1. Using Reinforcement to Increase Operant Behavior Dr. Alan H. Teich Chapter 4

2. Reinforcement Positive vs. Negative Reward value Unconditioned (Primary) vs. Conditioned (Secondary) Reinforcers

3. Why Are Reinforcers Reinforcing? Biological drives Sensory stimulation

4. Reinforcers Identifying Potential Reinforcers Demographic factors Observation Indirect assessment Strengthen reinforcers

5. Positive Reinforcers tangible reinforcers activities Premack Principle response deprivation hypothesis social reinforcers feedback tokens covert reinforcers

6. Shaping Qualitative shaping Quantitative shaping

7. Timing and Schedules of Reinforcement continuous reinforcement (CRF) thinning intermittent or partial reinforcement (PRF)

8. Chaining Methods forward chaining backward chaining total-task presentation

9. Using Group and Individual Contingencies lottery procedures group contingencies

10. Who Will Administer Reinforcement? peer-administered reinforcement self-administered reinforcement reduce reinforcement errors

11. Escape and Avoidance Escape Avoidance

12. Tips on Using Reinforcement Reward value Consistency. Clear contingency Vary reinforcers. Naturally occurring reinforcers Consequences Thinning Eliminate counterproductive Review data