1. Chapter 14: Money and Banking
Section 1: The Functions and Characteristics of Money

2. http://www. glencoe. com/video_library/index_with_mods. php

3. Ancient Money Cattle, Chattle, Capital- all from same root word
Sal (Salt) Salary

4. Money in Mesopotamia
Silver functioned as money in Mesopotamia. It acted as a means of exchange, a way to store wealth, and a way to define value

5. Women and Money in Mesopotamia
"The average well to do woman wore golden earrings (sometimes large) and silver rings on the arms and the feet. Those silver rings have a standard weight (5 shekels...) identical with standard fractions of the brideprice, and it is possible that the rings actually represented the price paid." "Women in Mesopotamia," by M. Stol Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, Vol. 38, No. 2, Women's History (1995), pp [Bolding, mine.]

6. Money in the Aztec Empire
The Aztecs of Central America used cacao beans, from which chocolate is made, as money. Prices varied from a few beans for a piece of fruit to several thousand for an enslaved person.
Aztec merchants had to take care when selling expensive items. Payment usually came stored in sacks, and the sacks might contain counterfeit money- bean husks filled with mud.

7. Forms of Money
Silver, gold, wheat, barley, grain, cattle, beans, coins, and now paper
Weights and measures establish value
When people pay a certain amount of money for something, they expect the value of what they get in return to be equal (Baker’s Dozen)

8. Functions of Money Medium of exchange Unit of Accounting
Store of value

9. Medium of Exchange
Use of money in exchange for goods or services

10. Unit of Accounting
Use of money as a yardstick (measure) for comparing the values of goods and services in relation to one another.
Ex.: If one i-pod costs more than another, the indication is that the more expensive one is a better product

11. Store of Value Use of money to store purchasing power for later use.
Why is this function of money important?
(Hint: it’s why paper money/ durable goods work better as money)

12. Characteristics of Money
Anything that people are willing to exchange/ accept in exchange for goods. See exs. Above.
Durable, portable, divisible, stable in value, scarce, accepted.

13. Types of Money Commodity Money Representative money
Fiat Money legal tender

14. Commodity money
A medium of exchange such as cattle or gems that have value aside from being money

15. Representative Money
Money backed by- or exchangeable for- a valuable item such as silver or gold.

16. Fiat Money
Money that has value because a government fiat, or order, has established it as acceptable for payments or debts. Hence, fake money is counter- fiat, or counterfeit.

17. Imagine that you live in a bartering society
Imagine that you live in a bartering society. List 5 items that you use frequently, and identify 5 alternative goods that you would be willing to trade for them.

18. Section 2: The History of Money and Banking in The US
Throughout the history of the US, Americans have used all kinds of money
During the Civil War, the Federal Govt. finally set up a uniform currency for the country
In order to regulate the money supply, Congress established the Federal Reserve System in The Federal Reserve became the nation’s central bank, issuing federal reserve notes, the currency we use today

19. Cont’d
In 1934, during the Great Depression, the Federal Government switched from a gold standard to a fiat money standard
Today, banking has been transformed by electronics- Electronic Funds Transfer, ATM’s, and Internet banking

20. How do you think electronic banking has revolutionized how people bank?

21. Section 3: Types of Money in the US
Money and Near Moneys
Currency
Checks
Credit cards and Debit Cards
Near Moneys

22. Currency
Money you physically hold

23. Checks
Issued by the bank, they can be used to transfer money to someone else without physically handing them currency

24. Credit Cards and Debit Cards
Credit Card- A card issued to you by a bank that is essentially loaning you money to pay someone else at a price (interest rate)
Debit Card- A card that is issued to you by your bank in the place of a check book. You use it to electronically transfer funds to the company that you are purchasing goods or services from.

25. Near Moneys
Money value held in stocks or savings accounts that can be easily accessed to get money to pay your bills

26. The Money Supply
Very hard to calculate because money is always in a state of flux
M1= money that can be spent immediately and against which checks can be written
M2= M1+near moneys

27. Why are debit cards similar to money, whereas credit cards are not?