1. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Ricardo Patara - LACNIC How to Apply for Internet Resources and Current Policies How to Apply for Internet Resources and Current Policies

2. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Agenda Internet Resources Distribution Policies LACNIC Policies IPv4, IPv6, ASN, Inverse DNS Delegation How to apply for Internet Resources

3. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution Internet Resources: finite set and globally available. Its distribution should follows certain criteria such as : justified need. According to RFC 2050, it should also guarantees: Uniqueness, Conservation, Routability and Registration

4. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution Conservation: Fair distribution of globally unique Internet address space according to the operational needs... Prevention of stockpiling in order to maximize the lifetime of the Internet address space.

5. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution Routability: Distribution of globally unique Internet in an hierarchical manner, permitting the routing scalability of the address...

6. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution Registration: uniqueness Provisioning of a public registry documenting address space allocation and assignment. This is necessary to ensure uniqueness...

7. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution IANA ISP End User IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is a function of ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers), and takes care of assignment of numeric resources (IP blocks, ASN, protocol numbers, etc). AFRINICAPNICARINLACNICRIPE ISP

8. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution They all use a set of written criteria or policies for the distribution of Internet Resources. Policy creation follows bottom-up process: addressing community needs and technology development

9. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Internet Resources Distribution LACNIC policies for Internet Resources Distribution: Some parts from inherited from ARIN Adjust to community/region needs: 9 public forum meetings since then More than 20 proposals turned into policies.

10. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Important terms: ISP End-user Allocation Assignment Multihomed Singlehomed Membership Registration fee Maintenance fee

11. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies ISP Organization that will use the IP address space to provide services to third parties. End user Organization that will use IP address space inside its own infrastructure and to provide services.

12. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Allocation The act of issuing IP address space to ISP, for further sub allocations to its customers (ISP or end-users) Assignment The act of issuing IP address space to End- Users for its use internally to its organization

13. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Multihomed An organization connected to the internet through two or more independent transit providers Singlehomed An organization connect to the internet through only one transit provider.

14. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Membership According to LACNIC bylaws, any organization allocated/assigned a IP address space (v4 or v6), is LACNIC member What entitles the organization to attend LACNIC meetings, to vote on member meetings, be part of the board.

15. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Fees Registration fee once approved to receive a Internet resource. Maintenance fee. To maintain registration information Inverse DNS delegation IP Administration System, etc

16. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies Set of policies for allocation and assignment of Public address space. Out of scope: private resources Private (RFC 1918): Internal address for private networks. Reserved: Multicast... Initial and additional process. Inverse DNS delegation.

17. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Use of Classless schema (CIDR – Classless Inter Domain Routing) To avoid fragmentation To optimize routing Not a possession! IP address allocated on right of use or lease basis. Not a possession! Allocation or assignment valid as long as initial needs/justification keeps valid

18. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Initial allocation to ISP: Minimal allocation size: /21 (2048 IPs) Justification: currentuseimmediateneed Demonstrate current use or immediate need of a IP block of /23 prefix. Send a plan to use /22 in one year Agree to renumber from previous address block.

19. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Initial allocation to ISP (continued): For bigger blocks (/20, larger) Justification: If Multihomed: currently using at least /22 block If Singlehomed: currently using at least /21 block Send a plan to use /20 in one year Agree to renumber from previous address block.

20. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Direct Initial Direct allocation to ISP: Minimal allocation size: /20 (4096 IPs) Justification: Organization starting its business, with important inversion and no previous Internet Providers nor IP address allocation. Should be multihomed. Send information about acquisitions, contract with upstreams providers, network topology, services portfolios, usage plan.

21. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Micro assignment for critical structure: Special policy for organization with key roles in the Internet: ccTLDs, RIRs, IXPs... Minimal assignment size: /24 (256 IPs) Justification: Demonstrate its role as one of mentioned organization.

22. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Initial assignment for End-Users Multihomed If Multihomed Minimal assignment size: /24 (256 IPs) Justification. Current use of at least a /25 IP block. Send usage plan for 3, 6 and 12 months Agree to renumber from previous block.

23. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Initial assignment for End-Users Singlehomed If Singlehomed Minimal assignment size: /20 (4096 IPs) Justification. Current use of at least a /21 IP block. Send usage plan for 3, 6 and 12 months Agree to renumber from previous block.

24. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Initial assignment for End-Users Both cases should observe: 25% immediate usage rate of requested block 50% one-year usage rate of requested block

25. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv4 Additional allocation / assignment: Show utilization of at least 80% of previous allocated address space. Verification of sub allocation/assignment registered in LACNIC database (every /29 or smaller allocation should be registered) Verification of inverse DNS delegation

26. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv6 Initial/original policy: Globally coordinated Allocations only to ISPs Due to routing constraints / large size of total address space.

27. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv6 Currently: Minimal allocation size: /32 (a lot of IPs) Justification: Be a LIR or ISP; Plan for services and connectivity to be offered. Announce a single block to the routing system in no longer than 12 months Offer service via IPv6 to clients or related entities in no longer than 24 months.

28. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv6 Micro assignment for critical structure: Similar to IPv4. Organizations with key roles in the internet: ccTLDs, RIRs, IXPs... Assignment Size: /48 to /32 (maximal) it is changing Concerns about routing filters... it is changing. Justification: Demonstrate its role as one of mentioned organization.

29. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv6 Returning First allocation for a bigger one: Organization with only one IPv6 allocation can return it within 6 months in order to apply for a new and bigger one. This can be done only once Same criteria as initial/first application. New and more elaborated utilization plan.

30. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - IPv6 Additional allocation / assignment Utilization of previous address space should meet a threshold in terms /48 assignments. HD-Ratio of 0.94 HD= Log(number of allocated objects) Log(max number of allocatable objects)

31. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - ASN Autonomous System Number (ASN) Organizations currently multihomed or planning to become one (within two weeks) Organization with different routing policy compared to the one of the upstream

32. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - ASN Autonomous System Number (ASN) 16 Bits ASN. Currently used/default Finite space: 0 – 65535 (64512 – 65535 Private/reserved) New Version: 32 Bits Notation in discussion: X.Y (4.0 ~ 4.1023) RFC4893 BGP Support for Four-octet AS Number.

33. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies - ASN 16 bits / 32 bits ASN From Jan/2007 ~ Dec/2008: 16 bits default. 32 bits when requested From Jan/2009 ~ Dec/2009: 32 bits default. 16 bits when requested From Jan/2010: no more distinction: Range from 0.0 to 65535.65535 (where 0.0 ~ 0.65535 previous 16bits space)

34. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies – Inverse DNS Inverse DNS resolution: IP address to name Once used for security mechanisms. Logs More recently as spam control and to constrain other abusive activities.

35. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies – Inverse Delegation Inverse DNS delegation: Required for any allocation/assignment Also used as indication of allocated/assigned address space utilization.

36. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies – Inverse Delegation Lame Delegation Control: DNS delegation considered lame, when delegated server has no information about the DNS zone it was delegated for. Query overload on main servers: requeries Delegations with lame servers are removed from main LACNIC DNS servers.

37. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 LACNIC Policies – Inverse Delegation Lame Delegation Control: Entire inverse zone (in-addr.arpa, ip6.arpa) under LACNIC control checked daily. Lame servers marked (status in whois output) Tech contacts warned every 15 days while problem persist. Inverse delegation with problem removed after 60 days.

38. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply for Internet Resources

39. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply Organizations located in LACNIC coverage area: http://lacnic.net/sp/sobre-lacnic/cobertura Not necessary to become member first Organizations with IP address allocation became member automatically Text based templates Email to hostmaster@lacnic.net

40. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply One template for each and every type of resources Initial part equal to any of them: Organization information: name, postal address, phone number, Organization-id (in the case of additional request) Points of contact: admin, tech, billing, membership.

41. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply Initial part equal to any of them: 0a. Organization ID. (OwnerID): 0b. Name of the Organization: 0c. Postal address: 0d. City: 0e. State: 0f. Country: 0g. ZIP Code: 1a. ID. technical contact (UserID): 1b. ID. billing contact (UserID):

42. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply Organization ID created when of first allocation/assignment Point of contacts should be created by each contact: Web form: https://lacnic.net/newid Personal information, language preference, personal password... An UserID created and sent by email.

43. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply Basic work flow: RequestRequest VerificationprocessVerificationprocess ApprovalApprovalDenialDenial FeeFee RSARSA Allocation concluded

44. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / ISP Provide information about: Upstream providers: name, postal address, ASN. If multihomed, repeat it as many upstream in use. Current IP blocks and its usage rates: If initial request: IP blocks currently allocated by upstreams If additional request: IP blocks previously allocated by LACNIC.

45. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / ISP Provide information about (continued): IP address block prefix needed (CIDR notation: /20, /21, etc...) One year usage plan of requested block Number of addresses needed for each service provided (dedicated access, dial-up, dsl, cable, wireless, others) Any additional information that might useful to better understand the need.

46. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / ISP Verification process Utilization of current blocks: Should meet requirements for initial request and 80% for additional Information about reassignments and its justification. Internal usage (routers, servers, etc). Internal registration database, inverse delegation Extra information requested as needed. Agree to renumber (if initial)

47. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / ISP Once approved: If initial, organization should sign RSA (Registration Service Agreement). Pay registration fee. If additional, no need for registration fee neither document signing. Organization contractual status must be okay. Allocation is only completed once satisfied previous steps/verifications.

48. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / End user Provide information about: Upstream providers: name, postal address, ASN. If multihomed, repeat it as many upstream in use. Current IP blocks in use: Its distribution internally: departments, number of equipments, purposes, etc

49. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / End user Provide information about (continued): Number of IP address needed/being requested. Utilization/distribution plan for: immediately, 3, 6 and 12 months. Sub net plans, number of departments, number of equipments, public services/servers.

50. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / End user Verification process Utilization of current blocks: Should meet requirements for initial request and 80% for additional. Inverse delegation Extra information requested as needed. Agree to renumber (if initial)

51. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / End user Once approved: Registration Fee (either initial or additional) If initial, organization should also sign RSA (Registration Service Agreement) If additional organization contractual status must be okay. Allocation is only completed once satisfied previous steps/verifications.

52. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv4 / Critical Infra Organizations with keys roles for internet: ccTLD operators, IXP, RIRs Minimal size: /24 Information necessary: Confirmation about its activity. ccTLD: checking IANA information about organization role IXP: incorporation act, list of potential members, open policy for member joining.

53. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv6 Provide information about: Upstream providers: name, postal address, ASN, and its ability to route IPv6. Address distribution plan: Planed prefixes for each type of customer, for equipments, POPs, etc. Planed IPv6 enabled services.

54. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv6 Verification process Organization should be a Internet provider (internal or external to the organization) Current IPv4 allocation/utilization (specially in cases of larger prefix requests) Should compromise to start announcing prefix within 12 months, and to offer IPv6 enabled services within 24 months No registration fee at the moment

55. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – IPv6 / Critical Infra Organizations with keys roles for internet: ccTLD operators, IXP, RIRs Minimal size: /48 Information necessary: Confirmation about its activity. ccTLD: checking IANA information about organization role IXP: incorporation act, list of potential members, open policy for member joining.

56. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – ASN Provide information about: Upstream providers. At least two if applying as multihomed. Providers currently contracted or in the 2 weeks time frame to conclude. Detailed explanation about policy routing Should be a routing policy different from the upstream provider. For instance, connection to an IXP.

57. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 How to apply – ASN Verification process: Independent IP address space: Some providers would not accept routing part of a second provider address space portion. Information about the routing policy and upstream providers. If 32 bits ASN: Currently checking about understating about it.

58. LACNIC-CARIBE 2008 / Curaçao - ANJuly 21/22 2008 Thank you!