1. Seminar on Analysis of the Effect of Dirt on the Performance of Engine Cooling System Presented by Gaurav Shukla

2. Importance The objective of this work is to look at the effect of sand blocking the heat transfer area of the radiator. The objective of this work is to look at the effect of sand blocking the heat transfer area of the radiator. Its effect on the engine coolant. Its effect on the engine coolant. Percentage area covered resulted in a proportional increase of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the coolant in the radiator. Percentage area covered resulted in a proportional increase of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the coolant in the radiator. 10% of the area covered of the radiator resulted in an increase of about 2°C of the outlet temperature of the radiator coolant. 10% of the area covered of the radiator resulted in an increase of about 2°C of the outlet temperature of the radiator coolant. Irrespective material blocks the radiator surface area. Irrespective material blocks the radiator surface area.

3. Keywords Radiator. Radiator. Silt. Silt. Clay. Clay. Coolant. Coolant.

4. Introduction When new engines are developed, they will be expected to operate under severe conditions and demanding load profiles as studied by When new engines are developed, they will be expected to operate under severe conditions and demanding load profiles as studied by Kem. [1], thus, increasing the demand of effective engine cooling systems. Kem. [1], thus, increasing the demand of effective engine cooling systems. Better performance, low fuel consumption, aesthetics, safety, cheaper and low maintenance. Better performance, low fuel consumption, aesthetics, safety, cheaper and low maintenance.

5. Introduction Oliet [2], the air-cooled heat exchangers found in a vehicle radiator, condenser, evaporator and charge air cooler, has an important role in its weight and also in the design of its front-end module. Oliet [2], the air-cooled heat exchangers found in a vehicle radiator, condenser, evaporator and charge air cooler, has an important role in its weight and also in the design of its front-end module. Strong impact on the car aerodynamic behavior. Strong impact on the car aerodynamic behavior. Design process is optimized. Design process is optimized. High working temperatures, high efficiency, Challenges in construction and operation, challenges in obtaining materials capable of continuously enduring the high temperatures High working temperatures, high efficiency, Challenges in construction and operation, challenges in obtaining materials capable of continuously enduring the high temperatures Sufficient strength to withstand the high working loads. Sufficient strength to withstand the high working loads.

6. Introduction Max Temp of combustion ≈ melting point of platinum. Max Temp of combustion ≈ melting point of platinum. Temp of exhaust gas > melting point of aluminum. Temp of exhaust gas > melting point of aluminum. Excessive cooling prevents proper vaporization of the fuel. Excessive cooling prevents proper vaporization of the fuel. Addition of cooling lead to dilution of the crankcase oil by unvaporized fuel. Addition of cooling lead to dilution of the crankcase oil by unvaporized fuel. High operating temp change weight and reduces volumetric efficiency (VE) due to excessive heating of the incoming charge. High operating temp change weight and reduces volumetric efficiency (VE) due to excessive heating of the incoming charge. Reduction of output power. Reduction of output power.

7. Introduction Water-cooling system is employed. Water-cooling system is employed. Extract heat around the combustion chamber and dissipates the heat in to the radiator. Extract heat around the combustion chamber and dissipates the heat in to the radiator. Radiator transfer heat from the coolant to the air flowing through the fins of the radiator. Radiator transfer heat from the coolant to the air flowing through the fins of the radiator. Air flowing is driven by forward motion of the car and from a fan enclosed in a shroud attached to the radiator. Air flowing is driven by forward motion of the car and from a fan enclosed in a shroud attached to the radiator. It provide a sufficiently large cooling area. It provide a sufficiently large cooling area.

8. Introduction Cross-flow radiator is used due to its high effectiveness. Cross-flow radiator is used due to its high effectiveness. Water tubes being placed cross-wise with a small collection tank at each side and a separate header tank. Water tubes being placed cross-wise with a small collection tank at each side and a separate header tank. Cross–flow would be to have a large number of short vertical tubes. Cross–flow would be to have a large number of short vertical tubes. Increase the amount of soldering and hence the chance of leakage. Increase the amount of soldering and hence the chance of leakage.

9. Main object The main objective of this research is to look at the critical quantification of dirt on the radiator and its effect on the engine performance. The main objective of this research is to look at the critical quantification of dirt on the radiator and its effect on the engine performance. The focus will be to look at the effect of mud on the radiator fins and its impact on temperature variation in the inlet and outlet of the radiator hoses. The focus will be to look at the effect of mud on the radiator fins and its impact on temperature variation in the inlet and outlet of the radiator hoses. The study will looks at the way forward to minimize overheating. The study will looks at the way forward to minimize overheating.

10. Materials Engine. Engine. Radiator. Radiator. Thermometer. Thermometer. Covering material. Covering material.

11. Engine specifications four-cylinder four stroke engine. four-cylinder four stroke engine. water cooled engine with a tank capacity of 5.5 liters. water cooled engine with a tank capacity of 5.5 liters. petrol engine. petrol engine. compression ratio of 9.8 to 1 compression ratio of 9.8 to 1 operates on the Otto-cycle operates on the Otto-cycle

12. Engine

13. Specifications of the engine Year- 2003 Year- 2003 Manufacturer- Nissan Manufacturer- Nissan Engine capacity-1597 cc Engine capacity-1597 cc Engine type- GA 16 Engine type- GA 16 No. of cylinders-4/DOHC No. of cylinders-4/DOHC Compression ratio-9.8:1 Compression ratio-9.8:1 Cooling system capacity-5.5 liters of capacity Cooling system capacity-5.5 liters of capacity Thermostat opening-76.5° C capacity Thermostat opening-76.5° C capacity Radiator pressure- 0.78-0.98° C Radiator pressure- 0.78-0.98° C

14. Cross flow type Radiator

15. Radiator General Motors’ serpentin-fin cross-flow. General Motors’ serpentin-fin cross-flow. size 65 mm × 35 mm in length and breadth respectively. size 65 mm × 35 mm in length and breadth respectively. The numbers of tubes were one row of 66 tubes with a thickness of 2 mm. The numbers of tubes were one row of 66 tubes with a thickness of 2 mm. The fins were copper made with a thickness of 0.5 mm, a height of 16 mm and spaced 3 mm apart. The fins were copper made with a thickness of 0.5 mm, a height of 16 mm and spaced 3 mm apart.

16. Thermometer used in automobiles

17. Thermometer Two different types of thermometers. Two different types of thermometers. To read the input and the output temperatures coolant in the radiator. To read the input and the output temperatures coolant in the radiator. Manufactured by Cola-Parma Instrument Company with accuracy of 0.10°C. Manufactured by Cola-Parma Instrument Company with accuracy of 0.10°C.

18. Covering material Silt. Silt. Clay. Clay.

19. Engine Setup

20. Results and Discussions Variation of temperature with the area of radiator covered with the clay. Variation of temperature with the area of radiator covered with the clay. Variation of the temperature with the area of radiator covered with the silt. Variation of the temperature with the area of radiator covered with the silt. Variation of the temperature water inlet to the radiator with the area of radiator covered. Variation of the temperature water inlet to the radiator with the area of radiator covered. Variation of the temperature of the outlet water to the radiator with the area of radiator covered. Variation of the temperature of the outlet water to the radiator with the area of radiator covered.

21. Variation of temperature with the area of radiator covered with the clay.

22. Variation of the temperature with the area of radiator covered with the silt.

23. Variation of the temperature water inlet to the radiator with the area of radiator covered.

24. Variation of the temperature water outlet to the radiator with the area of radiator covered.

25. Inlet temperature of the coolant in the radiator increased as the percentage area of the radiator covered increased. Inlet temperature of the coolant in the radiator increased as the percentage area of the radiator covered increased. Outlet temperature of the coolant from the radiator increased monotonically with increases in the percentage area of the radiator covered. Outlet temperature of the coolant from the radiator increased monotonically with increases in the percentage area of the radiator covered. Conclusions

26. Conclusions In both cases, at 80% coverage of the heat transfer area of the radiator the engine vibrated excessively and the idling was not stable. In both cases, at 80% coverage of the heat transfer area of the radiator the engine vibrated excessively and the idling was not stable. At 100% coverage the engine stopped running immediately after starting. This phenomenon was expected because as the effective transfer area of the radiator is reduced, less heat is taken out and thereby affecting the temperature of the coolant and hence the performance of the engine. At 100% coverage the engine stopped running immediately after starting. This phenomenon was expected because as the effective transfer area of the radiator is reduced, less heat is taken out and thereby affecting the temperature of the coolant and hence the performance of the engine.

27. Refrences [1] Kem. J. and Ambros. P.( 1997) Concepts for a controlled Optimized Vehicle Engine Cooling System. Society of Automotive Engineers Publication,971816, 357-362. [1] Kem. J. and Ambros. P.( 1997) Concepts for a controlled Optimized Vehicle Engine Cooling System. Society of Automotive Engineers Publication,971816, 357-362. [2] Oliet, C., Oliva, A., Castro, J., Perez- Segarra (2007) Parametric studies on automotive radiators, Applied Thermal Engineering 2033-2043. [2] Oliet, C., Oliva, A., Castro, J., Perez- Segarra (2007) Parametric studies on automotive radiators, Applied Thermal Engineering 2033-2043. [3] Pulkrabek W.W. (1997) Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine, pages 270-280. [3] Pulkrabek W.W. (1997) Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine, pages 270-280.

28. Refrences [4] Mudd. S.C. (1972), Technology for Motor Vehicle Mechanics, Euston Road London, Oxford press. [4] Mudd. S.C. (1972), Technology for Motor Vehicle Mechanics, Euston Road London, Oxford press. [5] Kiatsiriroat. T.(2004) The application of automobile radiator in waste heat recovery process, Final Report, Energy Planning and Policy Office, Thailand. [5] Kiatsiriroat. T.(2004) The application of automobile radiator in waste heat recovery process, Final Report, Energy Planning and Policy Office, Thailand. [6] Nuntaphan, A. Kiatsiriroat,T.(2004) Performance of thermo-syphon heat exchanger modified from automobile radiator, in: The 18 th Conference of Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand, Kon Ka.en, Thailand [6] Nuntaphan, A. Kiatsiriroat,T.(2004) Performance of thermo-syphon heat exchanger modified from automobile radiator, in: The 18 th Conference of Mechanical Engineering Network of Thailand, Kon Ka.en, Thailand

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