENT PROCESSING: Accuracy Listing - BBACCUR Output (paper) ELLACC Output COMPGB* Output OBSCHK* Output Copies of Data Used to Identify (Horizontal and Vertical) Fixed Control *Error or Warning Messages Must Be Explained

65. SUBMIT FROM ADJUSTMENT PROCESSING: CHKDESC* Output OBSDES* Output Final Description File (ASCII) *Error or Warning Messages Must Be Explained

66. PROJECT SUBMISSION CHECKLIST GPS PROJECTS Project Title: _____________________________________________ Accession Number: _____________________________________________ Submitting Agency: _____________________________________________ Observing Agency: _____________________________________________ Receiver Type: _____________________________________________ PACKAGE CONTENTS Project Report and Attachments Required For ( ) Project Report All Projects ( ) Approved Reconnaissance Project Sketch All Projects ( ) Project Instructions or Contract Specifications All Projects ( ) Final Station List All Projects ( ) Station Visibility Diagrams All Projects ( ) Final Observing Schedule All Projects ( ) Observation Logs All Projects ( ) Equipment Failure Logs NGS Projects ( ) Loop Misclosures Optional

67. PROJECT SUBMISSION CHECKLIST GPS PROJECTS (Con’t) ( ) Free Adjustment with Analysis All Project ( ) Free Adjustment with Accuracies All Projects ( ) Constrained Horizontal Adjustment All Projects ( ) Constrained Vertical Adjustment (NAVD88 Heights) All Projects ( ) Meteorological Instrument Comparison Logs If Specified ( ) Photographs of Views from Stations If Specified ( ) Photographs or Rubbings of Station Marks All Projects ( ) COMPGB Output (Validation program-B/G file) All Projects ( ) OBSDES Output (Validation program-D-file) All Project ( ) OBSCHK Output (Validation program-B- file) All Projects ( ) CHKDESC Output (Validation program-D-file) All Projects ( ) ELLACC Output All Projects ( ) BBACCUR Output All Projects Digitized Data Files ( ) Diskettes ( ) Other:_________________ ( ) Raw Phase Data (R-files) All Projects ( ) Base Line Vectors (G-file) All Projects ( ) Project and Station Occupation Data (B-file) All Projects ( ) Descriptions or Recovery Notes (D-file) All Projects ( ) Terrestrial Horizontal Observations (T-file) If Applicable ( ) Differential Leveling Observations (L-file) If Applicable Comments - Enter on the reverse side of this form.

68. NEW STANDARDS FOR GEODETIC CONTROL Two accuracy standards (http://fgdc.er.usgs.gov/standards/status/swgstat.html) local accuracy ------------- adjacent points network accuracy ---------- relative to CORS Numeric quantities, units in cm (or mm) Both are relative accuracy measures Do not use distance dependent expression Horizontal accuracies are radius of 2-D 95% error circle Ellipsoidal/Orthometric heights are 1-D (linear) 95% error

69. NATIONAL GEODETIC SURVEY USEFUL WEB SITES NGS PC Software: –ADJUST, ADJUST Utilities, COMPGB, CR8BB, DDPROC,GEOID96, HTDP, NADCON, VERTCON, and others http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PC_PROD/pc_prod.shtml NGS Tool Kit: –On-line Applications (includes OPUS) http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/TOOLS/ Publications of the National Geodetic Survey: –Catalog http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PC_PROD/pc_prod.shtml –On-line http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PC_PROD/pc_prod.shtml –On-line includes Guidelines for Establishing GPS-Derived Ellipsoid Heights (Standards: 2 CM and 5 CM),Version 4.3 http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PC_PROD/pc_prod.shtml

70. NATIONAL GEODETIC SURVEY USEFUL WEB SITES Input Formats and Specifications of the National Geodetic Survey Data Base (Blue Book): –http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/FGCS/BlueBook/ Policy Statement for Incorporation of Geodetic Data into the National Geodetic Survey Data Base: –http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/INFO/incorp_data.html Geospatial Positioning Accuracy Standards –http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/status/textstatus.html Frequently asked questions: –http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/faq.shtml

71. ASK A GEODESIST Do you have a scientific question? Ask one of the NGS scientists! If your question is about…Then ask... The geoidDru.Smith@noaa.gov Crustal motion Richard.Snay@noaa.gov Vertical Datum Dave.Zilkoski@noaa.gov Horizontal Datum Dave.Doyle@noaa.gov Heights, in generalRenee.Shields@noaa.gov CORSNeil.D.Weston@noaa.gov or Don.Haw@noaa.gov GeodeticAdvisorsGilbert.Mitchell@noaa.gov See the NGS Personnel Directory for current phone numbers.