1. Chapter 4 -Volcanism & Extrusive Rocks Photo Credit: S. Young

2. Effects on Humans The Growth of Hawaii Geothermal Energy Effect on Climate Volcanic Catastrophes Eruptive Violence and Physical Characteristics of Lava

3. Cascades Volcanoes

4. Mt. St. Helen’s Eruption Sequence

5. Gary Rosenquist Photo Sequence - Mt. St. Helen’s, May 18, 1980 ~8:27 PDT8:32:47.0 PDT8:32:49.2 PDT8:32:53.3 PDT8:33:03.7 PDT8:33:18.8 PDT

6. Mt. St. Helen’s Animation

7. Mt. St. Helen’s Plinian Eruption Column - May 18, 1980 From: USGS http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/

8. Mt. St. Helen’s May 18, 1980 Devastation

9. Post May 18, 1980 Crater and Resurgent Dome From: USGS http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/

10. Caldera Collapse

11. Crater lake - Wizard Island - 5 kBP Eruption Mt. Mazama Crater lake, Wizard Island, OR 8 kBP Eruption Mt. Mazama From: http://www.igoweb.org/~wms/personal/photos/2000/craterLake/

12. Pyroclastic Flows

14. St. Pierre Devastation, Mt. Pelee, Martinque, May 8, 1902

15. Extrusive Rocks and Gases Scientific Investigation of Volcanism Gases Extrusive Rocks

16. Volcanic Textures Table

18. Obsidian Hand Specimen

19. Andesite Hand Specimen

20. Andesite Photomicrograph

21. Vesicular Basalt

22. Pumice

23. Volcanic Bombs

24. Volcanic Tuff Photomicrograph

25. Types of Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes Cinder Cones Composite Volcanoes Volcanic Domes

26. Basic Volcano Types

27. Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia

28. Shield Volcano

29. Basaltic Fire Fountaining and Lava Flows

30. Summit of Mauna Loa

31. Pahoehoe Lava Flow

32. Aa Lava Flow

33. Spatter Cone

34. Olympus Mons, Mars

35. Volcanic Eruption, Io