1. Measuring Nanostructures

2. How do we see nanostructures? A light microscope? Helpful, but cannot resolve below 1000 nm An electron microscope? Has a long history of usefulness at the nanoscale A scanning probe microscope? A newer tool that has advanced imaging

3. Television Set eye electron beam TV screen Light ! electron source prelim.

4. Scanning Electron Microscope SAMPLE Electron Beam DETECTOR

5. (Atomic Force Microscope) "Optical Lever" To determine amplification factor, use the concept of similar triangles laser pointer

6. "Optical Lever" y1y1 x1x1 y2y2 x2x2 For example, if the laser pointer is 2" long, and the wall is 17' (204") away, Motion amplified by 100 times!

7. . "Optical Lever" for Profilometry cantilever laser

8. . "Optical Lever" for Profilometry cantilever laser Long light path and a short cantilever gives large amplification

9. Scanning probe microscope Surface Vibrating Cantilever PS/PEO AFM image µm (large ) Laser Beam AFM, STM, MFM, others

10. Quicktime AFM Cantilever Chip AFM Instrument Head Laser Beam PathCantilever Deflection

11. Image of Nickel Atoms STM

12. Pushing Atoms Around STM