1. Unit 2: Force, Motion, and Energy

2. Outline of Presentation
Progression of learning
G10 Electricity and Magnetism learning competencies
G10 Electricity and Magnetism goals and objectives
Learning activities
Sample activity
Discussion of results
Application of concepts derived from the activities
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

3. Electricity and Magnetism
Electric Charge
Electric Force
Electric Field
Electric Potential
Electric Current (I)
Electrostatics
Magnetic Field and Current
Electrical Power
Electrical energy
Electric circuit/connection
Ohm’s Law
Gr. 7
Electric charges
Attraction/Repulsion between charges
Flow of charges (Simple electric circuit)
Gr. 8
Electric current (I, V, R relationship)
Electrical connections (connections at home)

4. World of Electricity and Magnetism
Electric Charge
Electric Force
Electric Field
Electric Potential
Electric Current (I)
Electrostatics
Magnetic Field and Current
Electrical Power
Electrical energy
Electric circuit/connection
Ohm’s Law
EM Induction
Magnetic Field (B)
Magnetism
B due to I
Force of B on I
Electromagnets
Motors
Faraday’s Law
Generator/Transformer
Power Transmission
Magnetic Field
Magnetic forces

5. Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution
Grade 9
Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution
Source:
Where does electricity come from? How is it produced? How does it get to our home?

6. Grade 10 Electromagnetic Induction
What happens inside the generator? How does it “produce electricity”?
Source:

7. Grade 10 Electric Motor Applications of EM Waves (including Light)
How else is electrical energy changed into other forms of energy that are useful to us?
Source:

8. G10 Force, Motion, and Energy Electricty and Magnetism
Learning Competencies
Demonstrate the generation of electricity by movement of a magnet through the coil
Explain the operation of a simple electric motor and generator
Which then brings us to these learning competencies found in our science curriculum guide (Grade 10). But before the learners achieve these competencies, they have to go through more specific objectives
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

9. G10 Force, Motion, and Energy Electricty and Magnetism
Goals/Objectives
Understand the nature of magnet/magnetic field
Magnetic domains
Exploring magnetic field
a. around permanent magnets of different shapes;
b. between like and unlike poles;
c. around a straight current-carrying conductor;
d. around a current-carrying loop of wire; and
e. around the Earth.
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

10. G10 Force, Motion, and Energy Electricty and Magnetism
Goals/Objectives
Understand the relationship between electricity (electric current) and magnetism (magnetic field) and use this relationship in explaining principles behind generators, motors and other devices (recording devices)
Investigate what happens when
a current carrying conductor is placed within a magnetic field
a conductor is moved within a magnetic field
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

11. The Floating Paper Clip
Getting hooked ...
The Floating Paper Clip

12. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Learning Activities
Magnetism
Activity 1 For the Record…
Getting familiar with the various equipment commonly found inside a radio broadcasting studio
Activity 2 Test Mag...1, 2!
Observing interactions between magnets and between a magnet and ‘non-magnet’
Activity 3 Inducing Magnetism
Inducing magnetism in a magnetic material
Activity 4/5 Detecting Magnetism/Oh, Magnets…
Determining direction of magnetic field around a permanent magnet using magnetic compass/magnetic field creater
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

13. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Learning Activities
Electricity and Magnetism
Activity 6 Electric Field Simulation
Activity 7 Magnetic Field Simulation
Comparing electric and magnetic field lines using PhET Interactive Simulations Project
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

14. Learning Activities Magnetism from Electricity
Activity Magnetic Field around Current-Carrying Conductors
Activity Making your Own Electric Motor
Electricity from Magnetism
Activity Let’s Jump In
Generating electricity with the aid of the Earth’s B
Activity Principles of Electromagnetic Induction
Investigating factors affecting the strength and direction of B

15. Sample Activity

16. Activity 8: Magnetic Field around Current-Carrying Conductors
Objectives
Using a compass, explore the magnetic field around current-carrying conductors.
Use the magnetic compass to determine the direction of a magnetic field
A. around a straight current-carrying conductor; and
B. at the center of the current-carrying coil.

17. Part A: Magnetic Field around a Straight Conductor
* Setup
conductor
supply
Source:
Materials needed
Straight current- carrying conductor setup*
Power supply/Dry cells
Connecting wires
Magnetic compass
Cardboard/Illustration board

18. Part B: Magnetic Field at the Center of a Coil
Materials needed
Current-carrying coil setup*
Power supply/Dry cells
Connecting wires
Magnetic compass
Cardboard/Illustration board
* Setup
Source:

19. Part A without current with current Conductor Top View
out of the paper
Conductor
Magnetic
compass
into the paper
with current X
without current

20. Part B + - - without current + with current Side View Clockwise
Counterclockwise -
without current +
with current

21. Activity Proper

22. Hans Christian Oersted
The story behind...
In 1819, Hans Christian Oersted, a Danish physicist and chemist and a professor in the University of Copenhagen, discovered during a class demonstration that a current carrying wire would deflect the compass needle. He inferred that an electric current would induce a magnetic field.
Hans Christian Oersted
(1777–1851)

23. Guide Questions
Part A
From a top-view perspective, in which direction does the north pole of the compass needle point when placed around the straight current-carrying conductor? If the direction of the current is reversed, in which direction does the needle point?

24. Part B: Magnetic Field at the Center of a Coil+ -

25. Visualizing Magnetic Field
Iron Fillings
Magnetic Compass

26. Direction of Magnetic Field
Right Hand Rule (RHR)
If a current carrying conductor is imagined to be held in the right hand such that the thumb points in the direction of the current, then the tips of the fingers encircling the conductor will give the direction of the magnetic lines (magnetic field)
Current
Magnetic
Field

27. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field
What happens when a current -carrying conductor is placed within a magnetic field?
EM Swing

28. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field
The direction of the force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field can be determined by using the right hand rule (RHR) I B F

29. Working Principle of Electric Motor
Application:
Working Principle of Electric Motor
Electric Motor

30. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Concept Check
A current carrying wire is perpendicular to the card as shown in the figure below.
Which of the arrows in the figure shows the direction of the magnetic field at point Y ? A B C D Y + -
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

31. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONB C D
Concept Check
A wire conductor is placed between the poles of a strong permanent U magnet as shown in the figure below. The direction of current I through the wire is also shown. Which arrow indicates the direction of the force on the wire? I B A
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

32. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONB C D
Concept Check
A rectangular loop of wire OPQR carrying a current is in a uniform magnetic field as shown in the figure below. What is the direction of the force on PQ?
to the right
to the left
vertically upwards
vertically downwards
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

33. Concepts Learned Magnetic Field
An electric current produces magnetic effect around the conductor (called Magnetic Field)
The magnetic field surrounding a current-carrying conductor can be shown by sprinkling iron filings or arranging magnetic compasses around the conductor
The compasses line up with the magnetic field (a pattern of concentric circles about the wire) produced by the current.
When the current reverses direction, the compasses turn around, showing that the direction of the magnetic field changes also.

34. Concepts Learned Motor Effect
A current-carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic field experiences a force.
If the direction of the field and that of the current are mutually perpendicular to each other, then the force acting on the conductor will be perpendicular to both. This is the basis of an electric motor.
The direction of the magnetic field, current and force can be determined using the RHR.

35. Inquiry in Practice Process Skills
Engaging in scientific-oriented questions
Gathering evidence
Providing explanations based on evidence
Communicating explanations
Process Skills
Observing
Inference
Predicting
Experimenting
Communicating explanations

36. Thank you 