1. Gas-Liquid Horizontal Flow
José L.H. Faccini and Paulo A.B. Sampaio
Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear CNEN
Brazil
Jian Su
Nuclear Engineering Program, COPPE
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Brasil
PASI 2007, August 2007, Mar del Plata, Argentina

2. Collaborators Prof. Jen-Shih Chang, McMaster
Prof. Glenn Harvel, Univ Ontario Inst Tech
Tatiana Masala, AECL
Dr. Carlos Lamy, IEN/CNEN
Jurandyr Cunha de Souza, COPPE/UFRJ

3. Gas-liquid two-phase stratified and intermittent horizontal flow using ultrasonic and high-speed visualization techniques

4. (Hewitt, Nuclear Eng. Design, 2005)

5. Two-Phase Flow – Steady State Operation
Steady state operation of two-phase flow in pipes means that the flow rate of the fluids (gas and liquid) are constant;
As a result, the conditions at any point in the pipe remains constant: the flow pattern, average void fraction, average pressure drop and average local flow rates do not vary with time;
two flow seldom is a truly steady state flow and averaging values are used over a time period characteristic of the flow pattern.

6. Gas-Liquid Vertical Flow

7. Gas-Liquid Horizontal Flow

8. Flow Regime Map

9. Definition of Basic Parameters
Void fraction and liquid holdup
Gas and liquid superficial velocities
Gas and liquid (phase) velocities
Volumetric fraction or nonslip holdup

10. Experimental Techniques
Interfering
Steady State
Slow transient
Fast Transient
Flow Regime
Local Void fraction
Averaged Void fraction
Void fraction distribution
Phase Velocity
Conductance
Yes No
Limited
Capacitance
Optical
techniques
Gamma ray
Need
Strong
Source
X-ray
Neutron
Radiography
Ultrasonic
Masala (2004)

11. Gas-Liquid Horizontal Flow Rig

12. Experimental flow regimes

13. Experimental Setup

14. Experimental Setup

15. Doppler Flowmeter
Doppler ultrasonic flowmeters operate on the Doppler effect, whereby the transmitted frequency is altered linearly by being reflected from particles and bubbles in the fluid. The net result is a frequency shift between transmitter and receiver frequencies that can be directly related to the flow rate.

16. Transit Time/Transmission Technique

17. Pulse-Echo Technique
Chang et al. (1982) e Morala e Chang (1986).

18. Ultrasonic Techniques
Dia:12/11/05 Hora:18:01:35
Valores Observações
3,949E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_000.txt
3,924E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_001.txt
3,928E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_002.txt
7,444E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_003.txt
3,932E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_004.txt
3,994E-5Arquivo escoamento_ST_005.txt

19. Ultrasonic Techiques

20. Liquid level measurement calibration

21. Liquid thickness in stratified flow

22. Gas-liquid horizontal flow setup (McMaster)

23. Ultrasonic System for Two-Phase Flow
CS12100 Card
Winspect
Software
Motor Controller
DMC 1800
Multiplexer … 1 4 2 UG 3 UL
Transducers PC
Masala (2004), Masala, Harvel, Su, Chang (2007)

24. Slug flow

25. Plug flow

26. Visualization System

27. Smooth Stratified Flow

28. Wavy Stratified Flow

29. Plug Flow

30. Slug Flow

31. An elongated bubble

32. Plug front and tail velocity – Ultrasonic measurement

33. Bubble nose and tail velocity - Visualization

34. CNPq, FAPERJ, CAPES of Brazil PASI 2007 Organizers
Acknowledgement
CNPq, FAPERJ, CAPES of Brazil
PASI 2007 Organizers
Thank you for attention.