1. Eduworks Corporation The Global Framework for E-Learning What’s Hot and What’s Not Robby Robson President, Eduworks Corporation Chair, IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee rrobson@eduworks.com

2. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 2 Outline 1. GRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE WORLD 2. WHAT’S HOT & WHAT’S NOT  Architectures  Repositories  Content Reusability  Distributed Networks 3. STANDARDIZATION  The Process  What’s Happening 4. CLOSING THOUGHTS 5. DISCUSSION

3. Eduworks Corporation GRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE (E-LEARNING) WORLD

4. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 4 E-Learning Hype Cycle Courtesy RCA Wilson

5. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 5 Evolution of Technology 19961997199819992000200120022003 JavaScript in HTML Java Frameworks ASP / Cold Fusion Services Model File-basedDatabase-Based Repository-Based Content Players Content Interoperability Content Reusability Distributed Network Client / Server Global Network?

6. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 6 Evolution of Standards Bodies 19961997199819992000200120022003 DLF (1995) SIF ARIADNE AICC (1988) ADL IMS IEEE LTSC JTC1 SC36 EdNA (1994) ALIC OKI OASIS CEN/ISSS WS-LT W3C (1994) ebXML EICA CanCore Dublin Core (1995) HLA (1994) MERLOT NSDL HR-XML CONSOR- TIUM

7. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 7 Evolution of Learning Technology Standards (Simplified Version) 19961997199819992000200120022003 CREATE NEW WORLD ORDER GET CONTENT TO WORK GET SYSTEMS TO INETEROPERATE The Wider World

8. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 8 Conversational Convergence Universal  All sectors (Private, Education, Government, etc.)  All geographic regions  All technologies (E-learning, Content Management, Knowledge Management, Human Performance Improvement) Conversations  Get down to business  Local needs and global desires  Content is content  A need for tools  On the standards front – a need for clarity

9. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 9 Challenges to Overcome Different Cultures and Languages  From country to country  From sector to sector Different Business Models  From country to country  From sector to sector Economic Barriers Even time zones are tough! Lack of Experience  With the Internet  With the technology Problems of Scale  Wal-Mart: 1.2 Million  BECTA (VET in U.K.): 6 Million  But it has to work for a schoolroom or small company, too...

10. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 10 Email from 22 July, 2003 “We are making small but steady steps. We are acquiring new customers at a good rate/month and have *almost* completed a robust product. We have decided to put SCORM support on the sideline for the time being (given the very low demand we encounter in the med/small company market and the speed with which the specs evolve). We are focused only on our web-based, hosted e- learning software.”

11. Eduworks Corporation What’s Hot … And What’s Not

12. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 12 JavaScript in HTML Java Frameworks ASP / Cold Fusion Services Model

13. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 13 Right Now - Functional Architectures Stable Models Stable Product categories

14. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 14 Content Authoring Tools Catalog Manager Content Assembly Tools Learner Registrar Delivery Environment Content Repository and Offering Catalog Learning Planner Collaborative Environment Learner Profile Manager Activity Info Offerings Profile Info Register Info Offerings Goals Plans Learner Info Profile Info Activity Info Assessment / Testing Engine Results Info Profile Info Assessment Objects Learning Offerings Content Objects Recorded Events Learning Objects Learning Objects Component Model – from late 2001. (Still works!)

15. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 15 Content Authoring Tools Catalog Manager Content Assembly Tools Learner Registrar Delivery Environment Content Repository and Offering Catalog Learning Planner Collaborative Environment Learner Profile Manager Activity Info Offerings Profile Info Register Info Offerings Goals Plans Learner Info Profile Info Activity Info Assessment / Testing Engine Results Info Profile Info Assessment Objects Learning Offerings Content Objects Recorded Events Learning Objects Learning Objects Enterprise LMS

16. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 16 Content Authoring Tools Catalog Manager Content Assembly Tools Learner Registrar Delivery Environment Content Repository and Offering Catalog Learning Planner Collaborative Environment Learner Profile Manager Activity Info Offerings Profile Info Register Info Offerings Goals Plans Learner Info Profile Info Activity Info Assessment / Testing Engine Results Info Profile Info Assessment Objects Learning Offerings Content Objects Recorded Events Learning Objects Learning Objects LCMS

17. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 17 Content Authoring Tools Catalog Manager Content Assembly Tools Learner Registrar Delivery Environment Content Repository and Offering Catalog Learning Planner Collaborative Environment Learner Profile Manager Activity Info Offerings Profile Info Register Info Offerings Goals Plans Learner Info Profile Info Activity Info Assessment / Testing Engine Results Info Profile Info Assessment Objects Learning Offerings Content Objects Recorded Events Learning Objects Learning Objects Course Management System (VLE)

18. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 18 Service Architectures and Frameworks: What’s Hot Communities are driving them  SchoolNet, SIF, Education.au, EduSource … Vendors are supporting them Standards groups producing them  IMS, OKI, SCORM 2.0, etc.

19. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 19 And What’s Not Stability is needed Installed bases make it hard to change architectures Re-usable Design is not Interoperability  Comes from local thinking  Leads to too many frameworks

20. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 20 File-basedDatabase-Based Repository-Based

21. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 21 ARIADNE  Now a European foundation, focused on content, metadata & tools EDUSOURCE  Enabling collaborative generation of learning objects EUROPEAN SCHOOLNET  Instructions for adding local repositories; cross-cultural National Science Digital Library (U.S.)  Over 60 collections, tens of thousands of records, hundreds of thousands in user communities MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching)  Providing peer review, a value-added service VIMS (Virtual Image Management System – U.S. Military)  SCORM conformant, Accessible (Section 508), DRM enabled Rich Media Repository D-SPACE and other projects  Open source out-of-the-box solution EdNA, The Le@rning Federation Hot: Growing Number of Projects

22. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 22 Hot: A Growing Number of Products New releases of Enterprise LMS / LCMS New entrants into the VLE (Course Management System) space Pure Learning Object Repository products Content Management Systems  With learning components / standards Plus … help from the Library Community  Centuries of experience  Stable standards  Installed user base

23. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 23 Not: “Learning Object Repository”  A conglomeration of undefined terms is an excellent tool for hype Business models? Searches still find too little that’s good … or worse … too much.

24. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 24 Content Players Content Interoperability Content Reusability

25. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 25 Reusable Content (Learning Objects): What’s Hot Lot’s of Activity Emergence of Object Models (next slide)  Provide common vocabulary  Map to standards and technology  Identify pedagogic pressure points Potential to Increase Value

26. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 26 Learnativity Object Model and SCORM / AICC eLearning Knowledge Management C o n t e x t a n d C o m p l e x I t y R e u s a b i I I t y _ + Sharable Content Asset (SCA)

27. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 27 Standards and Technology Help CONTEXT REUSE THE MAGIC QUADRANT Without With current generation Some Day? Less Value More Value

28. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 28 Learning Objects: What’s Not Hot: The Definition Aggregation instead of Disaggregation Work instead of workflow Theory instead of effectiveness

29. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 29 Distributed Network Client / Server

30. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 30 Education on the Open Network: MIT Open Courseware Initiative Server Hits, May & June 2003 (Taken from Wired, August 2003) Top 10 Courses 1.Problems of Philosophy 2.Laboratory Software Engineering 3.Introduction to Electronics 4.Hands-on Astronomy: Observing Stars and Planets 5.Linear Algebra 6.Calculus with Applications 7.Introduction to Modeling and Simulation (Nuclear Eng.) 8.Electricity and Magnetism 9.Logistical and Transportation Planning Methods (EE & CS) 10.Introduction to Marketing Top 10 Nations (Other than U.S.) 1.Canada (3.9 Million) 2.Germany (3.6 Million) 3.South Korea (3.2 Million) 4.Brazil (3.2 Million) 5.U.K.(3.1 Million) 6.Japan (3.1 Million) 7.France (3.0 Million) 8.China* (2.6 Million) 9.India (2.5 Million) 10.Australia (1.4 Million) *2 Million from Hong Kong &.6 Million from the PRC (where the government blocked access until February of 2003)

31. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 31 America’s Army – Released July 4, 2002

32. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 32 Big Issue (Hot and Not): Digital Rights Management and Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual Property Rights and Laws can no longer conveniently be ignored DRM is needed for  Content development workflows  Federating repositories  Sharing knowledge based on trust: “I didn’t want to email it because it’s still draft and in confidence.” DRM  Often confused with enforcement (e.g. RIAA)  Guided by multimedia and communications industries  Subject to patents Intellectual Property Rights and Laws  Differ around the globe  Often don’t make sense

33. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 33 A Fundamental Shift in DRM Client / Server Model  Content delivered and consumed  Copyright restrictions & licenses enforced at point of consumption  Authorization based on role  Possession is 9/10 of the law – have content, can distribute! Distributed Network Model  Content flows through network  Content can change during its lifecycle  Conditions, permission, constraints etc. relevant at each stop in lifecycle  Distribution rights as important as usage rights  Rights governed by contract, not possession  Need to handle attribution, creative commons, etc.  DRM = Routing of Intellectual Property

34. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 34 Status of “Distributed Rights Management” Persistent DRM Technology is being prototyped  COLIS Project  VIMS Project  Microsoft RMS Standards emerging A Long Way to Go

35. Eduworks Corporation Standardization

36. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 36 The Process IMS Global Learning Consortium Aviation Industry CBT Committee Advanced Distributed Learning initiative IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36: Standards Learning, Education and Training MANY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Principles discussed Possible Prototypes Early Specs Champions Implement Standards announced Serious Prototypes Maybe products Markets wait Products Produced Early Adoption Early test suites Products Stabilized More Adoption Precision added Conformance & Compliance Market Adoption Global adoption

37. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 37 What’s Happening Architecture & Services Learning Structure Federation & Harvesting DRM Skills / Competencies Identification & Personalization Assessments Descriptive Metadata Content transport Basic Content Tracking Principles discussed Possible Prototypes Early Specs Champions Implement Standards announced Serious Prototypes Maybe products Markets wait Products Produced Early Adoption Early test suites Products Stabilized More Adoption Precision added Conformance & Compliance Market Adoption Global adoption

38. Eduworks Corporation 3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's NotPage 38 Closing Thoughts Focus is essential Awareness is necessary Experimentation is key Interoperability is fundamental It all starts with people

39. Eduworks Corporation Discussion Contact information: rrobson@eduworks.com rrobson@eduworks.com