1. Michael A. Knodler Jr., Ph.D. Dept.of Civil & Environ.Engineering October 16, 2010 What is Transportation Engineering?

2. Scenario #1 Scenario #1

3. Scenario #2 Scenario #2

4. Scenario #3 Scenario #3

5. What is Engineering? en·gi·neer·ing (n.) -The application of scientific and mathematical principles to practical ends such as the design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and economical structures, machines, processes, and systems. Chemical EngineeringChemical Engineering Mechanical & Industrial EngineeringMechanical & Industrial Engineering Electrical & Computer EngineeringElectrical & Computer Engineering Civil & Environmental EngineeringCivil & Environmental Engineering

6. What is Transportation? The safe and efficient movement of people and goods! the branch of engineering which applies technology, science, and human factors to the planning, design, operations and management of roads, streets, bikeways, highways, their networks, terminals, and abutting lands The objective is to provide for the safe, rapid, comfortable, efficient, convenient, and environmentally compatible movement of people, goods, and services.

7. Across all Modes

10. Transportation Quiz For the famous Chicopee curve along I-91- Develop a procedure for identifying where to place the curve warning sign

11. Emphasis Areas Operations PlanningDesign

12. Transportation Fun Facts 16% of U.S. GDP16% of U.S. GDP Approx $1.5 trillion on expendituresApprox $1.5 trillion on expenditures 70% of petroleum in U.S.70% of petroleum in U.S. U.S. citizens travel on averageU.S. citizens travel on average –1hour per day –12,000 miles per year 80% of eligible…..have licenses80% of eligible…..have licenses 11% of the U.S. workforce11% of the U.S. workforce

13. The Not So Fun Facts The Not So Fun Facts Bitten by venomous snake: 1 in 37,250 (9,000 venomous bites and 12 deaths per year)Bitten by venomous snake: 1 in 37,250 (9,000 venomous bites and 12 deaths per year) Struck by lightening: 1 in 240,000 (100 deaths)Struck by lightening: 1 in 240,000 (100 deaths) Dying in a tornado: 1 in 5 million (60 deaths)Dying in a tornado: 1 in 5 million (60 deaths) Dying from bee, hornet or wasp sting: 1 in 5.33 millionDying from bee, hornet or wasp sting: 1 in 5.33 million Being attacked by a shark: 1 in 11. 5 millionBeing attacked by a shark: 1 in 11. 5 million –23 people were involved in shark attacks in 2000 (highest number on record) Being attacked by a bear: 1 in 36 millionBeing attacked by a bear: 1 in 36 million Being Killed in a Car Crash (Lifetime): 1 in 77Being Killed in a Car Crash (Lifetime): 1 in 77 Leading Cause of Death from 5 to 33 70 out of 100 Children Born Today will be Injured in a Crash

14. U.S. Highway System

15. Human Factors Driver Abilities & Limitations Perception/Reaction Cognitive Processing

16. 16 Source: www.metrokc.gov 16 Design Considerations Layout of Roadway Elements AlignmentAlignment GradeGrade Cross-SectionCross-Section

17. Amity Street at University Drive Performance Measures Delay Level of Service # of Stops Queue Length Emissions Safety

18. Planning Studies

20. Travel Demand Forecasting Trip Generation – The decision to travelTrip Generation – The decision to travel Trip Distribution – Choice of destinationTrip Distribution – Choice of destination Mode Choice – Which mode to takeMode Choice – Which mode to take Network Assignment – Route/path choiceNetwork Assignment – Route/path choice What factors influence this?

21. Network Analysis UMass Points North Points West Points South The Notch Route 9 Route 116 I-91

22. 1 2 3 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 Five Highest Impact Links for Evacuation Activity Chaining Scenarios

23. Evacuations

24. Evacuations Predictions 1.3 million evacuees 0.5 million vehicles

25. Simulation Models

26. Western MA Roundabout? Conceptual Design Created By NYSDOT

27. Western MA Roundabout?

28. Roundabouts vs. Rotaries

29. Retrofitting Rotaries

30. Accommodating Left Turns

31. Traffic Control Devices

32. Rational Speed Demonstration EngineeringEngineering –Determination of 85 th %tile Speed –Roadway Inventory

33. Transportation Safety

34. Crash Data Analysis Cottage St. & 78-81 South Main St. Cross St./Walcott St. & 95-100 South Main St. Circular Ave./Curve St. & 115-126 South Main St. 132-139 South Main St. 150-153 South Main St. Rockland St./Bear Hill Rd. & 172-184 South Main St. 206 South Main St. West St. & 250-266 South Main St. 14% 2% 26% 7% 23% 14% 12%

35. 2003 Nationwide Belt Usage

36. Occupant Configuration

37. Education Level % of a Communitys Population with less than Some College

38. Education Level Belt Use with Education Level

39. ITS Technologies

40. Travel Time System CAMERA 1 CAMERA 2 3:15 3:45

41. Travel Time Reporting

42. Web Camera System

43. WebCameraSystem

44. HPL Driving Simulator

45. Additional Areas of Emphasis Transportation PolicyTransportation Policy LogisticsLogistics AdministrationAdministration EconomicsEconomics Public HealthPublic Health Psychology / SociologyPsychology / Sociology Transportation StatisticsTransportation Statistics And more!And more!

46. What Transportation is not…Hopefully

47. Questions

48. Exercise #1 – Traffic Volumes Building Block of Traffic Engineering

49. Exercise #1 – Traffic Volumes

50. Exercise #2 – Speeds Another Basic Building BlockAnother Basic Building Block Speed = Distance / Time Speed = Distance / Time Applications of Concepts for ExerciseApplications of Concepts for Exercise Units (e.g., mph, ft/sec) Units (e.g., mph, ft/sec) Conversions Conversions Scaling Scaling Real World ExamplesReal World Examples Pedestrian Crossing Time Pedestrian Crossing Time Compliance with Speed Limit Compliance with Speed Limit

51. Exercise #3 – Multimodal Olympics Trains, Planes & Ships Mode utility and purposeMode utility and purpose Re- engineeringRe- engineering

52. Exercise #4 – Crash Test Dummy Point Values (10) Cotton balls – 5 max (10) Toothpick – 5 max (25) Cardboard Sq. – 6 max (50) Paper sheets – 3 max (50) per ft of Tape – 3 max * Zip Lock Bag – is key!

53. Exercise #5 – Measuring Traffic Delays Major Performance Measure used to Drive many Traffic Engineering Solutions

54. Multiple Exercises (92 to be exact) www.ite.org ITE CouncilsITE Councils (left side) Transportation Education CouncilTransportation Education Council (right side) (right side) Recruitment ToolboxRecruitment Toolbox (right side)