1. The Past Tense Verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) Arabic through the Quran

2. إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ إ ِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّةِ

3. Tutorial 1: The Past Tense Verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) 1. Definite ( المَعْرِفَةُ ) and indefinite nouns ( اَلنَّكِرَةُ ) 2. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) for the past tense verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) 3. Locating the detached object (done upon / اَلمَفْعُولُ بِهِ )

4. Definite ( المَعْرِفَةُ ) and indefinite nouns ( اَلنَّكِرَةُ ) Definite ( المَعْرِفَةُ ) اَلْبَيْتُ the house has اَل and no tanween Indefinite ( اَلنَّكِرَةُ ) بَيْتٌ ال a house has no اَل and has tanween

5. The Past Tense Verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) Verb Doer is knownDoer is not known e.g. He hit the boye.g. The boy was hit ضَرَبَضُرِبَ مَعْلَومٌ - known مَجْهُولٌ - unknown If we see a مَعْلَومٌ verb We must first identify the doer!

6.   [3:135] “Ahaa! That is a فِعْلٌ مَاضِي on the scale of فَعَلُوا !!!” Is the doer known or unknown? “So where is the doer!?!” “The doer is known!”

7. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places place for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb.

8. فَعَلَ فَعَلا فَعَلُوْا فَعَلَتْ فَعَلَتَا فَعَلْنَ فَعَلْتَ فَعَلْتُمَا فَعَلْتُمْ فَعَلْتِ فَعَلْتُمَا فَعَلْتُنَّ فَعَلْتُ فَعَلْنَا ضمير مستتر تقديره (هو) ألف الاثنين = هُمَا واو الْجَمَاعَة = هُمْ ضمير مستتر تقديره (هي) ألف الاثنين = هُمَا نون النِسْوَة = هُنَّ تاء الفاعل = أَنْتَ أَنْتُمَا تاء الفاعل = أَنْتُمْ تاء الفاعل = أَنْتِ أَنْتُمَا تاء الفاعل = أَنْتُنَّ تاء الفاعل = أنا ناء الفاعل = نَحْنُ he they(2m) they(3+m) she they(2f) they(3+f) you(1m) you(2m) you(3+m) you(1f) you(2f) you(3+f) I(m/f) we(m/f) If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb i.e. if it is not on scale of فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then you have found the doer! i.e. if it is فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then move to next step! Step 1: on the verb

9. وَاوُ الْجَمَاعَةِ أَلِفُ الْاِثْنَيْنِ نُوْنُ النِّسْوَةِ تَاءُ الْفَاعِلِ نَاءُ الْفَاعِلِ فَتَحُوا الْبَابَ ضَرَبَا الوَلَدَ فَتلحنَ الْبَابَ سَمِعْنَا الْقُرْآنَ نَصَرْتُمْ الوَلَدَ They 3+ males They 2 males They 3+ females You 3+ males We الفَاعِلُ Doer فَتَحْتِ الْبَابَ ضَرَبَتْ بِنْت ضَرَبَ الوَلَد تَاءُ الْفَاعِلِ Step 2! You 1 female Step 1 First look on the verb for an attached pronoun. If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb.

10. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places place for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb.

11. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb. If not found then: 2. Then look left of the verb – the subject will have a ضَمَّةٌ (or its equivalent).

12. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) 2. Then look left of the verb – the subject will have a ضَمَّةٌ (or its equivalent). فَتَحَ الْوَلَدُ الْبَابَ Doer Opened The boy The door رَجَعَتْ بِنْتٌ Step 1: on the verb? Doer

13. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb. If not found then: 2. Then look left of the verb – the subject will have a ضَمَّةٌ (or its equivalent).

14. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb. If not found then: 2. Then look left of the verb – the subject will have a ضَمَّةٌ (or its equivalent). If not found then: 3. If not found then look in the verb (will always be on the scale of فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ )

15. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) 3. If not found then look in the verb (will always be on the scale of فََعََلَ / فَعَلَتْ ) فَتَحَ الْبَابَ Step 1: on the verb? Step 2: left of the verb? Hidden “he” ضَمِيْرٌ مُسْتَتِرٌ تَقْدِيْرُهُ هُوَ ضَرَبَتْ بِنْتاً Hidden “she” ضَمِيْرٌ مُسْتَتِرٌ تَقْدِيْرُهُ هِيَ Step 1: on the verb? Step 2: left of the verb?

16. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) Look in 3 places for the doer 1. First look on the verb for an attached pronoun If it is not on the scale فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ then the doer will be on the verb. If not found then: 2. Then look left of the verb – the subject will have a ضَمَّةٌ (or its equivalent). If not found then: 3. If not found then look in the verb (will always be on the scale of فَعَلَ / فَعَلَتْ )

17. Tutorial 1: The Past Tense Verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) 1. Definite ( المَعْرِفَةُ ) and indefinite nouns ( اَلنَّكِرَةُ ) 2. Locating the subject (the doer / اَلفَاعِلُ ) for the past tense verb ( اَلْفِعْلُ المَاضِي ) 3. Locating the detached object (done upon / اَلمَفْعُولُ بِهِ )

18. Locating the detached object (done upon / اَلمَفْعُولُ بِهِ ) فَتَحَ الْوَلَدُ الْبَابَ When detached, the object will have a فَتْحَةٌ (or its equivalent). The detached object is usually to the left of the verb, rarely to the right NB: Not all verbs have objects (only transitive verbs). رَجَعَ الْوَلَدُ NB: some verbs have more than one object. جَعَلَ الله ُ الشَّمْسَ سِرَاجًا

19. مَثَلُ الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ حَافِظٌ لَهُ مَعَ السَّفَرَةِ الْكِرَامِ الْبَرَرَةِ وَمَثَلُ الَّذِي يَقْرَأُ وَهُوَ يَتَعَاهَدُهُ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ شَدِيدٌ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ

20. Duah at the end of any gathering كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ بِأَخَرَةٍ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقُومَ مِنْ الْمَجْلِسِ سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ َأَتُوبُ إِلَيْكَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَقُولُ قَوْلًا مَا كُنْتَ تَقُولُهُ فِيمَا مَضَى فَقَالَ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا يَكُونُ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ