1.  James Madison of Virginia  Promised a bill of rights that would outline rights guaranteed to the people of America.  Bill of Rights  First 10 amendments of the U.S. Constitution

4. Congress can not make any law prohibiting: – Religion You can practice any religion you want…or none at all. – Speech You can say anything in public as long as you can prove that it is true. – If you lie in public, that’s against the law – Press You can write things online, in newspaper, or in magazines as long as it is true. – If it is a lie, that’s against the law – Right of people to assemble You can have a rally as long as it is peaceful

5.  In order to ensure a safe country, a person has a right to own a gun.

6.  In time of peace  No soldiers from the military can be forced to live among the citizens in their homes unless given approval by the homeowner.  Why is this in the Constitution? ▪ To keep Boston 1775 from happening again ▪ British troops were moved into the houses in Boston to keep the city from rebellion

7.  People have a right to be secure from unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause or a warrant in their:  Persons ▪ You can’t be searched without a warrant  Houses ▪ Your houses is off limits without a warrant  Papers and effects ▪ Your car, documents, or any items you own are off limits without a warrant ▪ KEY = You must own it!!

8.  No person shall be tried in a court of law for the same crime twice.  Called double jeopardy  No person shall be a witness against themselves  No private property can be taken by the government without just compensation  Called eminent domain

9.  In all criminal prosecutions, the accused person has the right to speedy trial in the State and city in which the crime was committed.  In other words…  If you break a law in Cleveland, you go to court in Cleveland.

10.  If the crime you committed exceeds the value of $20, you have the right a trial by jury.  Why?  You want a group of people to have to find you guilty instead of one person (judge).

11.  Excessive bail is illegal  $25000 for a bail for public intoxication  Excessive fines are illegal  $25000 for a speeding ticket  Cruel and unusual punishment is illegal  Cop beating up a person while arresting them

12.  Rights given in the Constitution can not take away rights of others.  Example:  If you yell at someone in public and call them bad names ▪ The 1 st amendment does not protect you. ▪ Why?  The person you are yelling at has rights too.

13.  Any rights not written in the Constitution are reserved to the States.  In other words,  If the Constitution does not say it, your state can make a law to protect you.  Example:  2 nd amendment – you can own a gun  Ohio State Law ▪ You must be 16!

14.  You must know all 10 of these for the test!!