1. Electron Transport Chain (Respiratory Chain) Vladimíra Kvasnicová

2. Respiratory chain (RCH) a)is found in all cells b)is located in a mitochondrion c)includes enzymes integrated in the inner mitochondrial membrane d)produces reducing equivalents (NADH+H +, FADH 2 )

3. The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html

4. Respiratory chain (RCH) a)belongs among oxidative pathways b)can proceed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions c)is a reversible pathway d)needs oxygen (O 2 ) for its function

5. The figure is found at http://www.grossmont.net/cmilgrim/Bio220/Outline/ECB2Figures&Tables_Ed2- Ed1/Chapter14_13/REDOX_POTENTIALS_ElectronTransportChain_Fig14-21.htm (December 2006)http://www.grossmont.net/cmilgrim/Bio220/Outline/ECB2Figures&Tables_Ed2- Ed1/Chapter14_13/REDOX_POTENTIALS_ElectronTransportChain_Fig14-21.htm Gibbs energy „G“ Redox potential „E“  reducing properties  oxidizing properties

6. The figure is found at http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/mito_ox.htm (December 2006)http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/mito_ox.htm

7. Enzymes of the RCH a)belong among oxidoreductases b)can transfer either H or electrons c)are called Complex I, II, III and IV d)transfer protons and electrons in the same direction

8. The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ 15451 ‑ 2 proton = H + electron = e - Cytochrome c is drawn wrongly! It is found in the intermembrane space, bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane

9. The function of the RCH a)is to regenerate NAD + from NADH b)is to regenerate NADP + from NADPH c)is to regenerate FAD from FADH 2 d)is to finish oxidation of energy substrates and conserve their energy in a form of ATP

10. In reactions of the RCH a)oxygen is reduced to H 2 O b)protons (H + ) are transfered into an intermembrane space c)ATP is produced by the Complex I d)all reduced coenzymes (NADH+H + and FADH 2 ) are reoxidized by the same mechanism

11. The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif

12. Choose correct statement a)Complex I transfers H + into an intermembrane space b)Complex II transfers H + into an intermembrane space c)Coenzyme Q accepts e - from both Complex I and Complex II d)Complex IV transfers electrons to oxygen

13. The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ 15451 ‑ 2 proton = H + electron = e - Cytochrome c is drawn wrongly! It is found in the intermembrane space, bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane

14. Citrate cycle (CC) and the RCH are interconnected a)by CO 2 (produced by CC, used by RCH) b)by NADH (produced by CC, used by RCH) c)an enzyme succinate dehydrogenase d)ATP (produced by RCH, used by CC)

15. The figure is found at http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif (December 2006)http://www.cellml.org/examples/images/metabolic_models/the_electron_transport_chain.gif Citrate cycle succinate DH

16. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) a)can be produced only in a cooperation with RCH b)can be synthesized only under aerobic conditions c)is formed from ADP by addition of one phosphate d)is transported from a mitochondrion into a cytoplasm by exchange with ADP

17. ATP-ADP translocase The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ 15451 ‑ 2

18. When the term is used it always means „ATP synthesis“ a)phosphorylation b)oxidative phosphorylation c)aerobic phosphorylation d)substrate level phosphorylation

19. Oxidative phosphorylation a)needs proton gradient on the inner mitochondrial membrane b)is catalyzed by ATP synthase c)can be interrupted by uncoupling proteins (UCP) d)means ATP synthesis in any oxidative metabolic pathway

20. The figure is adopted from the book: Devlin, T. M. (editor): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 4th ed. Wiley ‑ Liss, Inc., New York, 1997. ISBN 0 ‑ 471 ‑ 15451 ‑ 2

21. The figure is found at http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html (December 2006)http://plaza.ufl.edu/tmullins/BCH3023/cell%20respiration.html ATP synthase inner mitochondrial membrane

22. The figure is found at http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/Franck/Bio222/Lectures/March23_lecture_shuttles.htm (December 2006)http://departments.oxy.edu/biology/Franck/Bio222/Lectures/March23_lecture_shuttles.htm Uncoupling proteins (UCP) = separate RCH from ATP synthesis (the synthesis is interrupted) energy from H + gradient is released as a heat

23. ATP (or GTP) can be formed by the reactions a)glucose-6-P + ADP → glucose + ATP b)succinyl~CoA + GDP → succinate + GTP c)GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP d)ADP + ADP → ATP + AMP

24. Oxidation of NADH+H + in the RCH produces more ATP than oxidation of FADH 2 because a)higher proton gradien is made by oxidation of NADH+H + b)NADH+H + transfers H to different Complex of the RCH than FADH 2 c)more protons are transported to the intermembrane space if NADH+H + is oxidized d)more e - are transfered from NADH+H + to O 2

25. The figure is found at http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/oxidative-phosphorylation.html (December 2006)http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/oxidative-phosphorylation.html FADH 2

26. Choose correct statement(s) about regulation of RCH and ATP synthesis a)  O 2 decreases the pathways b)uncoupling proteins increase ATP synthesis c)  ADP increses ATP synthesis d)  NADH+H + /NAD + increases the pathways