1. Liquids and Solids
Solids

2. Objectives Explain the properties of solids according to the KMT.
Distinguish between amorphous and crystalline solids.
Define crystal structure and unit cell.

4. Solids Definite shape Definite volume
Intermolecular forces have a large effect; particles are held in fixed positions

5. Properties of Solids Definite melting point
Temperature at which the particles of a solid overcome intermolecular forces that hold them in fixed positions
Freezing points and melting points have the same values
Amorphous do not have a definite melting point.

6. Properties of Solids High Density
Particles of solid are packed close together as a result of low K.E. and high intermolecular forces.
Incompressibility
Particles cannot be pressed into a smaller volume.
Low Rate of Diffusion
Result of limited particle movement and limited space between particles

7. Crystalline Solids
Solids in which the particles are arranged in an orderly geometric pattern
Arrangement of particles is called a crystal lattice
The simplest portion of the lattice is called the unit cell

9. Types of Crystalline Solids
Ionic
Ionic bonds between anions and cations
Covalent Network
Covalent bonds between atoms.
Examples: Diamond (Cx), quartz (SiO2)x,
Metallic
Metal cations surrounded by a see of electrons
Molecular covalent
Molecules held together by intermolecular forces (disperson, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding

10. Types of Crystalline Solids

11. Amorphous Solids Particles are arranged randomly
Sometimes referred to as supercooled liquids
Examples include glass, rubber, plastics.