2. Contents Basic knowledge on database and searching Electronic database for searching Searching techniques Retrieval in the future

3. “Database” is the collection of related information on the same topic for convenient use. It uses a program to categorize characteristics of information, facilitate saving information in the database, update and search for information and designate rights to use the database so that users can get access to the information easily and effectively. It acts as the media between database users to communicate with each other. 1. Definition of database and retrieval

4. For examples, to get access to Suan Dusit Rajabhat University’s registration database http://webregis.dusit.ac.th, users must have their own account or username and a password to log in with, in order to use services as the ISP designates.

5. Searching is to systematically retrieve information from various sources by using information technology to get access to information conveniently and quickly according to the user’s needs. Information can be searched from sentences, characters or letters, pictures, human voices, music sounds, songs and videos.

6. 2. Components of Database 2.1 Hardware 2.2 Software 2.3 Data 2.4 Procedures 2.5 People

8. Data Administrators Database Administrators Systems Analysts Database Designers Programmers End-users

9. 3. Information Retrieval Process

10. 4. Benefits of Database Stored information becomes less redundant. Stored information is up to date. Information can be shared. Information is protected by the security system.

11. e-Journal e-Book e-Thesis or e-Research Clipping Information Resources Database of Information Service Institute

12. e-Journal http://arit.dusit.ac.th

13. e-Book

15. Other interesting E-book websites are those providing books and journals concerning computer and computer program usage; Google books (books.google.co.th) Computer Books and Article (http://www.siamebook.com) Ramkamhaeng University’s Textbooks Center (http://e-book.ram.edu/e-book/indexstart.htm) National Library’s electronic books (http://www.nlt.go.th/data/ebooks/ebooks.html)

16. e-Thesis or e- Research

17. Clipping

18. Information Resources Database of Information Service Institute

19. Table 6.4: Connectors or symbols used in searching information. Connectors /Symbols DefinitionsExamples ANDConnect two words above. Both of the two words occur in searching results. Computer AND Internet ORConnect two words above. One or both of the two occur in searching results. Computer OR Internet NOTConnect two words above. Only the first word occurs in searching results, the second one does not. (The symbol – can be used instead of not.) Computer NOT Internet

20. Connectors/ Symbols Definitions Examples ? The symbol “?” represents any letters. The word will occur in search results, for example, int??net. The results are internet, intranet…. Int??net * The symbol is used to search unsure words or groups of words with the symbol, “*”. It represents any letters following the searched words. The earched words are enclosed with a quotation mark, for example, “int*”. The results are inter, internet, international… “Inter*” # The symbol is used only for certain words defined. The results will only show the particular words in search results. Program# ~ The symbol is used to search for synonyms with the symbol, “~”. The results will show the words having similar or close meaning. ~food “ ” The symbol “ ” is used to search for the words we know exactly, for example, personal names, book titles, song titles and place names etc. “Prisna Matchima”

21. “Multimedia” is the mixture of various kinds of media including texts, images, animations, sounds and videos by using computer processes to express meaning and interact with users according to their purposes.

22. There are various kinds of multimedia services for users by searching Pictures on the internet Sounds on the internet Videos on the internet

23. Image Retrieval http://images.google.co.th

24. Sound Retrieval http://music.yahoo.com

25. Video Retrieval http://www.youtube.com

26. To enhance effective searching, in the era of web 3.0, with information connected more than before by a semantic network, some more intelligent programs such as intelligent agents and semantic searches are developed.