2. Cell – the basic unit of life Major ScientistsContribution to the study of Cells Robert Hooke CELLS Used early compound microscopes to look at cork: called the empty chambers CELLS LeeuwenhoekUsed a single lens microscope to observe pond water; really improved microscope quality and use. Schleiden plants All plants are made of cells Schwann animals All animals are made of cells Virchow existing cells New cells can only come from the dividing of existing cells.

3. Formulated by Rudolf Virchow 1.All living things are composed of cells 2.Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3.New cells are produced from existing cells

4. Microscopes allowed scientists and researchers to study the structure and movement of living cells in great detail. Different VarietiesWhat can we do with this kind? Compound Light Microscope n/a The microscope pictured to the left is referred to as a compound light microscope. The term light refers to the method by which light transmits the image to your eye. Compound deals with the microscope having more than one lens. Electron Microscope 1. TEM 2. SEM Can view very thin samples 1000x smaller than a light microscope Samples are non-living. Produce 3-D images of the surfaces of cells and tissues Samples are non-living. Scanning Probe Microscope n/a Can use with living tissue. A scanning probe microscope scans a tiny probe just above the surface of a sample and produces an image by recording the position of the probe. Can use with living tissue.

5. Electron Microscope Nanoparticles Ant

6. Scanning Probe Microscope Bacterial Flagellum

7. Prokaryotic CellsEukaryotic Cells Typical Size of Cell Generally smallerGenerally larger Nucleus?NO (have genetic material, but not enclosed)YES! (genetic material is enclosed in the nucleus) Internal Membranes or Structures Some have membranes but most do not Yes, parts and structure are surrounded by membranes Number of Cells UnicellularUnicellular, but most are Multicellular Example Organisms a.Archaebacteria b.Eubacteria a.Protists b.Fungi c.Plants d.Animals

8. Organelle - a specialized structure that performs jobs within the eukaryotic cell

9. Golgi Apparatus Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleolus Nucleus Vacuole Cell Membrane Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Mitochondria Ribosomes

10. Nucleolus Cell Membrane Nucleus Cell Wall Rough Endoplasmic Reticululm Chloroplast Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Central Vacuole Ribosomes

11. OrganellesAnimalPlantOrganellesAnimalPlant CentriolesXXRough ERXX CytoplasmXXMicrotubulesXX LysosomesXXChromatinXX MicrofilamentXXCell MembraneXX MitochondriaXXCell WallX RibosomesXXChloroplastX Smooth ERXXVacuoleXX Golgi ApparatusXXPlastidsX NucleusXXNucleolusXX